Subject:	[novaroma] Tribunicial opinion on Senate Item #8
From:	LSergAust@--------
Date:	Wed, 29 Nov 2000 20:48:26 EST

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
From: LSergAust@--------
Reply-to: SenatusRomanus@--------
To: SenatusRomanus@--------
Salvete Conscript Fathers

Although not a senator, I am moved to comment on this two-part proposal
on the grounds of my responsibility toward maintaining the letter and
spirit of the Constitution. This idea of opening Senate deliberations to
public view, while not technically unconstitutional (i.e., there is
nothing in the Constitution that woould forbid it), violates the spirit
of the Constitution by undermining the basic structure of Roman
government. It shatters the Mos Maiorum. The Senate is not the governing
body of Nova Roma: it is NOT analogous to the Senate of the United
States. The Senate of Nova Roma, like the Senate of Roma Antiqva, is an
un-elected, mainly consultative body of distinguished elders that is in
no way answerable to any electorate among the citizens. No senator stands
for re-election to his Senate seat. As a repository of experience and
wisdom, our Senate *LEADS* but does NOT *rule* our republic. To make all
of the members of the Senate answerable to the general population for
their every opinion and vote will undermine and weaken that role.

Doubtless some may be thinking that Tribune Australicus has abandoned his
populist sympathies and is seeking to protect the Senate from criticism
and interference. That is not the case. I seek to protect the Republic
from being weakened. The governing body of our Republic is meant to be
the body of its citizens voting in their tribes and centuries. That is
where and how laws are supposed to be made. Owing in part to the fact
that we haven't quite yet made that process work smoothly and easily, and
owing in part to the fact that many of us tend to think in terms of
modern Western (particularly American) government instead of Roman, and
owing in part to what I think is an almost universal human tendency to
look to "leaders" to relieve us of the responsibility for governing
ourselves, we have fallen into some very un-Roman attitudes toward our
government. The people, instead of acting in their role as the governing
body, have fallen into the habit of looking to the Senate and the
magistrates to make their decisions for them, to arbitrate their
conflicts for them, i.e., to be their government for them. These proposed
changes would strengthen and codify these un-Roman tendencies, and
fundamentally change the nature of our state.

Marcus Octavius Germanicus has very clearly outlined the practical
problems that would follow from the enactment of these proposals, and
they are considerable. Imagine a hundred or more citizens posting
replies, criticisms, support, arguments, and complaints *to the Senate*
in response to *each* opinion or vote expressed by a senator during the
deliberations of a Senate session. And imagine the public outcry if
senators fail to acknowledge and respond to this flood of input. We would
need no Circus Maximus - we would have a Circus Senatus!

But even more daunting than that rather alarming scenario (isn't there a
movie plot in there, Consul?) is the change that would be wrought in the
very nature of our Roman Republic, and the damage that would be done to
the Mos Maiorum.

I entreat you, Conscript Fathers, to retain your role as leaders and not
to succumb to the temptation to become rulers by inviting the people to
consider you answerable for appeasing their every whim, need, and desire.
Let the people be answerable to each other in their debates and votes in
the Comitia. Maintain the status of the Senate as it is. Strengthen it.
Increase its respect and dignitas. Don't undermine it and the Republic by
enacting these proposals that would open the doors of the Senate and
dilute its wise deliberations with the shouts of the streets.

Respectfully,

Lucius Sergius Australicus Obstinatus
Tribunus Plebis
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

One point I tried to make above bears repeating:

>The Senate is not the governing body of Nova Roma:....
>The governing body of our Republic is meant to be
>the body of its citizens voting in their tribes and centuries. That is
>where and how laws are supposed to be made.

THAT is how our government is intended to work, and all this nonsense
about wanting to keep tabs on every little word in the Senate is
distracting you all from the fact that the citizens are supposed to be
making the laws here - not the Senate. The Senate leads the state, making
policy and *advising* what action the state should take, but the Senate
does not rule the state. The citizens ultimately

Newcomers! Many of you have asked to know what lead up to the so-called
"interregnum" and the appointment of a dictator. It was this: the tribes
and centuries had not been established, so there was no way for the
citizens to engage in a proper voting process as called for by the Roman
method of government. A lot happened that those who went through it
prefer not to dredge up again, but the central issue was that there could
be no legal votes taken for lack of tribes and centuries.

Now we have had the tribes and centuries established for a year or more,
and how many times have the citizens come together to make laws? How many
of you have ever asked for something to be brought before the Comitiae?
How many of you even know what the Comitiae are?

Those of you who have not taken the trouble to learn how Roman government
works should not be clamoring to change how it works. Quit trying to
transform the Roman Senate into the United States Senate! Start taking
responsibility for your own Republic! Work! Vote! Debate! Serve! Or go
away!

Valete,

Lucius Sergius Australicus Obstinatus
Tribunus Plebis



purgamentum init, exit purgamentum.

(Garbage in, garbage out.)


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Subject:	[novaroma] Senate agenda: Items Eleven & Twelve
From:	LSergAust@--------
Date:	Wed, 29 Nov 2000 20:48:13 EST

Salvete Omnes!

The following were added to the Senate's current agenda before the agenda
was declared closed:

Item 11:
Pompeia Cornelia Strabo requests to be Propraetor of Canada Orientalis.


Item 12:
Lucius Pompeius Octavianus requests the creation of a province called
Argentina and requests the Provincial Praetorship.


The Senate is currently in hot debate. The hottest item seems to be #8.
There are strong feelings on both sides.

This Tribune has expressed an opinion on the Senate floor with regard to
Item 8, on the grounds that it is detrimental to the Mos Maiorum and the
Republic. It is also unnecessary. Any Senator may share his opinions with
the rest of the citizens on this list. I will post my little speech here
in a separate post.

Valete,

Lucius Sergius Australicus Obstinatus
Tribunus Plebis


quemadnoum gladius neminem occidit, occidentis telum est.

(A sword is never a killer, it is a tool in the killer's hands.)
Lucius Annaeus Seneca 4bc - 65ad


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Subject:	[novaroma] Tribune's Opinion on Item #8
From:	"Pompeia Cornelia" <scriba_forum@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 02:41:45 -0000

Salvete Honoured Tribunus et Alii:

Your comments on the aforementioned Senate Item are well stated.

I think the Senate requires a sequestered environment in which to work
constructively for the benefit of our Republic.

Although I am an advocate of freedoms of political expression, I am afraid
that the Senate would be able to accomplish very little, with the resultant
multiplicity of public comments, objections, ideas, etc. which would flood
the mailboxes of the Senate addresses, in response to individual Senatoral
threads of discussion. Indeed, mailboxes would be bouncing to ceilings.

Working under these conditions would be like trying to do intricate
bookkeeping at a childrens' birthday party!

The Senate Agenda is always announced to the populus, and the results of
their decisions are announced. Any citizen is free to write a letter to the
Senate to voice concerns, offer policy/lex suggestions, or express an
opinion. Senators often post their opinions on key issues in the Forum.

In my honest opinion, I am comfortable enough with the current methods of
communication/dialogue with the Senate; I do not have to read every word
from every Senator on a given issue, and I don't think that being privy to
all their individual deliberations is going to influence the outcomes,
except to distract them so terribly that there will be very few outcomes.

Bene vale,
Pompeia Cornelia


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Subject:	[novaroma] ATTENTION PLEBEIANS:: plebeian chat/list
From:	caesar@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 03:03:01 -0000

Salvete, Quirites.

I stand before you to annouce the opening of a new mailing list
dedicated solely to the purpose of a pre-vote "Contio" in the Comitia
Plebis Tributa. I urge all citizens of the Plebeian class to join the
list and express your opinions on the laws that will be brought
before you, the Comitia Plebis Tributa, for approval in the
forthcoming election period. Only Plebeians may join.

In order to subscribe, send an email including your Roman name to
ComitiaPlebisTributa-subscribe@--------

The date and time of several "live chat" discussions to take place in
the new Plebeian chat room will be announced on this list in the next
few days.

Bene gratias.
Valete.

Gn. Tarquinius Caesar
Tribunus Plebis


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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Organizational Suggestion
From:	"Les Peterson" <procopious@-------->
Date:	Wed, 29 Nov 2000 20:06:43 -0800

Lucius Mauricius Procopious Quiritubus SPD

While we are discussing finances I would like to expand on the comments of
Secunda Cornelia Valeria concerning our ability to accept charitable
contributions. I have begun researching how to solicit funds, and am
considering a grant writing course in a couple of months. I would like to
work in this manner on behalf of Nova Roma. How do I go about getting
"authorization"? Do we want solicitation of charitable contributions on
behalf of Nova Roma? Might it be appropriate to form a sodality dedicated to
obtaining funding for Nova Roma? (Sodalitas Moneta?) Any info or guidance
would be greatly appreciated.

----- Original Message -----
From: "Veronica Moeller" <VMoeller@-------->
To: <novaroma@-------->
Sent: Tuesday, November 28, 2000 10:44 AM
Subject: [novaroma] Organizational Suggestion


> Salvete:
>
> I am Secunda Cornelia Valeria and I wish to address the
> citizens and Senate of Nova Roma regarding the issue of taxation and
> accountability of all funds. I speak with the experience of over 12
> years as the chief executive officer of two non-profit corporations
> in the U.S. and in my current position as the Director of Development
> for an Indian Nation in North America.
> I am in favor of taxes for Nova Roma. In order to grow there
> must be resources. And, I also believe that full accountability must
> be built into any system that we elect to adopt. My organizational
> suggestion is that an office of account custodian be developed. This
> position would be filled by appointing a citizen to be the custodian
> of the bank account. Similiar in function to a Secretary of the
> Treasury, or Chancellor of the Exchequer the custodian would basicly
> serve as the day to day business contact person for Nova Roma (L.
> Cornelius Sulla calls this person a Tribune Aerii)(also note that
> this person would not be elected but should be appointed by the
> senate each year). I agree with N. Moravius Vado in that a committee
> of three senators should have oversight of the financial records. I
> would suggest that the committee should also have oversight of the
> Tribune Aerii. One of them - or a Consul - should be designated as a
> co-signer of any check authorized. This, to me, appears that we can
> establish the continuity needed for the Treasury. Continuity will
> allow for quicker responses to senatorial and citizen queries about
> financing contemplated projects. The preferred delegation of
> accountability will work as follows and flow downward: Citizens to
> Senate to Consul to Tribune Aerii.
>
> Lucius Aetius Dalmaticus advises us regarding the issues of
> CPAs and audits. His is very sound advice. My experience has been
> that any non-profit should have a yearly audit. This proves to
> prospective donors that the non-profit is well managed. Also, most
> donors will require an examination of the audit when considering
> making a contribution. [And, make no mistake about it: Nova Roma
> should be able to qualify to accept grants and gifts from
> philanthrophy's and individuals if the IRS approves our application
> for non-profit status.] Nova Roma should retain a Certified Public
> Accounting Firm in order to perform a yearly audit. I also suggest
> that the CPA firm include completion of the IRS form 990 (Return of
> Organization Exempt from Income Tax)in their bid to perform the
> audit. The same firm should conduct the audit from year to year. Can
> we trust the CPA firm? Yes. In the U.S. CPA firms face considerable
> punitive measures if they obfuscate or beguile in any manner.
>
> So how do we conduct banking affairs? I suggest that we open a
> Business account with a major national bank such as Wachovia or Bank
> of America (Bank of America calls their service "Business Connect").
> The major banks have services whereby they will pay all the bills we
> authorize them to pay. The Tribune Aerii would submit a bill for
> payment and provide an authorization number while the co-signing
> Consul would approve the transaction. The example I use to illustrate
> this is: the Tribune Aerii (who may be located in Baltimore) will
> request that the Senate approve the payment of a bill incurred by a
> Senator in New Hamphshire; The Senate would either approve or deny
> the expense. If approved the Tribune will ask that the bank
> automatically deposit the approved amount of money into the account
> of the person incurring the expense, or the business to whom the
> money is owed, signing with their PIN, the transaction would need to
> be co-signed by the Consul through the use of another PIN.
>
> Senator N. Moravius Vado in his address of 23 November offers
> excellent organizational solutions. I agree with his points about the
> budget (talking point one); Establishment of a central Bank account
> (Talking point four); Designating a Quaestor (talking point five);
> the Senate Committee (talking point six); and the idea of a yearly
> audit (talking point eight). I believe that collection of taxes
> should be centralized. I believe that we can establish an electronic
> manner of payment through account debiting, or credit card
> transactions. For those who cannot pay by electronic means we can
> still accept the snail mail method.
>
> Complications arise in how we handle the operations of the
> provinces. I suggest that provincial budgets be prepared by the
> Propraetors and approved by the Senate on a yearly basis. They (the
> Propraetor) and the Tribune Aerii would work together to pay all the
> expenses approved by the senate for the province.
>
> The last suggestion I would offer is that a Committee of three
> or four be commissioned by the Senate to research, and offer a model
> for taxation and financial operations from all the models, ideas, and
> suggestions offered by everyone to date.
>
> I hope that I have offered only a valid commentary to you the
> Senate and my fellow citizens. If I have bored you that is my fault
> for not being articulate enough. I seek only to serve Nova Roma. In
> her service I am,
>
> ---Secunda Cornelia Valeria
>
>
>
>
>
>
>


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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Candidacy for Quaestor
From:	<gmvick32@-------->
Date:	Wed, 29 Nov 2000 21:21:10 -0700

Salvete, Quirites:

Let me just take this opportunity to write in endorsement of
Lucilla Cornelia Cinna as a candidate for quaestor.

