Subject: Re: Nova Roma et Jugoslavija
From: Decius Iunius Palladius amcgrath@--------
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 00:48:49 -0500 (EST)

On Wed, 31 Mar 1999, Gail and Thomas Gangale wrote:

> From: Gail and Thomas Gangale <a href="/post/novaroma?protectID=123166234108158153184218249036129208" >gangale@--------</a>

> The purpose that brings us together IS NOT Jugoslavija. Jugoslavija can do
> nothing but DIVIDE us, like the Slovenes from the Croats from the Bosnians
> from the Serbs from the Albanians from the Macedonians from the Greeks from
> the Turks. Is it not plain to us that these are people who have not learned
> to live together in peace? Tell me, anyone, I challenge you, what can we
> learn from them?

> Focus, Quirites, focus on the true task before us! It is NOVA ROMA!
>
> I address you not as the grandson of a woman who was born scarcely a hundred
> miles from the killing, although I most certainly could. I address you not
> as the descendant of immigrants from a half-dozen NATO nations, although I
> most certainly could. I address you not as a former captain and fighter
> crewmwmber in the United States Air Force, although I most certainly could.
> I address you as a Novaromanus, and only that. In the marcro-world, I am
> all of these other things, but here, in this Forum, I am a Novaromanus, and
> only that. That is all that I need to be before you. Indeed, that is all
> that I have a right to be before you. I am a Novaromanus!
>
> May the gods preserve the Senate and the People of Nova Roma!

Cives, I must agree with my friend Marcus Martianus: this topic can do
nothing but *divide* us. We are an international organization with
citizens in nearly, if not every country involved in this action as
well as those countries nervously watching from nearby, on *both* sides of
the conflict. We have a number of citizens who live in the Balkans
including Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia and Yugoslavia. We even had a
citizen join just a day or two ago who lives in Belgrade, Serbia.
(Yugoslavia)

You will see no formal position on this conflict from Nova Roma. Nor
will you see a public statement from me on my position on this conflict
though I have strong feelings on the situation as several of you know
from private correspondence (which I intend to continue in private). My
first instinct was to speak out here on the conflict but realized that it
would be not productive for Nova Roma.

I suggest that we concentrate on what has brought us together: a love of
Rome and a desire to be part of its revival.

This list is an official organ of Nova Roma and as such this topic could
be prohibited. However, I will not do that as that would not be productive
either at this time. I do *recommend* though that the topic not be
discussed here for the sake of the unity of our nascent state. True, we
are all a part of the larger world, but our link here is still a fragile
one.


Valete,


Decius Iunius Palladius, consul, censor




----------------------------------------------------------------------------


Non scholae sed vitae discimus.

Seneca


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

"Such things have often happened and still happen,
and how can these be signs of the end of the world?"

Julian, Emperor of Rome 361-363 A.D.
Extant 331-363 A.D.





Subject: Hi,there
From:
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 03:59:39 EST
Salvete amici,

I have just joined Nova Roma a few days ago and I am astonished about the
flourishing discussions though I think the Balkan is a little bit off topic
for a mailing list concerning Rome. Nevetheless I am going to state my
opinion, too :))

First there is the problem wether there is something like a "just war" or not.
You know, as a German I am very glad that the Allies have liberated us in WW
II and a war against Hitler and fascism is always the nearest to a "just war".
But the question remains wether the US would have joined in the war if it
wasn`t a war in Europe but one in Africa or so.
On one side I think we have to do something against that genozid in Kosovo and
on the other side I am a pacifist.
We should have act much earlier in political ways instead of closing our eyes
and pretending not to see what was happening in former Yugoslavia for years.
We have made terrible mistakes, especially our former German Chancellor, that
*** Kohl.
Second there is a really great problem.Despite what our government said, our
particpation in the NATO actions against SErbia is against our
Grundgesetz(Constitution) and against international law.
Not that this is so unnatural. The history of thr Roman Republic is full of
examples where politicians have first widend the law and then overrun it.

What I fear most is that all this is slipping out of our control.
My prayers are with ALL soldiers and their families involved in this, but
especially with those of NR.


