Subject: [Nova-Roma] Cave de los perros!
From: "Chantal G. Whittington" <aerdensrw@yahoo.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Jun 2002 17:14:42 -0700 (PDT)
Gaius Noviodomus--Thank you for the correction! I
never can keep Latin cases straight. So 'caveat' is
'he beware' and 'cave' is 'you beware.' (or something
like that). It's nice to understand that, now.

That was a lovely mosaic, by the way. Much prettier
than the 'Beware of Dog' signs you usually see in
houses.


=====
Chantal
http://www.4dw.net/aerden/theran/theranweyr.html

"Yesterday, it worked.
Today, it is not working.
Windows is like that."



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Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Cave de los perros!
From: Fortunatus <labienus@texas.net>
Date: Tue, 04 Jun 2002 20:18:01 -0500
Salvete

> Gaius Noviodomus--Thank you for the correction! I
> never can keep Latin cases straight. So 'caveat' is
> 'he beware' and 'cave' is 'you beware.' (or something
> like that). It's nice to understand that, now.

Actually, "cavet" is "he is wary/guards against". "Caves" is "you are
wary." "Cave!" is "Beware!" "Caveat" is in the subjunctive, which I
don't even pretend to fully understand yet, but has to do with
possibilities--"He should beware," "May he beware," "He would beware."
So, "caveat emptor" is "the buyer should beware."

> That was a lovely mosaic, by the way. Much prettier
> than the 'Beware of Dog' signs you usually see in
> houses.

I love that mosaic. Someday, I'm going to make a copy for my front porch.

Valete
Fortunatus
--
Quidquid latine dictum sit, altum videtur.
Ta i quetes Quenyanen séya vanima


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] need links to latin
From: Fortunatus <labienus@texas.net>
Date: Tue, 04 Jun 2002 20:28:56 -0500
Salve Socelli

> hi I need some links to a good latin sites .
> i will like to learn latin (I speak spanish).
> if you now any site for baginers please let me know.

There are a few sites I use on a fairly regular basis. They're all
English-based, but they might be useful to you.

http://www.math.ohio-state.edu/~econrad/lang/latin.html
-an excellent basic overview with tables of Latin declension and
conjugation; it won't teach you Latin, but it's a very nice reference

http://lysy2.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe
-an online Latin-English word tool; not quite a dictionary, not quite a
translator

http://www.sunsite.ubc.ca/LatinDictionary/HyperText/latin-dict-full.html
-a Latin word list; very incomplete, but still useful

http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Latin/
-a Latin-English dictionary based upon the preceding word list; has a
lot more words

Vale
Fortunatus
--
Quidquid latine dictum sit, altum videtur.
Ta i quetes Quenyanen séya vanima


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Edictum Censoricium
From: <3s@hsk-net.de>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 03:01:53 -0500 (CDT)

Caius Flavius Diocletianus Quiritibus S.P.D.

Due to the authority given to me by Paragraph IV.A.1.c of the consitution of Nova Roma the following

Edictum Censoricium
about the deletion of empty Gentes from the Album Gentium

is hereby enacted:

I. The following Gentes shall be deleted from the Album Gentium:

Gens Proba (Gens ID 207)
The only gens member and paterfamilias, Ianus Probus Pannonicus, renounced citizenship some time ago (a date is not remarked in his record) and is no longer citizen of Nova Roma.

Gens Claudia Secunda (Gens ID 85)
The only gens member and materfamilias, Claudia Secunda Castarophea, renounced citizenship some time ago (a date is not remarked in her record) and is no longer citizen of Nova Roma.

Gens Vitalia (Gens ID 270)
The only gens member and paterfamilias, Quintius Vitalis, renounced citizenship some time ago (a date is not remarked in his record) and is no longer citizen of Nova Roma.

All Gentes above have zero members, so the gentes are de facto not existent. Approvals for membership in this gentes cannot be responded because this Gentes have no paterfamilias.

II. Objections against this actions were not brought forward to the Censors after the announcement of the intended deletion.


Given June 5th in the year of the Consulship of Marcus Octavius Germanicus abd Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, 2755 AUC.