I offer this endorsement on the grounds of the work that she
has performed for me in support of my role as Retarius for
the Sodalitas Egressus. In fact, it is Lucilla, as de facto
Retarius pro tempore for Egressus, who is doing the work of
building a website for Egressus, and she has exercised such
office diligently to date. We expect to be in a position
soon to show Nova Roma the fruits of her labour.

I also add to this endorsement a humble recognition of
Lucilla's exemplary knowledge of ancient Roman history,
culture and language. Her knowledge far outweighs mine, and
she has exhibited unfailingly her true Romanitas.

I also note that, as she is in Europe, as we progress on
matters of the Treasury, it will be a great benefit to Nova
Roma to have an elected quaestor in Europe.

Vale,
Livia Cornelia Aurelia
Retarius to the Junior Consul

Lucilla Cinna wrote:

> I, Lucilla Cornelia Cinna, stand before you wearing the
> white stola, and announce that I wish to stand for
> election as Quaestor.
>
> Although I am really fresh to NR my wish to serve the
> community is strong.
>
> So far I serve as Scriba for my sister Livia Cornelia
> Aurelia, Propraetrix of America Austroccidentalis, working
> as Retaria pro tempore.
>
> I am as well active in the Sodalitas Egressus and the
> Musarum.
>
> All of last year, I have been working in the managing
> committee of a German association - this might recommend
> me for the position of a Quaestor as well.
>
> Avete atque valete
>
> Lucilla Cornelia Cinna
>
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
> eGroups Sponsor
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>


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Subject:	[novaroma] Re: Organizational Suggestion
From:	"pjane@-------- " <pjane@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 04:18:51 -0000

> I have begun researching how to solicit funds, and am
> considering a grant writing course in a couple of months. I would
like to
> work in this manner on behalf of Nova Roma.

What a generous offer, Lucius Mauricius! We haven't currently
instituted a program of solicitation, in part because we haven't yet
been granted tax-exempt status in the U.S. (The IRS says it will rule
on our application by mid-March.)

Also, we haven't yet agreed on a course of charitable works which
would justify such a fund-raising effort.

One thing we do need is more members like you, with good ideas and
expertise to contribute. So though it's not directly related, you
might consider volunteering your efforts to the Sodalitas Egressus,
our version of a membership committee. (Could one of the Egressi post
information on joining?)

Patricia Cassia


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Subject:	[novaroma] Candidate for Consul
From:	cassius622@--------
Date:	Wed, 29 Nov 2000 23:21:06 EST

Salvete Omnes,

I stand before you, wearing a slightly surprised expression and the White
Toga of candidacy, to declare myself for the office of Consul of Nova Roma.

The decision to run has not come easily. As a cofounder of Nova Roma I have
already held the Consulship once, during the founding year. I hold the
position of Pontifex Maximus currently, and am a Senator. While these things
prove my willingness to work on behalf of Nova Roma, they might also be seen
as a detriment to those wishing to see more new faces in the political scene
of our micronation.

Several friends have asked me to stand for Consul for the coming year, but
outside encouragement didn't seem reason enough. Then, unexpected changes in
my job situation freed up enough time to make holding such an office possible
- but having the time to spend is not necessarily a reason to up take an
office.

What finally caused me to run was the simple fact that Nova Roma is still in
its foundational stage, and that the work of establishing Nova Roma is not
yet complete. We have yet to reach many of the goals which were the reasons
for establishing Nova Roma in the first place. I believe that I can help this
building process for another year before the burden is taken up and carried
on by others.

Nova Roma has had phenomenal success so far. From nothing but a dream a
working nation has been built. Yet there is so much more that is possible!

If elected to the position of Consul, I pledge to continue building and
refining the infrastructure of Nova Roma. My goals include issues such as the
creation of a fair and understandable legal system which protects not only
the integrity of Nova Roma but also the rights of the Citizens, refining our
budget and monetary system, and starting charity and educational projects.

This is a statement of candidacy only, so I will go into specific issues in
future posts. I will also do my best to present my ideas in other forums,
such as live chats and debates with other candidates if that is possible.

I of course ask the Citizens of Nova Roma to allow me to work on behalf of
Nova Roma as Consul. Yet I also call for other candidates to step forward for
ALL positions coming up for election... and have sincere hopes that those
voting this year will become involved in the process as well through public
debate. May the Gods favor Nova Roma during the coming Elections!

Valete,

Marcus Cassius Julianus
Candidate for Consul




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Candidacy for Praetor Urbanus
From:	<gmvick32@-------->
Date:	Wed, 29 Nov 2000 21:29:04 -0700

Salvete, Quirites:

Let me just take this opportunity to write in endorsement of
Caius Flavius Diocletianus as a candidate for quaestor.

I offer this endorsement on the grounds of the work that he
has performed for me in support of my role as Retarius for
the Sodalitas Militarium. In fact, it is Caius, as de facto
Retarius pro tempore for Militarium, who is doing the work
of building a website for Militarium, and he has gone above
and beyond duty to date, including indulging the whims of
his "boss" (me) in thinking she's a graphic designer. We
expect to be in a position soon to show Nova Roma the fruits
of her labour.

The work Diocletianus has done for me is a fraction of the
work he does for other causes. He is quite active and
dedicated in his service to Nova Roma. I believe he would
serve any position well.

Vale,
Livia Cornelia Aurelia
Retarius to the Junior Consul


Caius Flavius Diocletianus wrote:

> Caius Flavius Diocletianus Quiritibus S.P.D.
>
> Standing before you today, I offer my services as Praetor
> Urbanus for
> the upcoming year to the Senate and the People of Rome.
>
> I serve Nova Roma as Legatus Germaniae since June 2753
> AUC. As Legatus
> Germaniae, one maior project was the improvement of
> Germania´s
> provincial infrastructure. For this purpose the Germania
> Website was
> developed which is now one of the maior provincial
> websites in our
> Republic.
>
> I´m am member of the Sodalitas Militarium, serving there
> as Retarius pro
> Tempore, and the Sodalitas Egressus.
>
> In my real-life-job as a high-ranking official in a city
> government I
> collected much experiences and knowledge in public
> administration. If
> you allow, I will bring in these experiences for the
> benefit of our Res
> Publica.
>
> All citizens interested in my person, my qualifications,
> political views
> and opinions are invited to mail me directly at
> 3s@--------, or to
> visit my Candidates Page at
> www.diocletian.de/elect/diocletianus/.
>
> Valete
> Caius Flavius Diocletianus
>
> eGroups Sponsor
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Subject:	[novaroma] Endorsement of Consular Candidate
From:	"Pompeia Cornelia" <scriba_forum@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 06:31:38 -0000

Salvete Omnii Nova Roma:

I am very pleased that our Pontifex Maximus, Marcus Cassius Iulianus has
chosen to stand for the office of Consul.

I don't have to see a long list of potential candidates before I can say
that, in my most objective appraisal, I feel that he is most worthy of the
chair.

I have, throughout the year, conversed with Marcus Cassius. I have been
touched by his gifted diplomacy, and his sincere display of Roman virtue, in
his posts to the Forum, his conversation and his actions.

I have met the Pontifex and his wife, Patricia Cassia personally. We had
the opportunity to share and celebrate Romanitas this past June at Roman
Days. It was a memorable visit, and needless to say, enjoyable.

Marcus Cassius displays a genuine interest in Nova Roma and her ideals, and
he displays genuine interest in her citizens. He and Patricia Cassia attend
many events to promote Nova Roma and the celebration of the Roman Culture we
so lovingly embrace.

As Pontifex Maximus, he promotes spirituality to the Republic, and has a
gifted ability to reach out benevolently to those of other faiths in a
spiritual, meaningful way. Indeed, he is not just "religous", he is
"spiritual"...another gift he posesses.

I do not hesitate for a moment to give him my full support in his request
for the position of Consul Nova Roma.

Ave Marcus Cassius Iulianus!
Ave Nova Roma!

Fides
Pompeia Cornelia Strabo








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Subject:	[novaroma] First Edicta of America Austroccidentalis
From:	<gmvick32@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 01:37:20 -0700

At the pleasure of the quirities of America
Austroccidentalis, I, Livia Cornelia Aurelia, do issue this
the first edicta of my tenure as Propraetrix of America
Austroccidentalis.

The purpose of this edicta is to join the provinces of
Pannonia, Germania, Italia, and Brittania in the adoption of
the Limes Co-operation. Americ Austroccidentalis is the
first province outside of Europe to join in the Limes
Co-operation. This is a notable occasion for all
participating provincae.

Done this 29th day of November, 2000, in the consulship of
Quintus Fabius Maximus and Marcus Minucius Audens.

In service,
Livia Cornelia Aurelia, Propraetrix


EX DOMO PROPRAETORIS AMERICA AUSTROCCIDENTALIS

Propraetorial Edict for the Limes Co-operation
Project

I. A co-operation between the provinces of
Pannonia,
Germania, Italia, Britannia, AND AMERICA
AUSTROCCIDENTALIS
is hereby established.

II. The co-operation is not restricted in its
scope of
application but shall cover in particular the
following
fields: a) Provincial infrastructure (e.g.
website
development) b) Development of common
provincial
administrative standards c) Organisation of
conferences and
meetings d) Co-ordination of research projects
of common
interest

III. The co-operation shall be implemented by
all means
necessary and available in an
internet-environment. In
particular a restricted e-mail-list shall be
established for
this purpose. Its moderator (scriba) being
Legatus Germaniae
Caius Flavius Diocletianus.

IV. The co-operation is open to all provinces
of Nova Roma
which have been established by Senatus
Consultum. The
respective provincial governor may join the
co-operation by
enactment of an edictum making the
co-operation applicable
in the respective province.

V. Any disputes arising out of the
co-operation shall be
settled by way of mediation. A mediator has to
be agreed
upon by all affected governors.


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Subject:	[novaroma] Second Edicta of America Austroccidentalis
From:	<gmvick32@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 01:45:11 -0700

At the pleasure of the quirities of America
Austroccidentalis, I, Livia Cornelia Aurelia, do issue this
the second edicta of my tenure as Propraetrix of America
Austroccidentalis.

The purpose of this edicta is to designate "territories"
inside the province for purposes of managing provincial
administration with the minimum number of provincial
officials for efficiency. The designation of these
territories is for the purposes of organizing my
administration and are not intended to be recognized
officially outside the province.

Done this 29th day of November, 2000, in the consulship of
Quintus Fabius Maximus and Marcus Minucius Audens.

In service,
Livia Cornelia Aurelia, Propraetrix

EX DOMO PROPRAETORIS AMERICA AUSTROCCIDENTALIS

Propraetorial Edict for the Establishment of Territories
Inside America Austroccidentalis

GIVEN: The provincia America Austroccidentalis as
established by Senatus Consultum of Nova Roma includes the
U.S. states of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma,
Texas, and Utah; and covers a wide territory covering the
southwestern U.S., covering a total 751,498 sq miles
(1,948,445 sq kilometers);

I: The Provincia America Austroccidentalis be considered to
include three territorial regions for purposes of fostering
local Nova Roma presence and identity on a
territory-by-territory basis and for ease of administrative
oversight of the province as a whole. These territories
will be the base unit of administration for the province.

II: The territories comprising America Austroccidentalis be
henceforth identified as follows:
- Austroccidentalis Magna Fossae (Regios of Arizona and Utah
- 195,810 sq mi./509,216 sq. km.)
- Austroccidentalis Mons Petrosus (Regios of Colorado and
New Mexico - 225,095 sq. mi./582,994 sq. km.)
- Austroccidentalis Solus Astrum (Regios of Texas and
Oklahoma - 330,593 sq. mi./856,235 sq. km.)


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Subject:	[novaroma] Third Edicta of America Austroccidentalis
From:	<gmvick32@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 01:52:47 -0700

At the pleasure of the quirities of America
Austroccidentalis, I, Livia Cornelia Aurelia, do issue this
the first edicta of my tenure as Propraetrix of America
Austroccidentalis.

The purpose of this edicta is to provide specifically for
the administration of territories established informally
inside the province and does not encompass the sum of
administrative positions that may be appointed in America
Austroccidentalis.