But enough of this for now.Last not least I wanted to introduce my self to my
fellow citizens of NR. I am Lucius Caecilius Metellus Scaevola, but you can
call me Lucius Metellus. I look forward to hearing from you.
Hope to the ya at the Ludi


PS: I hope Nato and Serbia will remember what Tacitus once wrote:
" Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant"

Valete

L.Caec.Metellus Scaevola



Subject: A reply and support to our Consul Palladius
From: hadji hadji@--------
Date: Thu, 01 Apr 1999 13:01:46 +0200
Salvete Romani,

I was the first one who brought Yugoslavian theme into the list , but
now when we have got a citizens directly from the conflict areas I think
it would be better not to touch this flaming problems.
My possition in the last messages was from the view point of a Balkan
neighbour and my main note was that Balkan problems must be resolved
by Balkan peoples, without any foreign powers (as these ones only crash
the crisp ballance in the region) - a true which was, is and will be
valuable in Balkans.
But, now I support our Consul Palladius and kindly ask you not to
express opinions which could personaly touch any of our citizens. All of
them I hope are wellcome in NR.
I have expressed my opinion, but crissis in Kosovo do not touch me
personally, so I am in a more neutral possition.

Bene Vale

Alexander I.C. Probus M.



Subject: Re: Nova Roma et Jugoslavija
From: "RMerullo" rmerullo@--------
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 10:55:50 -0500
Salvete Marce Martiane et alii



>From: Gail and Thomas Gangale <a href="/post/novaroma?protectID=123166234108158153184218249036129208" >gangale@--------</a>
>


Nice speech.
>
>Asiaticus refers to "WHEN we become a physical nation-in-being."
>
>Does my friend Asiaticus have a timetable for this---deletion---Let us not
be unprepared for this sudden prodigy, this gift
>from the Gods!

I think that Asiaticus was referring to a goal that Nova Roma has. He was
not, as I read his post, implying that the event was right around the
corner.
>

>
>Asiaticus says, "My voice in the US is but a squeak beneath Niagra Falls.
>But in NR, I and my fellows, such as you, can have a meaningful say in
matters."
>
>Oh, what awesome power to bellow in a closet!

Huh?

My good friend Asiaticus can
>have a meaningful say in matters which are UNMEANINGFUL to Nova Roma in its
>current infant state, as may we all. How shall this build a stronger
>Republic?

Well, we all have a right to own opinions and express them in NR fora,
including this list. Whether or not the expression of opinion about an
external matter helps to build a stronger Republic is certainly debatable.

Are we to run marathons before we have learned to walk? ---deletion---Shall
we likewise cripple our Republic by demanding too much of
>it too soon? Where are our laws, Quirites? Where are our Tribes and our
>Centuries? Where are our Aediles Curules? Our Republic is far from
>finished.

Yes, these are things that we need to accomplish. According to the most
recent reports from Senatrix Claudia and Consul Cincinnatus, these tasks are
receiving some attention. Sometimes I feel myself growing anxious about our
lack of centuries and assemblies, but then I remind myself that I am still
working on translation of the Constitution. Now, the latter is a
challenging project, but it is fairly straightforward. I imagine that
investigation of Roman law and development of an approach to reconciling
some of its principles to norms acceptable to modern people -- us -- is far
less straightforward.

How responsible is it for us to debate foreign affairs when we
>have not yet completed our domestic institutions? Let us look to our own
>State, Quirites, rather that squander our energies in wrangling over the
>state of other States!

I believe that these are two separate issues, Marce Martiane. I am not sure
myself of how appropriate debate of Kosovo/NATO is within this forum, but I
am absolutely sure that it has nothing to do -- neither negatively nor
positively -- with the state of our State; such debate will not impact,
neither one way nor the other, the formation of centuries, assemblies, et
cetera.
>
----deletion---

That opportunity was
>handed to us by Germanicus and Cassius. Where is our dedication to
complete
>what they began? What, are we so undisciplined that we will turn away from
>that oh so tiresome task and seek new thrills in irrelevant diversions?

I hope not. I for none cannot understand why debate of current world events
would tend to divert real dedication to a micronation. Now, if I lived in
Yugoslavia or a country adjacent to it, most certainly the sum of my being
would be diverted from it, and from everything else in my life.