Caius Flavius Diocletianus
Censor












Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Cave de los perros!
From: tiberius.ann@bluemail.ch
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 10:49:56 +0200
Salve,

>"Caveat" is in the subjunctive, which I
>don't even pretend to fully understand yet, but has to do with
>possibilities--"He should beware," "May he beware," "He would beware."

>So, "caveat emptor" is "the buyer should beware."

The subjunctive, or konjunctive as it is called in German for instance,
is often used to express a wish or an implied impossibility. Most of the
sentences which have to do with relative clauses are constructed in this
form. Latin uses it almost as often as the indicative!! Also indirect questions
and indirect speeches are always in the subjunctive.

The closest translation is often a construction containing: "May he do something"
or something the like.

Curate ut valeatis, Tiberius Annaeus Otho

lictor curiatus
translator linguae Germanicae
paterfamilias gentis Annaeorum
praefectus scribarum regionis Germaniae Superioris
tribunus militum laticlavius Legionis XI CPF



Subject: [Nova-Roma] Bouncing emails & returned mail
From: "Diana Aventina- National Coordinator PFI Belgium" <diana@pandora.be>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 12:37:21 +0200
Hi all,
Ever since we've changed from NovaRoma to Nova-Roma, I am getting about 20 returned emails per day saying that the addresses are invalid.They are mostly from Hotmail accounts and mostly people with italian names. I am wondering if maybe there are a bunch of addresses subscribed to this list that are not in use anymore.
Is anyone else having the same problem?
Thanks!
Diana


This is an automatically generated Delivery Status Notification.

Delivery to the following recipients failed.

ilianaitalia@hotmail.msn.com
tilboconstruct@hotmail.msn.com
The Postfix program

<alex_zicca@hotmail.com>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation

<angelinimaurizio@hotmail.com>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation

<forzajuve7@hotmail.com>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation

<melissa_cinelli@hotmail.com>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation

<ninafratantuono@hotmail.com>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] (unknown)
From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Craig=20Stevenson?= <gaiussentius@yahoo.com.au>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 18:59:01 +1000 (EST)
Salvete Omnes et fellow cives,

I, Craig Stevenson (Gaius Sentius Bruttius Sura) do
hereby solemnly swear to uphold the honor of Nova
Roma, and to act always in the best interests of the
people and the Senate of Nova Roma.

As a magistrate of Nova Roma, I, Craig Stevenson
(Gaius Sentius Bruttius Sura) swear to honor the Gods
and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and to
pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private
life.

I, Craig Stevenson (Gaius Sentius Bruttius Sura) swear
to uphold and defend the Religio Romana as the State
Religion of Nova Roma and swear never to act in a way
that would threaten its status as the State Religion.

I, Craig Stevenson (Gaius Sentius Bruttius Sura) swear
to protect and defend the Constitution of Nova Roma.

I, Craig Stevenson (Gaius Sentius Bruttius Sura)
further swear to fulfill the obligations and
responsibilities of the office of Propraetor of
Australia Province to the best of my abilities.

On my honor as a Citizen of Nova Roma, and in the
presence of the Gods and Goddesses of the Roman people
and by their will and favor, do I accept the position
of Propraetor of Australia Province and all the
rights, privileges, obligations, and responsibilities
attendant thereto.

Long live Nova Roma!

Valete bene,

Gaius Sentius Bruttius Sura

http://www.sold.com.au - The Sold.com.au Big Brand Sale
- New PCs, notebooks, digital cameras, phones and more ... Sale ends June 12


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Bouncing emails & returned mail
From: "pompeia_cornelia" <trog99@hotmail.com>
Date: Wed, 05 Jun 2002 11:56:03 -0000
---


Ave Diana:

Right of the top of my head (and I due check the list membership
periodically) I do not recognize 'any' of these names as being
subscribers to the new (or old!) list.

I am wondering if perhaps this is the work of a virus, and it is just
cooincidental that it is happening to you at the same time you joined
the new Nova-roma list.