Done this 29th day of November, 2000, in the consulship of
Quintus Fabius Maximus and Marcus Minucius Audens.

In service,
Livia Cornelia Aurelia, Propraetrix

EX DOMO PROPRAETORIS AMERICA AUSTROCCIDENTALIS

Propraetorial Edict for the Administration of Territories
Inside America Austroccidentalis

GIVEN: That territories inside America Austroccidentalis
have been established to foster local Nova Roma presence and
identity on a territory-by-territory basis and for ease of
administrative oversight of the provincia;

I. At least one Legate per territory should be appointed to
assist the office of the Propraetor. The appointment and
continuance in office of Legates is entirely at the
discretion of the Propraetor. Legates are administrative
aides to the Propraetor with specific focus on the needs of
their appointed territory.

II. Any cive wishing to stand for a Legateship may petition
the office of the Propraetor with a statement of their
qualifications and interest in serving the province in an
official capacity. The Propraetor may also invite cives to
petition for a Legateship. The following conditions must be
met for any cive to be considered as Legate:
a) The candidate must be a citizen of Nova Roma;
b) The candidate must reside at the time of appointment in
Provincia America Austroccidentalis; and
c) The candidate must demonstrate a willingness and
capability to be of service to Nova Roma for an extended
period of time, such as a year or at the discretion of the
Propraetor.

III. In the event that more than one Legate per territory
is appointed, there should be one Legate residing in each
regio comprising the territory before multiple Legates
residing in the same regio are appointed. This provision
may be waived for good cause by petition made to the
Propraetor from any provincial cives and agreed to by a
simple majority vote of the Legates then appointed plus the
Propraetor.

IV: The following procedures will apply if a Legate moves
outside their initial regio during their Legateship:
a) If an appointed Legate moves from one regio in their
territory to the other, or between territories, the
Propraetor with consultation to all standing Legates will
determine how best to shift responsibilities to accomodate
the needs of the province, but the Legate who moved will not
be terminated from a Legateship on the basis of relocation
inside the province; or
b) If an appointed Legate moves outside the province during
their Legateship, their Legateship may be terminated with
honor after a period of six months at the discretion of the
Propraetor in consultation with the standing Legates.


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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Organizational Suggestion
From:	Jeff Smith <JSmithCSA@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 03:28:35 -0800 (PST)

At the end of a thorough analysis of taxation that
educated me, even after several years of experience in
the field, Veronica Moeller <VMoeller@--------> wrote:

> The last suggestion I would offer is that a
> Committee of three
> or four be commissioned by the Senate to research,
> and offer a model
> for taxation and financial operations from all the
> models, ideas, and
> suggestions offered by everyone to date.

Excellent idea. I would be willing to serve on such
an investigatory committee, so long as it does not
conflict with my duties as Rogator. I have several
years of experience as a local and regional officer in
fraternal and organizations such as the SCA, and am
now a member of the Grand Council of the SCA,
additionally, I have in a past assignment in the Army
auditted private organizations -- I feel this
experience may be relevant.

> I hope that I have offered only a valid
> commentary to you the
> Senate and my fellow citizens. If I have bored you
> that is my fault
> for not being articulate enough. I seek only to
> serve Nova Roma. In
> her service I am,

This was one of the best written posts I've read in a
long time. Thank you for the education and analysis!

Lucius Aetius Dalmaticus

=====
LTC JEFFREY C. SMITH
HQ USAREUR/7A
CMR 420, BOX 2839
APO AE 09063-2839

"Statistics show that married men live longer than single men, but they are more willing to die." -- Anonymous

__________________________________________________
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Subject:	[novaroma] Endorsement of Marcus Cassius Iulianus + personal declaration about candidacy
From:	"Antonio Grilo" <amg@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 11:34:59 -0800

Salvete cives

I'm here to manifest my complete support to Marcus Cassius Iulianus, who
stands for Consul.

I admire Marcus Cassius Iulianus for his always moderate opinions but mainly
for his sense of Romanitas.
Marcus Cassius Iulianus is the right man to continue the work of Q. Fabius
Maximus and M. Minucius Audens (may the Gods perpetuate their memory). Once
the rules for the Rogatores are approved by the Senate, I'm confident that
there will be conditions to call the Comitia more often. While I have not
spoken with Cassius, I trust that Marcus Cassius Iulianus is the man to
finally start that tradition in Nova Roma, while retaining the traditional
system of Comitia defined by our ancestors - unlike a New-Athenian model
that a so called "group of friends" wants to impose for obscure reasons,
which can only be partly understood by those who read Cicero's speeches
against Clodius.

Also, all of you know Marcus Cassius Iulianus both as a founder of Nova Roma
and - as Pontifex Maximus - a major promoter of household worship in Nova
Roma.

Ave Marcus Cassius Iulianus!

I also would like to state that I'm not running for office this year. While
continuing to participate in the Senate, I plan to devote next year's
activity to the study and promotion of the Religio Romana and the
organisation of the Sodalitas Cultorum Mithrae. Of course, my religious
postings will continue and even improve as this will be the second year.
Moreover, I need to devote more time to the development of Provincia
Lusitania, increasing the Website and including more historical info as
required to become a major center of resources for the research of the Roman
presence in Portugal.

Valete omnes
Antonius Gryllus Graecus
Pontifex, Senator, Magistratus, Civis


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Subject:	[novaroma] M. Apollonius Formosanus Candidatus Praetorius
From:	"M. Apollonius Formosanus III" <bvm3@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 13:20:07 +0200

M. Apollonius Formosanus Quirites Omnes S.P.D.


I, Marcus Apollonius Formosanus, stand before you today in toga
candidata, to request your votes for the office of Praetor
Urbanus of Nova Roma. As a private citizen I have done my best to strive
for iustitia and for the rights of the common civis of Nova Roma; now I
wish as a Praetor of our Res Publica to continue to work for iustitia on
an official basis, and to work for the protection of every citizen
through well-founded law.

Programme:

Our praetores are responsible for legal matters in Nova Roma. I as
Praetor wish to preside over a throrough reworking and development of
our court systems so that they will be impartial and non-political. I
also wish to work in conjunction with the best legal minds among us to
put in place an improved code of laws, which should include explicit
protections of civil rights and the dignitas of the individual, as well
as authentic Roman procedures, duely updated for our needs, in order to
make civil actions available to right wrongs between citizens in an
orderly and dignified fashion. This is an idea whose time has come in
Nova Roma, and I look forth to collaboration with other magistrates, the
Senate and the People in accomplishing these tasks.

________________
Accomplishments and Positions in Nova Roma

Paterfamilias Gentis Apolloniae
Moderator (president) of the Societas Latinitatis
Praeceptor (educational officer) of the Societas Latinitatis
Principal author of the Regula (constitution) of the Sodalitas Musarum
(Senate approval pending)
Scriba Censorius to Senior Censor L. Cornelius Sulla Felix
Member of the Sodalitas Egressús, for which I have officially
represented Nova Roma publicly at the Seminarium Opoliense II
Applicant for the position of Sacerdos of Minerva (past and future)
Candidate for leadership of the Collegium Polyhymniae, following Senate
Approval
Amicus Dignitatis

I have also been an active contributor on the NovaRomaLaws List.

____________________
Educatio et Munera (Education and Employment)

B.A. from the University of Pittsburgh in the self-designed major: The
Comparative Intercultural Philosophy of Asian and Other
World Cultures
Four years of additional post-graduate studies at Colorado State
University and the University of Hawai'i (Comparative
Intercultural Philosophy)
Additional studies of Chinese, Taiwanese and Japanese, Tung-hai
University, Taiwan
Zertifikat Deutsch als Fremdsprache, Goethe Insitute, T'ai-pei
Presently enrolled in the Interlinguistics and Ethnolinguistics
Programmes of Adam Mickiewicz University

____________________
Munera (Employment)

Full-time Lecturer in the Linguistics Institute of Adam Mickiewicz
University (teaching English, Latin, Esperanto, Classical
Chinese)
Instructor, Teachers' Training Centre (associated with the University of
Opole) (teaching English, British Civilisation and Culture, and British
History)
Director, One World Language Institute (a private school of foreign
languages)

____________________
Associationes extra Novam Romam (Associations outside Nova Roma)

President, Universal Taoist Studies League, Esperantist (Universala
Tao-Stud-Ligo Esperantista)
Treasurer, Association Internationale d'Étude des Enseignements
Spirituels et Théologiques
Fellow of the International College of L'Accademia Internazionale delle
Scienze (AIS) San Marino

I look forward to your support, Quirites, to serve you and serve
Nova Roma.

Vivat Nova Roma Libera et Iusta!




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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] M. Apollonius Formosanus Candidatus Praetorius
From:	Lucius Cornelius Sulla <alexious@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 04:05:41 -0800

Ave,

Why have you started at the Praetor Position and not as Quaestor? The Path
of honor starts at Quaestor, care to answer why you are skipping that
position?

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix


"M. Apollonius Formosanus III" wrote:

> M. Apollonius Formosanus Quirites Omnes S.P.D.
>
> I, Marcus Apollonius Formosanus, stand before you today in toga
> candidata, to request your votes for the office of Praetor
> Urbanus of Nova Roma. As a private citizen I have done my best to strive
> for iustitia and for the rights of the common civis of Nova Roma; now I
> wish as a Praetor of our Res Publica to continue to work for iustitia on
> an official basis, and to work for the protection of every citizen
> through well-founded law.
>
> Programme:
>
> Our praetores are responsible for legal matters in Nova Roma. I as
> Praetor wish to preside over a throrough reworking and development of
> our court systems so that they will be impartial and non-political. I
> also wish to work in conjunction with the best legal minds among us to
> put in place an improved code of laws, which should include explicit
> protections of civil rights and the dignitas of the individual, as well
> as authentic Roman procedures, duely updated for our needs, in order to
> make civil actions available to right wrongs between citizens in an
> orderly and dignified fashion. This is an idea whose time has come in
> Nova Roma, and I look forth to collaboration with other magistrates, the
> Senate and the People in accomplishing these tasks.
>
> ________________
> Accomplishments and Positions in Nova Roma
>
> Paterfamilias Gentis Apolloniae
> Moderator (president) of the Societas Latinitatis
> Praeceptor (educational officer) of the Societas Latinitatis
> Principal author of the Regula (constitution) of the Sodalitas Musarum
> (Senate approval pending)
> Scriba Censorius to Senior Censor L. Cornelius Sulla Felix
> Member of the Sodalitas Egressús, for which I have officially
> represented Nova Roma publicly at the Seminarium Opoliense II
> Applicant for the position of Sacerdos of Minerva (past and future)
> Candidate for leadership of the Collegium Polyhymniae, following Senate
> Approval
> Amicus Dignitatis
>
> I have also been an active contributor on the NovaRomaLaws List.
>
> ____________________
> Educatio et Munera (Education and Employment)
>
> B.A. from the University of Pittsburgh in the self-designed major: The
> Comparative Intercultural Philosophy of Asian and Other
> World Cultures
> Four years of additional post-graduate studies at Colorado State
> University and the University of Hawai'i (Comparative
> Intercultural Philosophy)
> Additional studies of Chinese, Taiwanese and Japanese, Tung-hai
> University, Taiwan
> Zertifikat Deutsch als Fremdsprache, Goethe Insitute, T'ai-pei
> Presently enrolled in the Interlinguistics and Ethnolinguistics
> Programmes of Adam Mickiewicz University
>
> ____________________
> Munera (Employment)
>
> Full-time Lecturer in the Linguistics Institute of Adam Mickiewicz
> University (teaching English, Latin, Esperanto, Classical
> Chinese)
> Instructor, Teachers' Training Centre (associated with the University of
> Opole) (teaching English, British Civilisation and Culture, and British
> History)
> Director, One World Language Institute (a private school of foreign
> languages)
>
> ____________________
> Associationes extra Novam Romam (Associations outside Nova Roma)
>
> President, Universal Taoist Studies League, Esperantist (Universala
> Tao-Stud-Ligo Esperantista)
> Treasurer, Association Internationale d'Étude des Enseignements
> Spirituels et Théologiques
> Fellow of the International College of L'Accademia Internazionale delle
> Scienze (AIS) San Marino
>
> I look forward to your support, Quirites, to serve you and serve
> Nova Roma.
>
> Vivat Nova Roma Libera et Iusta!
>


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Subject:	[novaroma] Flavius Vedius Germanicus dons the Toga Candidata
From:	"Flavius Vedius Germanicus" <germanicus@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 08:44:32 -0500

Salvete Omnes;

After long and careful consideration, at the urging of many of my friends
and colleagues within Nova Roma, and with the support of my loving wife, I
have decided to don the toga candidata and announce my intention to run for
the office of Consul.