For
>the truth is, dear friends, the when the dust has settled in Jugoslavija,
>when the last speech in our Forum has been made about Jugoslavija, we will
>have settled NOTHING regarding Jugoslavija!

True. The same can be said, however, of discussing most any issue within
this forum or elsewhere. When did your discussion of any issue with anyone
ever result in changes in national, or NATO policy?

If this crisis admits of a
>solution, it will have been decided by the macro-powers. Ours will have
>been an empty enterprise, and our true work will have been neglected, our
>farms grown to weeds!

Well, my farm is growing to weeds, literally :). That's what happens when
you work centum milia passuum from your office, buy a fixer-upper and decide
to have a kid, your land gets all overgrown with saplings and grass, coming
to be more of a jungle all the time...

But, seriously, discussion of world events does not have to mean neglect of
NR's tasks. The two can coexist, I think, as they have little or nothing in
common.
>
>The purpose that brings us together IS NOT Jugoslavija. Jugoslavija can do
>nothing but DIVIDE us, like the Slovenes from the Croats from the Bosnians
>from the Serbs from the Albanians from the Macedonians from the Greeks from
>the Turks.

True. We certainly must not follow the Balkan example socially, we must not
hold ethnicity or nationality against each other or others. In Nova Roma,
we unite in devotion to re-building the glory of Rome, to the fullest of our
ability. Let nothing and noone divide us.

Is it not plain to us that these are people who have not learned
>to live together in peace? Tell me, anyone, I challenge you, what can we
>learn from them?

We can learn that exclusionary nationalism fails miserably and pretty much
invariably.
>
>Oh, but the glistening of freshly shed blood is so seductive.... Like
>motorists passing by an accident, we are strangely compelled to slow down
>and gawk at the carnage, and idly remark to each other, "Isn't it awful!"

I usually beep at people when they slow down for that. If you're not going
to stop and help, just keep going and keep your eyes on the road.
>
>Focus, Quirites, focus on the true task before us! It is NOVA ROMA!

Yes, you are right. We all live on Earth, though, and events around this
world can impact us all, and we consequently feel the need to discuss those
events. Let's not chastise each other too much for that.
>
---deletion----I am a Novaromanus, and
>only that. That is all that I need to be before you. Indeed, that is all
>that I have a right to be before you. I am a Novaromanus!

Et ego sum Novoromanus
>
>May the gods preserve the Senate and the People of Nova Roma!
>
>Marcus Martianus Gangalius
>-------------


Valete

Gaius Marius Merullus




Subject: Nova Roma et Jugoslavija
From: "Lucius" vergil@--------
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 11:48:03 -0500
Salvete Omnes Quirites

I am very saddened by what is happening in Dalmatia (Jugoslavija).
Join me in offering prayers to Mars for the protection of the innocent.
<a href="http://www2.crosswinds.net/san-francisco/~marsultor/culture/myth/mars/marsfr" target="_top" >http://www2.crosswinds.net/san-francisco/~marsultor/culture/myth/mars/marsfr</a>
m.htm?
(make sure to add the question mark at the end)

>> From: Gail and Thomas Gangale <a href="/post/novaroma?protectID=123166234108158153184218249036129208" >gangale@--------</a>
>> The purpose that brings us together IS NOT Jugoslavija...
>> Focus, Quirites, focus on the true task before us! It is NOVA ROMA!
>> I address you not as the grandson of a woman who was born scarcely a
hundred
>> miles from the killing, although I most certainly could.<SNIP> I am a
Novaromanus!
>> May the gods preserve the Senate and the People of Nova Roma!
>
>Cives, I must agree with my friend Marcus Martianus: this topic can do
>nothing but *divide* us.
>You will see no formal position on this conflict from Nova Roma...

LE Cincinnatus; Ita consentio
>
>I suggest that we concentrate on what has brought us together: a love of
>Rome and a desire to be part of its revival.
>This list is an official organ of Nova Roma and as such this topic could
>be prohibited. However, I will not do that as that would not be productive
>either at this time. I do *recommend* though that the topic not be
>discussed here for the sake of the unity of our nascent state. True, we
>are all a part of the larger world, but our link here is still a fragile
>one.
>Valete, Decius Iunius Palladius, consul, censor


I only hope that those who choose to discuss this in the Forum will remain
"Novaromani" first and remember the roman virtues. I must say that many
of the posts have been educational and informative and for that I am
grateful.