Bene vale,
Pompeia Cornelia
Praetor et List Moderator

In Nova-Roma@y..., "Diana Aventina- National Coordinator PFI Belgium"
<diana@p...> wrote:
> Hi all,
> Ever since we've changed from NovaRoma to Nova-Roma, I am getting
about 20 returned emails per day saying that the addresses are
invalid.They are mostly from Hotmail accounts and mostly people with
italian names. I am wondering if maybe there are a bunch of addresses
subscribed to this list that are not in use anymore.
> Is anyone else having the same problem?
> Thanks!
> Diana
>
>
> This is an automatically generated Delivery Status Notification.
>
> Delivery to the following recipients failed.
>
> ilianaitalia@h...
> tilboconstruct@h...
> The Postfix program
>
> <alex_zicca@h...>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
> Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation
>
> <angelinimaurizio@h...>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said:
552
> Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation
>
> <forzajuve7@h...>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said: 552
> Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation
>
> <melissa_cinelli@h...>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said:
552
> Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation
>
> <ninafratantuono@h...>: host mx02.hotmail.com[65.54.254.129] said:
552
> Requested action not taken: exceeded storage allocation
>
>
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
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Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Cave de los perros!
From: Bill Erwin <billerwin@yahoo.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 04:53:01 -0700 (PDT)

Actually they are different verb tenses/moods. Caveat is the present subjunctive (jussive subjective in this example) and is the equivalent of "let him/her beware," or "that he/she should beware," etc. Cave is the 2nd person singular (tu) present command form "beware." The command "cave canem," is more direct and was usually used for the 2nd person, but it would not be incorrect to say canem caveas, which would mean "that you should beware of the dog."
Rofius Maximus
"Chantal G. Whittington" <aerdensrw@yahoo.com> wrote: Gaius Noviodomus--Thank you for the correction! I
never can keep Latin cases straight. So 'caveat' is
'he beware' and 'cave' is 'you beware.' (or something
like that). It's nice to understand that, now.

That was a lovely mosaic, by the way. Much prettier
than the 'Beware of Dog' signs you usually see in
houses.


=====
Chantal
http://www.4dw.net/aerden/theran/theranweyr.html

"Yesterday, it worked.
Today, it is not working.
Windows is like that."



__________________________________________________
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Subject: [Nova-Roma] COMITIA POPULI TRIBUTA RESULTS
From: Marcus Octavius Germanicus <haase@konoko.net>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 09:24:26 -0500 (CDT)

Salvete Quirites,

I present to you the election results in the Comitia Populi Tributa.

As the Lex Vedia de Ratione Comitiorum Populi Tributorum requires
18 tribes to elect a magistrate, and neither candidate for Quaestor
achieved 18 tribes, neither candidate is elected. A new election
is required.

Manius Constantinus Serapio: 17 tribes
5 12 13 15 18 19 21 23 25 26 27 28 29 32 33 34 35
Ianus Minicius Sparsus: 12 tribes
1 3 4 6 9 11 17 20 22 24 30 31

Lex Octavia de Sermone:
YES 25 tribes:
1 3 5 6 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29
31 32 33 34 35
NO 4 tribes:
4 20 25 30

-- Lex Cornelia de Censo:
YES 25 tribes:
1 6 9 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
NO 5 tribes:
3* 4 5 25 27*

The low number of tribes voting is a result of the reclassification
of citizens as Capie Censi. Before the next election, I hope this
will be rectified by the assignment of new citizens to rural tribes.

I call for candidates for Quaestor to declare their intent to stand
for office now. Candidates must have been a citzen for six months,
and be at least 21 years old.

Valete, Octavius.

--
Marcus Octavius Germanicus
Consul of Nova Roma, MMDCCLV a.u.c.
Curator Araneum et Senator


Subject: [Nova-Roma] oath as Dominus Factonis Russatae
From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Tiberius=20Apollonius=20Cicatrix?= <consulromanus@yahoo.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 15:29:30 +0100 (BST)
Salvete

I, Tiberius Apollonius Cicatrix (Dennis Temmerman) do
hereby solemnly swear to uphold the honor of Nova
Roma, and to act always in the best interests of the
people and the Senate of Nova Roma.

As a magistrate of Nova Roma, I, Tiberius Apollonius
Cicatrix (Dennis Temmerman) swear to honor the Gods
and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and to
pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private
life.

I, Tiberius Apollonius Cicatrix (Dennis Temmerman)
swear to uphold and defend the Religio Romana as the
State Religion of Nova Roma and swear never to act in
a way that would threaten its status as the State
Religion.