I think that all here know my record of service to our fair Republic. I was
one of its founders, have served as both Consul and Censor, currently serve
as Proconsul of the Mid-Atlantic Provincium, and am honored to count myself
a member of both the Senate and the Collegium Augurum. I am intimately
familiar with the Constitution and laws of Nova Roma, having written much of
it myself after being selected for the singular honor of serving in the
office of Dictator last year.

Many of you know that I have been in a state of semi-retirement since my
tenure as Dictator, removing myself both from the business of the Senate and
the public at-large because of myriad personal reasons. However, while I
have not often expressed myself, I have been keeping an ear to the ground,
so to speak, and feel that my return to public life is both warranted and
necessary. My personal situation has also changed so that I now have much
more time to devote to Nova Roma. I offer myself as a candidate for office
because I believe Nova Roma can make use of my talents and experience, and I
have always been willing to place myself at Her disposal when called upon to
do so.

I stand for the office of Consul for many reasons.

I believe that too much emphasis has been placed on the Senate, and not
enough upon the Comitiae. The Senate is by tradition a body which should
guide, rather than govern. Too many matters have been placed before the
Senate that should rightly have been placed before the People. Too many
Senatus Consultae have been passed, and far too few Leges. As Consul, I
would reverse that trend by proposing Leges to the various Assemblies where
they are warranted, and making sure that the Citizens remain informed on the
issues.

I believe that our civil law system has gone neglected for far too long.
While there are movements currently afoot to rectify this, I would use the
powers of the office of Consul to facilitate and expedite the process, in
conjunction with those individuals whom the Citizens select to serve in the
capacity of Praetor.

I believe we have been turned in upon ourselves for far too long. At the
founding of our micronation, we entertained dreams of sponsoring
archaeological digs, establishing grants and scholarships, and becoming a
force for the furtherance of Classical studies in the world. As Consul, I
will move to make those dreams reality, encouraging more interaction with
the world outside Nova Roma.

I believe in a strict adherence to the traditions of Roma Antiqua. The whole
point of the founding of Nova Roma was to recreate the society and
institutions of the Roman Republic. If elected Consul I shall ever look to
our spiritual forefathers for inspiration, so that we may come ever closer
to our goal of understanding the ancient Romans by emulating them.

My apologies for being so long-winded, as is sometimes my wont, and I fear
you'll be hearing a lot more from me in the coming weeks. I thank all of you
for your attention and support, and vow that together we will continue to
help Nova Roma grow into the nation we all know it can and should be.

Valete,

Flavius Vedius Germanicus


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Subject:	[novaroma] Candidacy for Quaestor
From:	"Veronica Moeller" <VMoeller@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 15:25:59 -0000

Ave,

I, Secunda Cornelia Valeria, don the white stola and stand
before you as a candidate for Quaestor. I have over twelve years of
management experience as the director of non-profit agencies. I also
am a seasoned development officer (grant writer and fund raiser). I
bring experience in financial operations to our Res Publica and, most
importantly, a sense of duty to the restoration of a sense of
Romanitas.

Our Res Publica will embark upon a momentous year soon. I
foresee tremendous growth, and development in membership, government,
and the Treasury. I can assist in the organization of the Aerarium
Saturni - and with tutelage and knowledge from the honorable Patricia
Cassia (with whom I would wish to serve) the Senate, Consuls, and
Citizens of Nova Roma will see their resources well managed and
accounted for.

My goals for the office of Quaestor are articulated below:
1. To develop and recommend to the Senate and cives, a
proposed system of Taxation that will serve the needs of Nova Roma.
2. To develop an accounting system that will provide for the
controls each non-profit (organized under IRS code 501 (c) (3)) must
operate within.
3. To seek the establishment of a comitia of Tribune Aeraii
that will have responsibility for external (outside the realm of Nova
Roma) fund raising for Nova Roma.

I welcome all questions regarding these goals. If chosen to
serve I shall seek your counsel, prayers, support, and your dreams
for what our Res Publica can be. I pledge you my honor, honesty, and
expertise.

I humbly ask for your assent. In the service of Nova Roma, I am,

Secunda Cornelia Valeria


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Subject:	RE: [novaroma] Candidacy for Quaestor
From:	"Flavius Vedius Germanicus" <germanicus@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 10:42:28 -0500

Salve;

I must say you seem like a more than fully qualified candidate for the
office. I thank you for offering to place your talents in the service of our
Republic. Your specific skills are ones I think will be of great importance
in the coming year. You most certainly have my vote.

Vale,

Flavius Vedius Germanicus,
Candidate for Consul

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Veronica Moeller [mailto:VMoeller@--------]
> Sent: Thursday, November 30, 2000 10:26 AM
> To: novaroma@--------
> Subject: [novaroma] Candidacy for Quaestor
>
>
> Ave,
>
> I, Secunda Cornelia Valeria, don the white stola and stand
> before you as a candidate for Quaestor. I have over twelve years of
> management experience as the director of non-profit agencies. I also
> am a seasoned development officer (grant writer and fund raiser). I
> bring experience in financial operations to our Res Publica and, most
> importantly, a sense of duty to the restoration of a sense of
> Romanitas.
>
> Our Res Publica will embark upon a momentous year soon. I
> foresee tremendous growth, and development in membership, government,
> and the Treasury. I can assist in the organization of the Aerarium
> Saturni - and with tutelage and knowledge from the honorable Patricia
> Cassia (with whom I would wish to serve) the Senate, Consuls, and
> Citizens of Nova Roma will see their resources well managed and
> accounted for.
>
> My goals for the office of Quaestor are articulated below:
> 1. To develop and recommend to the Senate and cives, a
> proposed system of Taxation that will serve the needs of Nova Roma.
> 2. To develop an accounting system that will provide for the
> controls each non-profit (organized under IRS code 501 (c) (3)) must
> operate within.
> 3. To seek the establishment of a comitia of Tribune Aeraii
> that will have responsibility for external (outside the realm of Nova
> Roma) fund raising for Nova Roma.
>
> I welcome all questions regarding these goals. If chosen to
> serve I shall seek your counsel, prayers, support, and your dreams
> for what our Res Publica can be. I pledge you my honor, honesty, and
> expertise.
>
> I humbly ask for your assent. In the service of Nova Roma, I am,
>
> Secunda Cornelia Valeria


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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Candidate for Consul
From:	"George VanDeWater" <vandewge@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 10:14:22 -0700

eGroups Sponsor
Salvete Omnii Nova Roma,
I hereby announce my complete support for Marcus Cassius Iulianus, who stands for Counsul.
Marcus Cassius Iulianus is the natural choice to continue the work of nobel Q. Fabius Maximus (may the gods always walk beside him). He has always been the moderate voice in a sea of political turbulance.

His history of service to the civies of Nova Roma goes unchallenged. As Pontifex Maximus he has promeoted spiritual growth in the republic.

I pledge the full support of myself and my gens to his canidacy for the position of Consul Nova roma.

Gaius Africanus Secundus Germanicus


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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Subject:	[novaroma] Ave Consul Flavi Vedi Germanice!
From:	"Antonio Grilo" <amg@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 17:30:06 -0800

Salvete omnes

Nova Roma has passed through difficult times during the Civil Wars of the
past. Flavius Vedius Germanicus was the saviour of Nova Roma, being the man
who wrote the present Constitution. I have supported him while he was
Dictator and support him now too.

Ave Respublica! Ave Roma! Ave Consul Marce Cassi Iuliani! Ave Consul Flavi
Vedi Germanice!

Antonius Gryllus Graecus
Pontifex, Senator, Magistratus, Civis


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Subject:	Tut-tut (was: re: [novaroma] M. Apollonius Formosanus Candidatus Praetorius)
From:	"S. Apollonius Draco" <hendrik.meuleman@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 18:33:24 +0100

Excuse me everyone, this should have gone to the main list.

> Salvete omnes,
>
> Dixit Censor Sulla in responso pater Apollonio Formosanu:
>
> > Ave,
> >
> > Why have you started at the Praetor Position and not as Quaestor? The
> Path
> > of honor starts at Quaestor, care to answer why you are skipping that
> > position?
> >
> > Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
>
> Please care to answer why you are still here, even though you said that
you
> were leaving? I would appreciate it if you pursued your vendettas
elsewhere.
> This is an irrelevant question where your hate for my pater shines
through.
> I do need to remind you that the path of honour *actually* starts with
> Aedilis, and not Quaestor. Furthermore, this path of honour is not law nor
> custom over here. Many candidates are also running for the first time, I
> believe, or have skipped certain positions - and they aren't running for
> Quaestor!
>
> Valete Quirites,
> Sextus Apollonius Draco
>


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Subject:	[novaroma] VADO FOR CONSUL
From:	"Nicolaus Moravius" <n_moravius@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 17:35:20

Quiritibus salutem

Well, I'm certainly in august company, standing in my toga candida beside
the venerable Proconsuls M. Cassius Iulianus and Fl. Vedius Germanicus.

All three of us appear to be standing for the same things, as I too believe
that our respublica needs a fair and accessible judicial system, sound
budgetary procedures and financial controls, and needs to take her place as
a major worldwide educational and cultural resource. So what's to choose
between us?

Cassius and Germanicus have, of course, done the job before. They are
patricians, who have been here since Quirinus broke the first sod (no,
actually, come to think of it, that was Germanicus). Where we are all now in
Nova Roma is their doing, more than anyone else's - although, as they both
agree, there is much need for improvement.

I am a plebeian, a novus homo, a newcomer to the Senate, who has not
followed the Cursus Honorum - but then, neither have they. However, I have
served our respublica thus far as a provincial legate, consular adviser,
provincial governor and flamen - and shall, the gods willing, continue to do
so.

To add to that, I have 20 years' management experience in the public
service, in three government departments, formulating, interpreting and
implementing policy, analysing and auditing procedures, and generally making
things work (whether I like them or not). This is now at your service, as
much as it has been at the service of my macronation.

One other thing for now: I'm a European (yes - some Brits are Europeans
too!), not a US citizen: a provincial, you might say. I can therefore bring
to the Consulship a different perspective on our now global community and
its needs.

I shall be happy to discuss issues and answer questions in any forum but
would ask you, fellow-candidates and voters alike, to join me for this
purpose at

NR_DignitasForum@--------

NR_DignitasForum-subscribe@--------

Floreat Nova Roma!
Vivat respublica nostra!

N. Moravius Vado.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
Get more from the Web. FREE MSN Explorer download : http://explorer.msn.com


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Subject:	[novaroma] Queastor.wpd
From:	"George VanDeWater" <vandewge@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 10:56:00 -0700

Salvete Omnes Nova Roma,

Today, I put on the White Toga of candidacy and stand before the Civies of Nova Roma to declare myself for the office of Quaestor.

Before the deities of my gens ,Methras or Minerva, I pledge myself to the service of Nova Roma.

My decision to serve the Republic is not new. I have served as Aedile Plebis in the past and have stood for office before. I will be retired as of the first of the new year and feel I have the time and energy to serve faithfully.

I bring to the service of NR, 24 years of leadership and management experience in the military of my country and an additional 15 years as a college administrator. I have served on the board of directors for three non-profit organizations.

Since becoming a citizen in 1998 I have tried to keep abreast of the laws and issues which affect our Republic and where appropriate of added my voice.

Since this is a statement of Candidacy only, I am not addressing specific issues here but will do so in future posting.

I ask the Citizens of Nova Roma to bestow upon me the honor and privilege of serving them as Caster.

Valets,
Gaius Africanus Seconds Germanic


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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Subject:	[novaroma] Candidacy for Vigintisexviri
From:	IuliusCamillus@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 13:42:17 EST

Salvete ~

I stand before the Cives of Nova Roma to announce my intention to stand for
election as Vigintisexviri. I am newer citizen of Nova Roma who has an
intense desire to serve and have begun to become more active in Nova Roma.

My qualifications are:

I am a project manager in a tech company, reposnsible for custome and large
accounts. Have a great deal of experience in budgeting and being on a strict
timeline. Prior to my current employer I served 6 years in the military.
That time gave me extensive management and leadership roles in harsh
conditions and situations. Since joining Nova Roma I have become a member of
the SodalitasMilitarium. I look forward to increasing my participation in
the sodalitas.

I am excited about this opportunity to serve Rome and her cives with dignatus
and honor.

Valete
Quintus Iulius Camillus Caesar

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Subject:	[novaroma] Rogatores
From:	labienus@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 12:44:36 US/Central

T Labienus Omnibus S P D

I am heartened to see so many people--especially so many new people--standing
for election, but I am worried about the lack of candidates for rogator. None
of the current rogatores may stand for election, and so we must have at least a
pair of citizens come forward to fill this extremely important post. I
strongly encourage anyone and everyone to seriously consider performing this
service for the res publica.

Anyone may get an idea of what the job entails by reading the Rogator's
Handbook, which I uploaded to the files area of the novaroma eGroups list
earlier this year.