Valete, Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus




Subject: Re: Nova Roma et Jugoslavija
From: Michael Cessna clinkerbuilt2@--------
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 09:08:49 -0800 (PST)
Salvete, omnes,

To my esteemed kinsmen, I thank you. My intention, once again, is
not for Nova Roma to 'take' any sort of postion. I do not believe that
an 'official' position is possible, or relevant.

However, I still stand on the principles that, Primicus, open,
reasoned debate on current world events can only benefit the corpus
poli, and, Secundus, that debate on this issue, or any other, will not
'tear us apart'. My thanks to Fimbrus for the example of the Los Angeles
riot.

Are we Novaromani, all of us, so weak in our belief in the truth
that is Roma, that we cannot have a reasoned debate on a situation
affects all of us, directly, or indirectly? If so, then I dare say we
can debate nothing, for the same fear.

"What can be learned from this?", my esteemed comrade Gangalius
asks. Many people, through no fault of their own, see, without seeing;
hear, without hearing; read, without comprhending, and remember, without
understanding. The reasons for this are many, and, admittedly, many
times depend on the charactor of the person in question. The purpose of
debating issues, no matter what their percieved efficacy or pertinance,
is to educate, and help those who need that help, to decide how to chart
the best course. This is the case, no matter what the issue at hand.

I quite agree, that this should not become the 'Kosovo' list, but
that is no reason not to speak in the Forum about important issues,
whether or not they are directly to the functioning of Nova Roma.

But, having made, I believe, my point concerning the essential
health of lively debate, I yield to the wishes of D Iunius Palladius,
and will no longer post on this subject in the Forum, but will restrict
my thoughts on this subject to private correspondence..... .....


Bene Valete,


Gnaeus Marius Asiaticus
_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at <a href="http://mail.yahoo.com" target="_top" >http://mail.yahoo.com</a>




Subject: Maps, Pictures, and stuff;
From: jmath669642reng@--------)
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 15:32:43 -0500 (EST)
You are quite welcome to the maps, my friend. I am reading over again
the excellent book from whence the maps came,"Pannonia and Upper Moesia"
and planned to have the book copied, as it is too good a book about the
subject not to have in my library. Your "pictures" that I promised have
been sent, but the Post office tells me it may be some time before they
arrive, so please have patience.

I have read your recent postings to the NR List and I agree with your
feelings. It must be a terrible thing to have war spread it's black and
red cloak over much of what you hold dear. I do not want to upset you,
but I think that you will find that few, if any, people really know what
is going on in Yugoslavia as far as the U.S. is concerned. Newspaper
reporters have a tendency to sensationalize isolated incidents and the
political agenda is always unclear at best. Further this is a situation
that is very difficult to rationalize due to the NATO rules in place.
Is it a war to stop a wider war, or is it a war to stop human race
extermination, or is it a war brought on as some say by the large arms
manufacturers of the world, I cannot say. If there was any way that I
could make a difference at this point I would, but my Naval Years are
over with and much of my naval background and knowlege has been negated
by new and advanced systems and technologies.

I will now share with you an excellent description of the area of the
tow path road that was built along the Danube River by the Roman
Legions. Since I want to share this item with all of NR, I will make
public this letter with your kind permission:

Plates 8a, 8b, 9a, and 9b in reference #1, show some good pictures of
the Djerdap Gorge and there are two excellent maps available.

Pages 12,13 in reference #2 give the basic story and provide some
excellent drawings of this effort.

If anyone is interested in the maps or pictures I would be willing to
make copies and forward them for the local cost of reprodction and
postage.
======================================