Valete



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Subject:	[novaroma] ATTN (Religio Romana): Kalendae Decembres (Decemberr 1st)
From:	"Antonio Grilo" <amg@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 18:12:31 -0800

Salvete omnes

The end of November is somewhat of a void in what concerns roman religious
festivals. This is either because there were few festivals during this time
of the year, or because the festivals are undocumented and as such their
memory is lost.
December, the month of Vesta, brings the religious fervour again, and it is
a very important month. The two most important festivals are the Agonalia
Solis Indigitis and - of course - the Saturnalia. After Aurelianus, the
birthday of Sol Invictus (Dies Natalis Solis Invicti) started to be
cellebrated the day after the end of the Saturnalia, i.e. December 25th, and
this date was adopted by the Christians for the birthday of their own God
Jesus Christ, for Christ is the Sun of the Christians.
December corresponds to the sign of Capricornius, the house of planet
Saturnus, which the Sun crosses at this time of the year. December is thus
also the month of Saturnus and Sol, Who some say constitute one and the same
God ;).
But lets finish with this introduction. Tomorrow I will not be here and as
such I'm posting today the religious note for the Kalendae Decembres.

Pax Deorum vobiscum,
Antonius Gryllus Graecus
Pontifex
(Pontifex Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus kindly provided most of the info on
the Kalendae Decembres)

***************************************************
This is one of the dies nefasti (N), a day on which no legal action or
public voting can take place.

This is the day of the Kalendae Decembres. This month is sacred to Vesta.
Today the Pontifices announce the Nonas from the Curia Calabra, after
performing a sacrifice to Iuno,
where Ianus is also invoked. The announcement is performed by a Pontifex
Minor, who,
for December, invokes Iuno Covella on the fifth day of the month:
"Die Quinti te kalo Iuno Covella"
The Regina Sacrorum also sacrifices to Iuno at the Regia.

This is probably the aniversary of a restoration of an earlier altar or
temple of Neptune, of which the dies natalis was on July 23, by a Cn.
Domitius (probably consul of 32 BC). The temple contained a famous group of
statuary by Scopas, representing Neptune, Thetis and others. Its
identification with some remains in Via S. Salvatore in Campos is uncertain.

This is also the aniversary of dedication of the temple of Pietas by the
Circus Flaminiuns, which was probably not the same as that in the nearby
Forum Holitorium, since there is no evidence that the latter was restored
after its destruction by Caesar. It is first mentioned in 91BC when it was
struck by lighting.

Lydus says that worship was also paid to Aphrodite (Venilia?), Amphitrite
(Salacia?) and Eros (Cupid?), but this may be a later development.


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Subject:	[Fwd: Tut-tut (was: re: [novaroma] M. Apollonius Formosanus Candidatus Praetorius)]
From:	Lucius Cornelius Sulla <alexious@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 11:22:50 -0800

This should go on the NR main list. This is my response!

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
Censor et Senator
Consular et Preator Urbanus et Quaestor
Paterfamilias of the Patrician Gens Cornelian

Lucius Cornelius Sulla wrote:

> "S. Apollonius Draco" wrote:
>
> > Salvete omnes,
> >
> > Dixit Censor Sulla in responso pater Apollonio Formosanu:
> >
> > > Ave,
> > >
> > > Why have you started at the Praetor Position and not as Quaestor? The
> > Path
> > > of honor starts at Quaestor, care to answer why you are skipping that
> > > position?
> > >
> > > Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
> >
> > Please care to answer why you are still here, even though you said that you
> > were leaving? I would appreciate it if you pursued your vendettas elsewhere.
> > This is an irrelevant question where your hate for my pater shines through.
> > I do need to remind you that the path of honour *actually* starts with
> > Aedilis, and not Quaestor. Furthermore, this path of honour is not law nor
> > custom over here. Many candidates are also running for the first time, I
> > believe, or have skipped certain positions - and they aren't running for
> > Quaestor!
>
> Absolutely. I am still here becuase I am Censor and I am trying to approve
> citizen apps before the election so that most citizens who are new will still be
> able to vote. So I have suspended my leave. :) Besides, the elections are
> important and I have to do my civic duty to Nova Roma.
>
> And, I have no vendatta. I am a very concerned citizen, and I have ever right
> to ask my questions and concerns to all candidates!
>
> Actually your wrong. Read some Roman History, the Path of Honor begins with
> Quaestor. I should know, I was the first Nova Roman to complete it. And the
> Path of honor is exactly that! Honorable.
>
> Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix


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Subject:	[Fwd: Tut-tut (was: re: [novaroma] M. Apollonius Formosanus Candidatus Praetorius)]
From:	Lucius Cornelius Sulla <alexious@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 11:22:33 -0800

This should go on the NR main list. This is my response!

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
Censor et Senator
Consular et Preator Urbanus et Quaestor
Paterfamilias of the Patrician Gens Cornelian

Lucius Cornelius Sulla wrote:

> "S. Apollonius Draco" wrote:
>
> > Salvete omnes,
> >
> > Dixit Censor Sulla in responso pater Apollonio Formosanu:
> >
> > > Ave,
> > >
> > > Why have you started at the Praetor Position and not as Quaestor? The
> > Path
> > > of honor starts at Quaestor, care to answer why you are skipping that
> > > position?
> > >
> > > Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
> >
> > Please care to answer why you are still here, even though you said that you
> > were leaving? I would appreciate it if you pursued your vendettas elsewhere.
> > This is an irrelevant question where your hate for my pater shines through.
> > I do need to remind you that the path of honour *actually* starts with
> > Aedilis, and not Quaestor. Furthermore, this path of honour is not law nor
> > custom over here. Many candidates are also running for the first time, I
> > believe, or have skipped certain positions - and they aren't running for
> > Quaestor!
>
> Absolutely. I am still here becuase I am Censor and I am trying to approve
> citizen apps before the election so that most citizens who are new will still be
> able to vote. So I have suspended my leave. :) Besides, the elections are
> important and I have to do my civic duty to Nova Roma.
>
> And, I have no vendatta. I am a very concerned citizen, and I have ever right
> to ask my questions and concerns to all candidates!
>
> Actually your wrong. Read some Roman History, the Path of Honor begins with
> Quaestor. I should know, I was the first Nova Roman to complete it. And the
> Path of honor is exactly that! Honorable.
>
> Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix


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Subject:	[novaroma] Endorsement of Seconda Cornelia Valeria
From:	"pjane@-------- " <pjane@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 19:47:08 -0000

Though I run for the same office she does, I feel compelled to
endorse Secunda Cornelia Valeria for the office of Quaestor, by
virtue of her significant experience and knowledge. Nova Roma needs
her expertise and I am pleased she has chosen to make it available.

Patricia Cassia


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Subject:	[novaroma] A reminder for the political season
From:	"pjane@-------- " <pjane@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 19:52:35 -0000

All of the previously announced guidelines for list behavior apply
equally to candidates and officeholders during this time of
campaigning. The Curatrix Sermonem will make every effort to be fair,
but will not permit name-calling, abuse or flames.

I will shortly repost the guidelines for this list. In particular, I
encourage you to pay attention to the ones that have to do with
respectful disagreement, and with presenting factual evidence rather
than shrill argument.

Patricia Cassia


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Subject:	[novaroma] Cursus Honorum (was Tut-tut)
From:	"pjane@-------- " <pjane@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 19:54:13 -0000

Lucius Cornelius, if you wish to discuss the Cursus Honorum, you
might do well to post some real information, along with sources where
we can learn more about this Roman tradition. In that way this
discussion might be turned to a positive purpose.

Patricia Cassia


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Subject:	[novaroma] Nova Roma list guidelines (repost)
From:	"pjane@-------- " <pjane@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 19:56:10 -0000

GUIDELINES FOR THE NOVA ROMA MAILING LIST

By Patricia Cassia
Curatrix Sermonem (List moderator)

This list is for you, and I see my role as trying to
facilitate a
place where we can all share information and get to know
one
another. So these guidelines are open to change, and to
your
suggestions.

First, a little history: When Nova Roma was founded in
1998, it was
clear that the Internet would play a big part in its
growth and
development. Marcus Cassius Julianus, one of the two
founders, asked
me to start a mailing list. At first it ran on a clunky
Mac program
from my home machine, but very soon it became possible to
use a Web-
based service as its host.

Today the list has more than 250 people on it. As we've
grown, we've
had to adjust the way we communicate so as to make
electronic "room"
for everyone. This set of guidelines represents
another effort in
that direction. It is not a response to any one
person or posting.



I.The list is set up so that replies automatically go
to the
poster, not the entire list. When you reply to a post,
consider
carefully whether your posting is of interest to the
entire
list, or whether it is a response only to one person.

II.Agreement and support for one another are always
welcome.
However, if you are simply saying "yes!" or "me too,"
without adding more information to the thread, consider
doing
so in private e-mail.

III.If you must criticize another's post, consider
doing so in
private e-mail. If the person has made a genuine error,
this allows
him or her to save face and apologize for misbehavior or
correct misinformation, rather than having misdeeds
pointed out
publicly.

IV.It is entirely appropriate to disagree publicly
with another's
stated views, or with the actions of Nova Roma's Senate,
magistrates and other officials. Nova Roma is an
organization
of individuals from a wide variety of nations, religions,
backgrounds and political viewpoints, and it is only
reasonable
that our views should differ.

V.When expressing disagreement, the following steps are
recommended:
* Express respect for the person and faith in
his or her
good intentions.
* Point out any themes or ideas with which
you do agree.
* Express your own opinion pleasantly, with
respect for
the rights of others to believe differently from you. On
the
Internet, strong language does not enhance the
effectiveness of your
communication. It simply makes you look strident and
overbearing.
* Offer factual information where possible,
backed up
with sources. Quiet statements of fact win respect from
those
following your conversation.
* Offer sources of factual information
(books, web links,
etc.) that might be of interest to others interested in
the topic.
* Use humor when appropriate (i.e. when it
helps lighten
the tone of a discussion without being aimed at other
list members)

VI.If a thread or posting on the list makes you angry
or sad,
consider not responding at all, or doing so in private e-
mail. If
you do decide to respond to something that has pressed
your
emotional buttons, do not press Send right after writing
your
response. Let it sit in your Out box for 24 hours. Then
look at
it again, and consider whether this response is the one
that
best enhances your own honor and advances the knowledge of
fellow list members.

VII.Remember that there are people on this list who are
under 18.
Profanity is generally unnecessary. Sexual references
should
be mild at worst.

VIII.Name-calling is inappropriate. Expressions of
disagreement
should be confined to criticizing the words or ideas of
another,
rather than the person.

IX.During the time leading up to elections (held each
December,
and occasionally at other times if offices become
vacant), this
list is also one of the public forums through which
candidates
express their views and present their qualifications to
the
populace. All of the above strictures governing
appropriate
behavior remain in place and apply to all candidates and
their supporters.

X.Avoid giving out your home address and/or phone
number on this
list. You do not know all the people on here, and while
it would be pleasant to believe we are all good-hearted
and
sane, you cannot trust in that.

XI.The topic of this list is ancient Rome and Nova
Roma. Off-topic
postings include:
* Discussions of macronational politics,
except when they
shed light on an ancient Roman subject or in some way
relate to Nova Roma.
* Bashing of any religion. It is OK to
discuss your own
disagreements with various faiths, but not to disrespect
the
rights of others to believe in those faiths.
* Arguments on certain well-worn issues that
are
contentious in modern society (examples: abortion, gun
control),
except as they relate to our topic.
* Jokes that aren't related to the topic or
to current
discussions on the list
* Virus warnings and other urban legends.
* All commercial postings, except from
members of the
Macellum, Nova Roma's marketplace (and even these should
be "low-key" - see below).

XII.The best postings include those which help us
better understand
some aspect of Roman history, or which offer ideas and
energy to the furtherance of Nova Roma's goals. On-topic
postings include, but are not limited to:
* Anything related to ancient history. This
is broadly
interpreted to include religion, cooking, gardening,
family life,
politics, military, costuming, medicine and many other
topics.
* Anything that has the effect of building
community
among list members (announcements of local events,
planning
get-togethers, sharing occasional personal milestones).
* Information of interest to Nova Romans
(links, news,
tourism information for Roman sites, updates from
political or
religious bodies, regional or Sodalitas projects).
* Low-key advertisements for Macellum
members. A low-key
advertisement might include a signature file, a single
announcement of a new business, or a mention of one's
business in response to a relevant thread on the list.