Rock Tow Path in the Djerdap Gorge on the Danue River

In order to appreciate properly this colossal undertaking it is
necessary first to give a brief description of this section of the
Danube. Where it cuts through the Carpathian and Balkan Massif it flows
for about 130 km through a very narrow gorge; in the Carpathian Basin
the river in some places is 600m wide and occasionally even wider, but
then it forces itself through a narrow valley which in the Kasan Gorge
is reduced in places to a width of only 150m . In fact it is only near
Donji Milanovac, where the Poreca River flows into it that there is any
opening to the South; otherwise the southern bank is mostly precipitous
and unapproachable. There is no natural road along this side. In the
Kasan Gorge, which is roughly 40km long, the rock face is so close to
the river that ships cannot even tie up there. The rocky river bed is
an additional obstacle. The outstanding feature of the section above
Donji Milanovac is the rapids, though the biggest are near the Iron
Gates below Orsova at the end of the Kasan Gorge. The Romans probably
called the rapids in the upper Djerdap (Gornja Klisura) "scrofulae"
(little pigs), a term for rock bound waters which is also found in other
languages. In ancient literature the word "cataracts" is also used of
the Djerdap section of the Danube. Finally the whirlpools and the fast
current make navigation very difficult in this stretch of the river.

Construction under Tiberius was diected towards making this section
generally navigable and to linking the upper and lower Danube valleys.
It is no longer possible to say whether and to what extent the rocks in
the riverbed were removed. It is not true that all this work had to be
repeated at the time of the extensive work to straighten out the river
bed in the 19th century, for the simpe reasons that the work carried out
then was to meet the need of steamers. In many respects (however) the
19th century works tally with the Roman.---Particularly when traveling
upstream, ships had to be towed either by men or animals (on the new
Iron Gates Canal engines are used). In the Djerdap towage was ,however,
impossible. First of all a tow path had to be built, a task which
called for all the technical skill of antiquity. It meant that a road
had to be cut into the precipitous wall of rock often the hardest kind
imaginable, or at least a path resting on supports had to be
constructed. According to two inscriptions in the upper Djerdap, the
task was completed by legiones IIII Scythica and V Macedonica in 33/34
(A.D.). Other inscriptions indicate that work was continued under
Claudius(when the same legions were involved) and under Domitian and
Trajan. The Domitianic incriptions refer to the road as "iter
Scorfularum" or "Scrofularum" and indicate that partly through use and
partly owing to flooding the road had to be rebuilt. Trajan's "Tabula"
in the Kasan Gorge encouraged scholars for a long time to regard the
tow-path as a new construction concerned with his Dacian Wars. The road
was, however,only useful if it made navigation possible through the
whole of the Djerdap, from Golubac (Cuppae) as far as Orsova (Dierna).
A new reading of the Tabula-----ultimately proved that Trajan only
rebuilt the road (viam refecit). This rebuilding must not, however, be
underestimated, since according to the text, it was then that the road
was first cut into many places into the cliff walls; as the supports and
joists of the earlier road were now superflous, they were removed. The
holes hewn at regular intervals into the rock below the road and into
which it's supports were fixed can still be clearly seen at many places
in the Djerdap. But this later road, which in places was cut into the
rock to a depth of 2-3m, also required a (partly) wooen construction.
It is obvious that such a road needed constant maintenance and
protection (as well). Otherwise, on this stretch of the Danube there
was hardly any danger from Dacians and Sarmatians, as the towering
cliffs, and the very steep slopes on the river's southern bank, doomed
any attack to failure from the start. The chief danger came from the
elements, since frequently at the end of winter ice piled so high in the
narrow gorges that the wooden supports were carried away with the
melting waters. There was also the further risk that marauding
barbarians would set fire to the supports and thus interrupt supplies
for the fleet and troops. It was obviously to counter this danger that
Tiberius had already stationed auxiliaries on this section of the
frontier. But on a section 130 km long there were only a few places
suitable for normal-sized forts. It can be assumed that even in later
times there were auxiliary forts only at Golubac at the entrance to the
Djerdap, at Cezava (Novae) and at Donji Milanovac (Taliata). The
remaining guard-posts were forlets and watch-towers.

Reference:
1--Pannonia and Upper Moesia (A Hisory of the Middle Danube Provinces of
the Roman Empire); Andras Mocsy, Trans. S. Frere, Routledge & Kegan
Paul, (London / Boston--1974);

2--The Legioary; Peter Connolly, Oxford Press, 1998.

Marcus Minucius Audens

Fair Winds and Following Seas!!!




Subject: Macedonia
From: Gail and Thomas Gangale gangale@--------
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 20:01:22 -0800 (PST)
Salvete, omnes.

I thank Macedonius, Asiaticus, Merullus, and our esteemed consuls for their
remarks today.

Vale, Gangalius

***************

In all the taverns and even -- heaven help us! -- at dinner parties, there
are strategists who take armies into Macedonia, who know where camps should
be sited, which places should be held with garrisons; they know the right
moment for the invasion of Macedonia, and the right pass to use; they know
where granaries should be placed, what routes on land and sea should be
employed for the transport of supplies; they know when we ought to join
battle with the enemy and when it would be better to remain inactive. And
they do not just lay down the law about what ought to be done; when anything
has been done contrary to their decision they accuse the consul as if he
were standing in the dock!

Such talk is a great impediment to those on active service. For it is not
everyone who is as steadfast and constant in resolution as was Quintus
Fabius, who preferred to have his command restricted through the foolishness
of the people rather than to fail the true interests of the commonwealth for
the sake of popular applause. I am not, fellow citizens, one of those who
consider that generals should never be given advice; on the contrary, when a
man takes his own opinion as his sole guide in all his conduct, that, in my
judgement, is a sign of arrogance, not of wisdom.

What, then, is the conclusion of the whole matter? Generals ought to be
given advice, in the first place from men of foresight, the experts who have
specialized in military affairs, and who have learned from experience;
secondly, from those who are on the spot, who see the terrain, who know the
enemy, who can judge the right moment for action, who are, as it were,
shipmates sharing the same danger. Therefore, if there is anyone who is
confident that he can advise me about the best interests of the nation in
the campaign which I am now about to conduct, let him not deny the state his
services -- let him come with me into Macedonia. I will assist him by
providing his passage, his horse, his tent, yes, and his travelling money.
If anyone finds this prospect too irksome, and prefers the ease of the city
to the hardships of campaign, let him not steer the ship from his place on
shore. The city itself furnishes enough matter for conversation; let him
confine his loquacity to such topics; I should like him to know that I
shall be quite satisfied with the advice I receive in the camp.

-- Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Consul
II Kal Aprilis DLXXXVI A.U.C. (31 March 168 B.C.E.)
-------------
Tom and Gail Gangale
<a href="/post/novaroma?protectID=123166234108158153184218249036129208" >gangale@--------</a>
<a href="http://www.jps.net/gangale/homepage.htm" target="_top" >http://www.jps.net/gangale/homepage.htm</a>
Mars Society California
The Martian Time Web Site
The Martian Ministry of Culture
Bunny Hill (and Catsville Too)
The National Primary System
World GenWeb Calabria




Subject: Re: Macedonia
From: Razenna razenna@--------
Date: Thu, 01 Apr 1999 20:45:48 -0800
Please, Quirites. Do not get me wrong. Please do not take this wrong.
I thought it had been agreed that this topic would not be discussed on this
list.
While I talk on the events of the day, particularly when the concern Mars,
Minerva and America, I am doing my best to not bring this set of events up on
the Nova Roma List.
Perhaps I am wrong about this. If so,... Well.... Carry on.

C. Aelius Ericius
Propraetor of California Provincia
Pontiff
paterfamilias gens Aelia.

------------------------------------------------
<a href="http://www.gov.yu/" target="_top" >http://www.gov.yu/</a>
<a href="http://www.acus.org/nato/" target="_top" >http://www.acus.org/nato/</a>
<a href="http://www1.whitehouse.gov/WH/Welcome.html" target="_top" >http://www1.whitehouse.gov/WH/Welcome.html</a>
<a href="http://www.angelfire.com/hi2/KLASS/" target="_top" >http://www.angelfire.com/hi2/KLASS/</a>
<a href="http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/ops/kosovo.htm" target="_top" >http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/ops/kosovo.htm</a>




Subject: List of PONTIFEX MAXIMUS
From: Lucius Cornelius Sulla alexious@--------
Date: Thu, 01 Apr 1999 22:15:41 -0800
Salvete, Omnes

While I was doing research for the Law Committee....I found this website
that might be of interest to many of our citizens....it contains a list
of Pontifex Maximus and their years in office. Granted its a partial
list, but very intersting nevertheless.

Here is the website: <a href="http://web.raex.com/~obsidian/rome.html" target="_top" >http://web.raex.com/~obsidian/rome.html</a>

Vale

Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Praetor Urbanus