XIII.The Curatrix Sermonem has imperium to govern this
list, but
prefers to encourage positive interaction rather than
punish
negative behavior. In the case of a poster whose actions
repeatedly violate these guidelines or otherwise
seriously disrupt
the peace, the Curatrix Sermonem will choose from the
following
list of escalating actions:
i.General note to the list, not directed at
anyone
personally, but mentioning the behavior in question and
suggesting
alternate courses of action.
ii.Pleasant, private note to the individual,
asking him or
her to stop.
iii.Less pleasant, private note to the
individual, warning
him or her to stop.
iv.Placement of the individual on "moderated"
status (the
individual remains a member of the list, but all posts
must
be filtered by the Curatrix Sermonem). Message sent to
the Senate informing them of this step.
v.In extreme cases, the offender can and will be
banned from
the list. Further action may be taken by the Senate, but
this step represents the limit of the Curatrix Sermonem's
powers.

The vast majority of cases can be dealt with via
the first two
steps alone, and it is the Curatrix Sermonem's hope that
these
guidelines will reduce the necessity even of those steps.

XIV.If you are unhappy about someone's behavior on the
list, and you
do not feel comfortable dealing with him/her privately,
do not tell the list about it. This often has the effect
of
adding further strife. Instead, e-mail me at
pcassia@--------
Additionally, I welcome concerns, questions or ideas for
more
effective list administration in private e-mail. Allow 24
hours
or so for me to respond; I check my e-mail often, but I
also
have a life.

XV.Finally, to all of you who make the Nova Roma list
an pleasant
and informative place, thank you.



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Subject:	[novaroma] Q. Fabius Maximus stands for Praetor Urbanus
From:	sfp55@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 15:05:17 EST

Citizens of Rome, Salvete!
I stand on the Rosta here in our Forum in my whitened toga, surrounded by a
cloud of pipeclay dust, to declare my intention to stand for the office of
City Praetor.

For those who do not know me, or have only heard of my name, this year I was
your Senior Consul, responsible for the day to day operations here in Rome,
with my colleague M. Minucius Audens.
Why would I want to continue in political office after such a year of hard
work? Because citizens, I was unable to do much work on one of the most
important part of our government, our legal system. As Praetor, I would
represent your best interests here in Rome. Our legal system is still in its
infancy, it must grow and grow up quickly to match the rest of the growth
here. I wish our legal system to follow the wishes of our spiritual
ancestors, though the table of 12 laws of the ancient republic was developed
for an agriculture society, there are parts that can be extended into a micro
national on line society.
As Consul I have already promulgated an "Internet stalking Lex." This will
help protect citizens from harassment by other citizens over the Internet.
The people will be voting this into law or rejecting it when the Comitia will
be soon summoned.
Also since our founders never intended that Rome would be an Internet micro
nation forever, foundation must also be laid in our legal system for that
eventuality when we acquire land, and become a real nation. Now since I
dislike reading long e-mails, myself, I will post my curriculum vitae (course
of (my) life) in separate e-mail.
Valete!
Quintus Fabius Maximus

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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Endorsement of Consular Candidate
From:	"J. T. Sibley" <jrsibley@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 15:24:54 -0500

Salvete omnes!

Pompeia Cornelia wrote:

> Salvete Omnii Nova Roma:
>
> I am very pleased that our Pontifex Maximus, Marcus Cassius Iulianus has
> chosen to stand for the office of Consul.

It is my pleasure to second the endorsement by P. Cornelia of the candidacy of M. Cassius
Iulianus for the office of Consul. I've known him personally for a number of years.
Thus it is that I know that when he says that he is willing to stand for this position,
that he will put in the time and effort to do it Right.

> Marcus Cassius displays a genuine interest in Nova Roma and her ideals, and
> he displays genuine interest in her citizens. He and Patricia Cassia attend
> many events to promote Nova Roma and the celebration of the Roman Culture we
> so lovingly embrace.
>

And that's just for starters.... This Romano-(Dano-)Brit says "Cassius is good people!
Knows a lot about many obscure regions of the Empire, not just the home city. Cares
about outlying areas. Thoughtful fellow, will talk as eagerly and sincerely to a newcomer
as he would to a "seasoned cives". I vote for him, yah shure!"

S. Ambrosia Fulvia


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Subject:	[novaroma] Piscinus Stands for Tribunus Plebis
From:	"Rita Reali" <ritasax@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 15:48:42 -0800

Gneaus Moravius Piscinus Quiritibus
SPD:
Hodie ego, civis Novae Romae, ad rem publicam accedo.
Today I, Gn. Moravius Piscinus, citizen of Nova Roma, stand in
this Forum to offer myself as a candidate for the office of Tribunis Plebis.

Only six months have I shared in the community of our res
publica Novae Romanae. In this short time I have been graciously accepted among
the pontifici as Flamen Cerealis, serve as Retarius and Rogator of the
Sodalitatis Latinitatis, and as Rogator and a founding member of the committee
organizing the Sodalitatis Musarum.
Several times I have stood in this same forum to voice my
opinion. I invite every Citizen to read through my posts. You are welcome to
visit my web page where links are provided to some of my previous posts, and
where also I have provided information on my qualifications for the office of
Tribunus Plebis:
http://www.diocletian.de/elect/piscinus/
Consistently I have spoken in praise of the historical
developments of the Plebeian movement as the true legacy of Rome. The virtues
and ideals we of Nova Roma most seek to emulate today are found in the Republic
of ancient Rome. As Tribunus Plebis I shall continue to offer a consistent and
persistent voice for the interests of all Quirites, exercising the traditional
tribuni potestes to secure and defend the rights of each and every citizen, and
to continue developing the means of furthering our community as a whole.

Some of the issues we will face in the year ahead I have
discussed before with another candidate for Tribune, Senator Labienus
Fortunatus. I hope you will allow me to join with this noble Plebeian Senator,
working together as Tribunician colleagues.
I welcome the views and opinions of all plebeians. You may write
to me directly at piscinus@--------
I also invite all Quirites to join with me in discussion of
political issues on the NR_Dignitas Forum List.
http://www.egroups.com/messages/NR_DignitasForum

Semper Nova Roma Llibera vivant!





--- ritasax@--------

--- EarthLink: It's your Internet.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Cursus Honorum (was Tut-tut)
From:	Lucius Cornelius Sulla <alexious@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 12:33:21 -0800

"pjane@--------" wrote:

> Lucius Cornelius, if you wish to discuss the Cursus Honorum, you
> might do well to post some real information, along with sources where
> we can learn more about this Roman tradition. In that way this
> discussion might be turned to a positive purpose.

Ave,
An excellent suggestion, Patricia Cassia! Here are my sources:

Roman Law: An Historical Introduction by Hans Julius Wolff
The Oxford Classical Dictionary Companion.

I have others but most of my books are still in Riverside. I have included
a following number of websites that would contribute to this.
Here are some web links for it as well:

http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/9040/cursus.html

http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/romangvt.html - THIS SITE has an excellent
diagram!

http://www.uah.edu/student_life/organizations/SAL/misc/romancon.html - an
excellent cite! Here is a quote:

CURSUS HONORUM. --No one could be chosen praetor until he had been
quaestor,
or consul until he had been praetor. These three magistracies, then, formed
a
career of office--the so-called cursus honorum--which it was the aim of
every ambitious Roman to complete as soon as possible. To be elected
quaestor a man had to be at least 30 years old [in the time of the Gracchi
the age was 27], and the lowest legal ages for the praetorship and the
consulship were 40 and 43 respectively. The consulship could in no case be
held until three years after the praetorship. Consuls and praetors were
curule magistrates, but this was not the case with the quaestor. The office

of curule aedile (see below) was often held between the quaestorship and
the
praetorship, but it was not a necessary grade in the cursus honorum. The
minimum age for this office was the twenty-seventh year.

I do know that many sources for the Cursus Honorum come from Livy, Cicero.

I do hope this is sufficent. :)

So with the resources out of the way, I would still like my question
answered. :)

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
*The First Nova Roman to complete the Cursus Honorum*


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Subject:	[novaroma] Question for candidates Moravius Piscinus and Labienus Fortunatus
From:	"Antonio Grilo" <amg@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 21:19:38 -0800

Salvete dignissimi candidati

I heard rumours that there are some athenian-influenced senators and
candidates who want to change the political system of Nova Roma into a
Roman-unlike system which is against the spirit of our aims as
reconstruccionist organisation. In fact our Web site says "NOVA ROMA is an
organization dedicated to the study and restoration of ancient Roman
culture." and it is this that attracts Roman enthusiats like you, me and
many.
In my personal view, the responsibility of the Tribunes is more than to
"secure the rights of the plebeians", for more important than being a
plebeian and the voice of the plebeians, a Tribune is a Roman and owes much
to the honour of our Roman forefathers who watch us in every moment.
I'm very worried at the moment and in order to sleep well until the
elections, I'd like to know whether the candidates for the Tribunate will
make all efforts to keep the Roman system and preserve the Vedian
constitution - attained with so much effort and which allowed the number of
Senators (some of them the ones who now want to destroy that same
Constitution) and popular participation to greatly increase since its
establishment- and make it more and more ROMAN.
I also would like to know whether you intend to follow the same policy of
Tribunes like Sergius Australicus, who, while not discarding the defense of
the plebeians and Romans in general, were able to let the institutions work
without any political crisis, without endangering the Respublica.

In the end I join the text of an email posted to the Dignitatis list, which
shows the kind of negative attitude I would like to be checked by the
Tribunes. That letter was written by a member of the Amatores Dignitatis.
That man confesses that the aim of the Amatores Dignitatis is to launch an
athomic bomb over NR and to destroy the Roman system. His words show
blindness and the taste for confusion and crisis.

As such, another question for you is: what is your role within the Amatores
Dignitatis for checking this kind of behaviour and to promote the
continuation of the nation of Nova Roma?


Valete bene in pace deorum
Antonius Gryllus Graecus
Pontifex, Senator, Magistratus, Civis

***********************************************

> Salvete Amatores Dignitatis!
>
> There has been launched an initiative of significant proportions
to
> secure democracy and good government for Nova Roma. Many had
> suggested that to do so would be to split Nova Roma and in effect
> explode a most anachronistic atomic bomb in the Forum. Yet when our
> Statement was published, nothing of the sort happened.
>
> Indeed almost nothing happened, which is perhaps too much of a
good
> thing. :-) This is, after all, a movement for *change*. And thus far
> we have not even had a good dialogue here on the new Dignitas Forum
> List.
>
> The Movement initiated and guided by the Convocatores has a
twofold
> nature: first to promote Good Government and Citizen Participation in
> general, and secondly to field candidtates who will further these
> goals. The second is a kind of activity that comes close to being
> partisan. Everybody involved, however, abominates on a gut level the
> word "party", outsiders fear that "party" means "faction" and that
> faction means danger. Therefore the de facto party proclaims itself a
> non-party.
>
> Indeed, among us (the convocatores, not the Amici Dignitatis, who
as
> such are politically neutral) there is little party discipline, and
> we are still at that stage at which we are really not interested in
> personal power, but are idealistic in terms of our primary
> motivation. And in fact those persons whom we perceive to be harming
> Nova Roma through their secret plans and overt actions constitute a
> fairly tight clique united by opportunism and a singularly illiberal
> vision of what Nova Roma should be - in other words, a faction. Even,
> therefore, coming out for simple Good Government is to make ourselves
> a faction against a faction, a de facto party against a de facto
> party.
>
> It is inevitable that it should be so, but not threatening: what
> real democracy does not have parties? Those states which claim to
> have "partyless democracy" are usually found on closer inspection to
> have no democracy. People differ in opinion, and they find friends to
> work with. The important thing is that free dialogue is allowed to
> continue by and for all parties, and that free and fair elections can
> determine who will make the decisions and provide the leadership of
> the state.
>
> If we convocatores were a party, I have joked that it might be
> called the "Lucius Marius Peregrinus Memorial Party". ;-) Which is a
> joke because there seem to be people who fear any connection between
> our Marius and the Movement, despite the fact that all the
> politically aware cives know perfectly well how the original signers
> (the convocatores) fought for the Causa Marii, and that enemies of
> Marius' rights are our enemies.
>
> That a case on the face of it of censorial discrimination against
a
> citizen due to his being a member of a sexual minority was allowed by
> those in authority - the consuls and senate - to take place and
> continue without any vigorous attempt to investigate and stop it is
> disgraceful. That the senate was manoeuvred into voting a dubious
> reprimand against the overall victim, while it never bothered to
> reprimand his persecuter, who was surely acting against the
> non-discriminatory spirit of the Constitution - a person previously
> reprimanded by the senate, indeed - is deeply alarming.
>
> Three persons joined to give Marius grief because he wanted his
name
> to match his social gender, because he insisted on his natural right
> to that and made a provisional tactical departure from Nova Roma in
> protest at the denial of that right, because he is alleged to have
> utilised his natural right of free speech to condemn those in Nova
> Roma who had acted improperly towards him, and because he twice
> exercised his sense of humour at the expense of a senator apparently
> quite sensitive to that. That this should be able to happen is
> difficult to avoid, human beings being what we are. That it was not
> expeditiously stopped by the legal processes and more responsible
> associates of these three persons is deeply dangerous for our
> Respublica.
>
> The protests by US, the behind the scenes help of Censor et
> Paterfamilias Merullus, the support of the Pontifex Maximus, and the
> deeply gratifying magnanimity of Livia Cornelia Aurelia have relieved
> Marius' situation to a considerable degree. But he has not yet got
> his true name officialised, and to that extent Nova Roma is still
> allowing a sexual minority to be discriminated against. And certainly
> we have not yet created the laws and judicial institutions to protect
> the dignitas of the common civis.
>
> To undo the harm done and provide for a better future we must fill
> the senate with untainted new blood not involved in voting for the
> reprimand of Marius, and we must remove the two presently most
> powerful magistrates from office and keep them out for a good long
> time (i.e. one consul and one censor) - at least. We must also create
> a system of law and a judiciary process to protect ordinary citizens,
> make the comitia full partners of the senate in practice, and
> strengthen the powers of the tribunate.
>
> More immediately we must stop the Edictum de Nominibus Mutandis
> from becoming law in its present form, and do the same with the Lex
> for Bashing Returning Cives in the Teeth, and the tax proposal in its
> present form. (Taxes and their appropriation should be clearly under
> the control of the Populus, not the senate, in a manner consistent
> with modern states. This may require a Constitutional amendment to
> get right, and until it is gotten right there should be no tax
> system.)
>
> But to return to Marius: we are not really a Marian party. But we
> are indebted to Marius for being the unwilling recipient of a lot of
> ill will and prejudice which has been enough to serve as a wake up
> call for all of Nova Roma. In some European lands it is a criminal
> offence to deny the historical reality of the Holocaust. Those Jews
> *were* killed, and certain individuals *were* really responsible.
> Likewise we must never allow anyone here to deny or neglect the fact
> that Marius was grievously mistreated by certain officials with the
> tacit and later active collusion of a big majority in the then
> membership of the senate. We must *never* forget those historical
> facts or what they teach us about the moral character and
> trustworthiness of the persons involved.
>
> That is my summary of what we, the Convocatores of this Dignitas
> List and the Dignitas Forum are about. As we are all independent
> minded persons, some of us might not agree with all of the above, but
> most of us would agree with most of it. I speak, however, first and
> foremost for myself. I would like the meanness and pettiness to be
> removed from our national life, and for all of us to enjoy some
> magnanimitas and comitas. But above all an irreducible minimum of
> iustitia and dignitas.
>
> Valete!


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Subject:	Re: [Fwd: Tut-tut (was: re: [novaroma] M. Apollonius Formosanus Candidatus Praetorius)]
From:	"S. Apollonius Draco" <hendrik.meuleman@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 22:37:45 +0100

Salve,

> > "S. Apollonius Draco" wrote:
> >
> > > Salvete omnes,
> > >
> > > Dixit Censor Sulla in responso pater Apollonio Formosanu:
> > >
> > > > Ave,
> > > >
> > > > Why have you started at the Praetor Position and not as Quaestor?
The
> > > Path
> > > > of honor starts at Quaestor, care to answer why you are skipping
that
> > > > position?
> > > >
> > > > Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
> > >
> > > Please care to answer why you are still here, even though you said
that you
> > > were leaving? I would appreciate it if you pursued your vendettas
elsewhere.
> > > This is an irrelevant question where your hate for my pater shines
through.
> > > I do need to remind you that the path of honour *actually* starts with
> > > Aedilis, and not Quaestor. Furthermore, this path of honour is not law
nor
> > > custom over here. Many candidates are also running for the first time,
I
> > > believe, or have skipped certain positions - and they aren't running
for
> > > Quaestor!

> > Absolutely. I am still here becuase I am Censor and I am trying to
approve
> > citizen apps before the election so that most citizens who are new will
still be
> > able to vote. So I have suspended my leave. :) Besides, the elections
are
> > important and I have to do my civic duty to Nova Roma.

Glad to hear that.

> > And, I have no vendatta. I am a very concerned citizen, and I have ever
right
> > to ask my questions and concerns to all candidates!

This is true, of course! It's everyone's right to ask all candidates
questions. But why exactly my paterfamilias? Hate might be a strong term to
put it, but you'll have to agree with me that you two are rarely in
agreement over anything, so your question did come across rather fishy.

> > Actually your wrong. Read some Roman History, the Path of Honor begins
with
> > Quaestor. I should know, I was the first Nova Roman to complete it.
And the
> > Path of honor is exactly that! Honorable.

Then I presume I was wrong. I'm sorry if I was. But I do know some Roman
history, being a Latinist (and a Hellenist, too!). I suppose I mixed up the
the things of the cursus honorum a little, then. However, to bring the
discussion back to the original point, although doing the whole tour is
laudable, I don't see anything wrong with starting as a candidate for an
office that interests you. Not everyone has a financial interest, thus not
everyone is interested in becoming a Quaestor.

Vale,
Sextus Apollonius Draco, civis Novae Romae
Legatus Galliae Borealis,
Procurator Galliae,
Wind Dragon, ICQ# 32924725
--**--
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--**--
Novaromain? Parlez-vous français? Cliquez ici!:
http://www.egroups.com/group/NRGallia_GalliaBelgicaF
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Subject:	[novaroma] Against Formosanus
From:	Lucius Cornelius Sulla <alexious@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 13:36:58 -0800

>
> > > And, I have no vendatta. I am a very concerned citizen, and I have ever
> right
> > > to ask my questions and concerns to all candidates!
>
> This is true, of course! It's everyone's right to ask all candidates
> questions. But why exactly my paterfamilias? Hate might be a strong term to
> put it, but you'll have to agree with me that you two are rarely in
> agreement over anything, so your question did come across rather fishy.
>
> > > Actually your wrong. Read some Roman History, the Path of Honor begins
> with
> > > Quaestor. I should know, I was the first Nova Roman to complete it.
> And the
> > > Path of honor is exactly that! Honorable.
>
> Then I presume I was wrong. I'm sorry if I was. But I do know some Roman
> history, being a Latinist (and a Hellenist, too!). I suppose I mixed up the
> the things of the cursus honorum a little, then. However, to bring the
> discussion back to the original point, although doing the whole tour is
> laudable, I don't see anything wrong with starting as a candidate for an
> office that interests you. Not everyone has a financial interest, thus not
> everyone is interested in becoming a Quaestor.

Ave

I am glad you have corrected yourself. :) In an effort to increase your
knowledge at the request of P. Cassia I have posted some links and some
resources one can learn about the Cursus Honorum. Please feel free also to
access my Hotlinks I have over 100 Roman websites held on there. :) It is
located at www.hotlinks.com and do a search for alexious (thats me).

Now back to the serious issue at hand. I have questioned your Pater for a
couple of reasons. First, to run for Praetor one needs to have a good
understanding of Roman Law and Culture. To date, I dont think your Pater does.
Hence my questioning him as to why he wants to jump into a post to start
implementing change when, I dont think he understands the culture he is dealing
with.

It would be much more beneficial to him, in my opinion to learn how the
government works and that would mean for him to run for Quaestor. One should
learn the government, how it works and the system in place before one wants to
start making changes. Dont you agree?

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix


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Subject:	[novaroma] ELECTION SITE
From:	caesar@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 21:55:44 -0000

Salvete Omnes,

The following site has been created as a general reference for the
elections. It contains general information on each of the candidates
running for office, and will also contain a list of Laws to be voted
upon by the Comitia when they are publically announced. The site will
be updated at least once per day. The address is:

http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Sparta/7249/Election1.html

Candidates are encouraged to CC anything they wish to add to the
site, such as statements, stances, etc. to Caesar@-------- for
addition.

Valete.

Gn. Tarquinius Caesar






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Subject:	Re: [novaroma] Against Formosanus
From:	"S. Apollonius Draco" <hendrik.meuleman@-------->
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 23:11:49 +0100

Ave, Censor Sulla,

<big snip>

> Now back to the serious issue at hand. I have questioned your Pater for a
> couple of reasons. First, to run for Praetor one needs to have a good
> understanding of Roman Law and Culture. To date, I dont think your Pater
does.
> Hence my questioning him as to why he wants to jump into a post to start
> implementing change when, I dont think he understands the culture he is
dealing
> with.

*frowns* Why not? He is a Latinist, teaches and speaks Latin, and it very
familiar with many Latin terms of religion, language, philosophy and
politics (and probably knows the Cursus Honorum better than I do!). I also
think that his excellent Regula for the Sodalitas Musarum, that was after
all mostly his work, shows his agile legal capacities. But actually, not the
actual questioning of the candidates is the thing that I find strange, but
the questioning of only one.

> It would be much more beneficial to him, in my opinion to learn how the
> government works and that would mean for him to run for Quaestor. One
should
> learn the government, how it works and the system in place before one
wants to
> start making changes. Dont you agree?

True, but as he was your Censorial Scriba, and involved in countless
exhausting political debates here on the main list, or offlist, I think he
is aware of how the system works. Also, your question would also count for
those who didn't go through the Cursus Honorum and are now declaring their
candidacy for an office other than Quaestor. But you aren't questioning
them. That's what I found rather peculiar.

Vale,
Sextus Apollonius Draco, civis Novae Romae
Legatus Galliae Borealis,
Procurator Galliae,
Wind Dragon, ICQ# 32924725
--**--
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--**--
Novaromain? Parlez-vous français? Cliquez ici!:
http://www.egroups.com/group/NRGallia_GalliaBelgicaF
Nieuwromein? Spreekt u Nederlands? Klik hier!:
http://www.egroups.com/group/NRGallia_BelgicaBataviaD
Novaroman? Interested in philosophy? Click here!:
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--**--



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Subject:	[novaroma] The Roman Political System of the Late Republic. L O N G
From:	sfp55@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 18:32:50 EST

Salvete Citizens
People have asked me where our political system comes from. It is mostly
based on the middle and late republic. The big difference is that citizens
were expected to serve in the legiones as the price of citizenship. We at
New Rome are not. Other then that we have attempted to recreate the various
offices and institutions of the Republic.
What follows is the Roman government scholar Alexander Yakobson article in
the JRS (Journel of Roman Studies) based on his lecture. The article was 100
pages long. I have kept only the relevant parts eliminating the examples
cited which would be useless since many of our citizens cannot read latin, or
do not have access to the relevant other sources. Nevertheless to educate
you better about what the people of Rome are about to recreate, here is the
article

Petitio et Largitio
If we are to understand the very strange and anomalous political system which
the later Republic was, we have to distinguish between three different
things: its formal structures; the social realities of participation or
otherwise in those structures; and the exercise of power, persuasion, and
force between those individuals and groups who did participate. As regards
formal structures, the fundamental argument of this book is that our evidence
will remain unintelligible unless we
accept that the constitution of the Roman res publica made it a variety of
democracy. Every adult male citizen, unless specifically disqualified, had a
vote, and there was no formal exclusion of the poor. Freed slaves could also
vote, and the repeated debates and conflicts about whether they
could be registered and cast their votes in any of the thirty-five tribus or
should be confined (as they were until the end) to the four tribus urbanae
presupposes the more fundamental principle that they were citizens, and could
vote.

The system within which they voted was characterized by the feature that all
voted, without exception, which took place within subgroups (tribus or the
centuriae). Within each subgroup, the principle of the majority vote
prevailed. The vote of each subgroup then counted as one, and the result
whether electoral, legislative, or judicial) was determined by the majority
of group votes. In
one of the voting structures, the comitia centuriata, a principle of
stratification by wealth prevailed, according to which the richer citizens
both belonged to centuriae with smaller numbers of individual members and
were able to vote first, with voting being abandoned when a majority (of
centuriae) had been reached. But it is a far more significant fact that in
the other group voting structure, the comitia tributa, no form of social
stratification applied, and each citizen's vote
counted equally.
It should be stressed that the res pubtica was a semi- representative
democracy. Membership of the Senate, was an indirect result of election to
public office. While the Senate had important deliberative and even
decision-making and administrative functions, it was in no sense a
representative body, was not a parliament, and could not legislate. The
widespread notion that the Senate was the governing organ of the Roman
Republic is not merely misleading, it is straight-forwardly false.
The formal powers of the citizen as voter were divided into three categories.
First, there was a residual role for the comitia to meet as criminal courts,
a function largely, but not entirely, taken over in Cicero's time by
quaestiones with a limited number of senatorial or equestrian jurors. Then
there were elections, conducted by either the comitia centuriata or the
comitia tributa, both of which now met for this purpose in the Campus
Martius. Over fifty public offices were now filled annually by election, and
by 63 direct popular election also applied, after repeated conflicts and
changes, to vacancies in the "colleges" of priests and to the position of
Pontifex Maximus.
The most fundamental of all the rights of the people was, however, that they,
and they alone could legislate. Proposals for leges could be put before them
only by a limited group of electedannual magistrates, consuls, praetors, or
tribunes. It was not obligatory, except in the decade
following L Cornelius Sulla's reforms, for any such proposal to have been
provided by the Senate. The comitia centuriata could pass leges but rarely
did so. The normal asseinbly for the passage of leges was the comitia
tributa, and it was far more common for laws to be proposed to the assembly
by one or more of the ten tribuni plebis of each year than by any other
elected officeholders. (In the middle republic this was not true.sfp)
The exclusive right of the assemblies to pass legislation is by far the
strongest reason why, in purely formal terms, the Roman res publica has to be
characterized as a democracy.
However it has been necessary to rehearse once again these formal, structural
features of the Roman constitution, because if they are ignored, the patterns
of power, and the ways in which
successive changes came about in the late Republic, become wholly
unintelligible. But it is of course essential to separate the emphasis on
these formal features from any assessment in sociological terms of actual
patterns of participation.
Here, enough has ben said already. It would be much more satisfactory if we
could establish patternsof participation, from within the plebs of the city,
among the (very numerous) inhabitants
of the suburbium, or among those who might come from the districts of Italy,
from Rhegium to
the Po Valley.
We can do no better than to recall that all the communities of Italy up
(probably) to the Po were
now allocated to one or another of the thirty-five tribus, that there are
hints of an awareness
throughout Italy of major issues in urban politics, and that groups or
individuals might make their
way to Rome to vote in elections or on leges. We may note in passing, amid a
range of wholly
inadequate evidence that illustrates participation from outside Rome,
Cicero's passing
allusion in the "Pro Sestio" to a man who, to disguise himself, "seized the
muleteer's cloak with
which he had first come to Rome for the comitia. "
It is purposeless to dwell further on the unanswerable question of the levels
or significance of
participation by citizens from outside Rome. We can, however, be sure that,
as the literature of
the late Republic and Augustan period shows, the culture of Italian
communities could be marked
by a commitment to Roman traditions and values that went far beyond mere
formal citizenship;
Cicero, Vergil, and Livy are all products of this great cultural change.
There could thus be participation and voting, in both elections and
legislation, and Roman
political life was conducted in full awareness that this was possible. More
than that, we cannot
say. But if I am correct in suggesting that those who migrated to Rome or its
neighborhood were
not systematically transferred by the censors from their existing tribus
rusticae to tribus urbanae,
then the three hundred thousand or so people (some one-third of the total
citizen body) who lived
near enough to Rome to participate in the monthly distributions of grain will
have included
"representatives" of all the tribus..
The populus Romanus was not a biological descent-group, but a political
community defined by
rights and duties (the latter consisting predominantly of military service in
the legions), and it was
formed above all by the progressive extension of Roman citizenship throughout
Italy, and by the
distinctive Roman custom of giving citizenship to freed slaves. Participation
as a citizen was not
limited by considerations of wealth or class (though the holding of elective
office certainly
was),but it will have been far more profoundly affected by distance. The
unaltered convention that
the citizen could exercise his rights only in person, by voting in the Forum
or the Campus
Martius, gave an overwhelming predominance in the politics of the late
Republic to those
"representatives" of the wider populus Romanus who lived in and around the
city.
It remains very important to our understanding of late-Republican political
life that a vast
population living at a distance from Rome had the formal right to vote, and
might be persuaded,
or think it in its interest, to come to Rome to vote. Given the multiple ties
of obligation and
mutual benefit that existed between the numerous citizen communities of Italy
and
officeholders in Rome, as well as the accelerating competition for position
and power, the wholly
unpredictable patterns of extra-urban involvement represented one of the
significant destabilizing
factors in the last years of the Republic. This makes it possible to explain
why Plancius had gained
so much support from Atina and neighboring communities when seeking the
aedileship in 55, but
it had not been possible to predict this beforehand. Equally, a really
important level of Italian
involvement was successfully organized from Rome to secure the vote for
Cicero's return in 57 ,
but the expected support for Pompey against Caesar's forces in early 49
simply failed to appear
It was this highly anomalous structure, the product of a long evolution which
had given Roman
Italy some of the characteristics of a nation-state, but no corresponding
representative institutions,
which allowed the sovereignty of the populus Romanus to be exercised by the
crowd in the
Forum, or in other words by whoever happened to be there, or had a motive for
being there,
or was persuaded or organized into presenting himself, whether to use his
vote, or to deploy
physical force. What is certain at least about the relation between the
populus and the Roman
state is that, in many profound respects, there was no state. There were the
annual elected
officeholders, who certainly could not be described as forming a
"government"; and there
was the Senate, which met, when summoned by a consul, praetor, or tribune,
either in the Curia
or in one of a number of temples in the center of the city.
But there was no body of state employees in the sense characteristic of a
modern state, and there
was no bureaucratic machinery of government that was conducted in doors.
For, in this sense,
there were no public buildings, other than temples, the Regia at the west end
of the Forum (whose
role and function is extremely obscure), and, at the other end of the Forum,
on the slope up to the
Capitol, the large multilevel building that we have always called the
"Tabularium" but that we
ought almost certainly now to identify as the Atrium Libertatis. This
building, like the archaic
treasury, the temple of Saturn (Aerarium Saturni), functioned as a depository
for public
documents. But we still should not see these or any other public buildings in
Rome as the seats of
an"administration" that could be conceived of separately from the wider
civilian community. It
cannot be stressed too much or too frequently that the business of the
community was communal,
and was almost entirely conducted in the open air, whether we are speaking of
contiones or of
legislative assemblies; of trials before the people or of quaestiones
conducted under the
conspectus of the people, all in the Forum; or of contiones and meetings of
the comitia centuriata
in the Campus Martius. It was not merely that there was no administration or
civil service
functioning in out of the sight of the civilian population, but there were no
government buildings
that served as the seats of operation of the annually elected officeholders.
They too fulfilled their
functions in public, in the air, taking their seats at established locations
within the Forum area
speaking from the Rostra. It was only when they had entered the Curia, or
whatever templum was
serving the same function, that senators performed what was of course a
constitutional public
function, but which not carried out in the open air and was not directly
visible and audible to
the crowd. It was possible the reactions of the crowd outside could easily be
heard inside, Cicero
reports on this in several of speeches and reports on had been said or what
votes had been passed
inside the Curia could be made immediately to the crowd in the Forum.
Nonetheless debates in the Senate, even if we avoid the error of conceiving
of a parliament, and
even though it could not legislate, remain a distinct and anomalous feature
of the Republican
system-partly because membership was lifelong, and partly for the specific
reason that its debates
took place indoors.
The private houses of senators, characteristically situated not more a few
hundred yards from the
Forum, acquired a semipublic function, the reception of allies and dependents
who came to
participate in daily salutatio; and the senators' progress from their houses
to the m and then back
again, before and after the conduct of public business was an established
part of public life, and
was one of the most significant means for the demonstration of prestige,
popularity, and political
support. That being so, and with the increasing levels of conflict and public
violence, it frequently
occurred that when someone was going down the Sacra Via from his house to the
Forum, clashes
between his and a rival's supporters took place.
In short we look at the Roman Republic as a democracy, but a democracy that
was tempered bu
y the wisdom of a consulting body of the leading men of state which carried
great weight among
the crowds opinion. Since only three type magistrates could present the
comitia with things to
vote on, and since the comitia could not legally form without being summoned,
the check on un
authorized politicking in Rome was complete. It was a very unusual, so
unusual that later many
governments attempted to copy it though they didn't understand it. Another
legacy Rome left to
the modern world.

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Subject:	[novaroma] Marcus Marcius Rex declares his candidacy for....
From:	RexMarcius@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 18:43:31 EST

Salvete cives Novae Romae!

Friends, citizens, Novi Romani! I stand here today before you, because I have
decided to don the toga candidata. What I declare today has not come to me as
an easy decision.

I have been a part of Nova Roma for one and a half years now and I have
served it as propraetor Germaniae and for a short while now also as a senator
in its most august body. I have seen the government of Nova Roma work from
the inside and the outside. There are good parts and there are weak parts,
you will all agree with me. But we cannot be satisfied with that, as we try
to be the recreation of the best that ancient Rome has been.

I believe that the best Rome gave to the world, was the rule of law and the
distinctive way that the people ultimately controlled the fate of the
Republic, be it in the passing of leges, be it in the form of jury trials.
This is what should also be reflected in our Nova Roma.

Our young res publica needs its people where they can give the best value
added to our beloved res publica. After pondering long and hard, where I
could best fit into the Nova Roman government, I came up with the one
position, that is certainly the most demanding.

I am a civil servant in my macronation, I work with the highest political
representatives of my government and they listen to my advice. I have been a
diplomat and I have served as a soldier.

I have no cursus honorum in Nova Roma.

But even our laws do not require the cursus honorum, as the lex Vedia
Senatoria clearly shows. What the cursus honorum could give me is an enhanced
dignitas. I would be as esteemed as Censor Sulla Felix, the only one in Nova
Roma who has completed the cursus honorum so far and certainly a shining
example of what extraordinary people we have among us here. I would not dare
to compare myself to him.

Still, I hereby declare my candidacy for the office of

CENSOR

I have a lot to offer to Nova Roma in this office.

First: I will do my utmost to fulfill this demanding position and I will bear
all costs involved with it out of my own pocket. No taxes need to be raised
because of me being Censor.
Second: I will assemble a team of dedicated scriba to make the processing of
citizens applications as efficient as humanly possible.
Third: I am a European and I believe it would greatly help with
administration to have one Censor residing there.

I urge you all, citizens of Nova Roma, to engage in Nova Roma politics and
discuss with me my political views for our beloved res publica

You may write
to me directly at RexMarcius@--------

I also invite all Quirites to join with me in discussion of
political issues on the NR_Dignitas Forum List.
http://www.egroups.com/messages/NR_DignitasForum

May our beloved res publica grow and prosper!

Marcus Marcius Rex
Propraetor Germaniae
Senator


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Subject:	[novaroma] Encouragement for Prospective Candidates
From:	cassius622@--------
Date:	Thu, 30 Nov 2000 18:46:42 EST

Salvete,

It is as a concerned Citizen rather than a candidate for Consul that I post
this, in the hope of encouraging more people to run for offices in Nova Roma
for the coming year.

We have a minimum of 21 offices to fill. As yet fewer than ten people have
declared themselves as candidates.

At present our total Citizenship is around 570 people, some 287 of which are
subscribed to the main Nova Roma list. We have been able to fill the needed
offices with fewer Citizens in the past, so there is the potential for not
only all offices being filled, but healthy and productive contests for most
of the offices!


Q. Fabius, the current Senior Consul, has already posted the offices up for
election. I restate them here with some brief explanation (from memory, not
all details are guaranteed!) as well as the duration of each office:

**************
2 Consuls -
(Higest elected magistrates, whos duties include convening the Senate and
putting up items for vote by the Citizens of Nova Roma organized as the
Comitia Centuriata. One year term of office.)

1 Censor -
(Responsible for keeping the Citizen Rolls and processing new Citizen
applications. 2 Year term of office.)

2 Praetor Urbanus -
(Responsible for laws and courts within Nova Roma. 1 Year term.)

2 Aedilis Plebeianus -
(Responsible for public markets, games and gatherings (I believe!) 1 Year
term.)

2 Tribunas Plebis
(Report Senate business to the Citizens, also responsible for championing the
cause of Plebeian (or any) Citizens in the face of disputes with magistrates.
1 Year term.)

8 Quaestors (minimum of four)
(Assistants to senior magistrates, such as the Consuls. In ancient times
considered to be the first step of a public career, the "Cursus Honorum". 1
Year term.)

Vigintisexviri (At least four with various functions)
(Minor magistrates assigned to fill a variety of functions, from special
projects to assisting other magistrates and performing duties assigned by one
of the Comitia. Another excellent first step toward the Cursus Honorum. 1
Year Term. Of particular importance are the Curator Sermonem - list moderator
- and Curator Differum - Eagle editor. )

***************

Holding office in Nova Roma can be a pain in the podex. It is a given that
anyone holding an office will say to themselves at least once, "Why did I
volunteer to do this!"

There are many answers, but the one that I've always found most compelling is
that holding an office makes the Roman experience more "real". There is
something about working on behalf of Roma that changes a person's
perspective. One goes from being interested in ancient Rome to feeling a
personal connection to those who created and sustained the best of that
city's contributions. Even the most minor office suddenly gives you an almost
tangible connection with the ancient world... you suddenly share a specific
task, and even duty with a long line of dedicated Romans who have come before
you.

If you are a Citizen who has been thinking about holding a magistracy, but
would like advice or further information, feel free to Email me personally
at: Cassius622@--------, or send an inquiry to the Senate at:
Senate@--------

This coming year can be the most active and productive for Nova Roma yet, but
only so long as we ourselves decide to stand up and do the things that need
to be done.

Valete,

Marcus Cassius Julianus


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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