I, Tiberius Apollonius Cicatrix (Dennis Temmerman)
swear to protect and defend the Constitution of Nova
Roma.

I, Tiberius Apollonius Cicatrix (Dennis Temmerman)
further swear to fulfill the obligations and
responsibilities of the office of Dominus Factionis
Russatae to the best of my abilities.

On my honor as a Citizen of Nova Roma, and in the
presence of the Gods and Goddesses of the Roman people
and by their will and favor, do I accept the position
ofDominus Factionis Russatae and all the rights,
privileges, obligations, and responsibilities
attendant thereto.


Iuppiter Optimi Maximi, multas gratias Tibi ago.

Valete bene

=====
Tiberius Apollonius Cicatrix
Aedilis Plebis
Coryphaeus Sodalitatis Musarum
Paterfamilias Gentis Apolloniae
civis Novae Romae

***HORUM OMNIUM FORTISSIME SUNT BELGAE***

__________________________________________________
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Subject: [Nova-Roma] COMITIA CENTURIATA RESULTS
From: Marcus Octavius Germanicus <haase@konoko.net>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 09:40:14 -0500 (CDT)

Salvete Quirites,

The results of the Comitia Centuriata election have been certified
by the Rogatores:

Lex Octavia de Centuriata - 91 Centurys voting: (need 46)

YES 85 centuries
NO 6 centuries

This proposed Constitutional Amendment will now go to the Senate for
final ratification.

Valete, Octavius.

--
Marcus Octavius Germanicus
Consul of Nova Roma, MMDCCLV a.u.c.
Curator Araneum et Senator


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Terms Query
From: "Chantal G. Whittington" <aerdensrw@yahoo.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 08:04:50 -0700 (PDT)
Salve--

What is 'capie censi,' and what does it mean? I did
notice that I had been moved from a rural tribe to an
urban one, but didn't know why.

--- Marcus Octavius Germanicus <haase@konoko.net>
wrote:
> The low number of tribes voting is a result of the
> reclassification
> of citizens as Capie Censi. Before the next
> election, I hope this
> will be rectified by the assignment of new citizens
> to rural tribes.

---
Renata Corva Cantrix


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Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Terms Query
From: labienus@texas.net
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 10:24:57 US/Central
Salve Renata Corva

> What is 'capie censi,' and what does it mean? I did
> notice that I had been moved from a rural tribe to an
> urban one, but didn't know why.

The capite censi ("capie" was obviously a typo) are those cives who did not pay
their tax on time. They are placed in the least advantageous century
(currently the 193rd) and one of the urban tribes. They also may not run for
or hold office in the central government.

For more information:
http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/leges/lex-2001-05-20-i.html

If you think you've been erroneously placed among the capite censi, you should
contact the censores at censors@novaroma.org .

Vale
T Labienus Fortunatus



Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Terms Query
From: "lincoln" <lincoln13@adelphia.net>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 11:56:22 -0400
salvete.
mine say the same so what due i due wrong.
and what i need to due to make better?.
any idea.
el mio dise lo mismo que fue lo que ise malo .
i que tengo que aser para mejorar.

gratias multas.
valete.


----- Original Message -----
From: <labienus@texas.net>
To: <Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, June 05, 2002 6:24 AM
Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Terms Query


> Salve Renata Corva
>
> > What is 'capie censi,' and what does it mean? I did
> > notice that I had been moved from a rural tribe to an
> > urban one, but didn't know why.
>
> The capite censi ("capie" was obviously a typo) are those cives who did
not pay
> their tax on time. They are placed in the least advantageous century
> (currently the 193rd) and one of the urban tribes. They also may not run
for
> or hold office in the central government.
>
> For more information:
> http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/leges/lex-2001-05-20-i.html
>
> If you think you've been erroneously placed among the capite censi, you
should
> contact the censores at censors@novaroma.org .
>
> Vale
> T Labienus Fortunatus
>
>
>
>
> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
> Nova-Roma-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
>
>


---
Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
BY; LINCOLN ULYSSES
Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
Version: 6.0.368 / Virus Database: 204 - Release Date: 5/29/2002


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Terms Query
From: Marcus Octavius Germanicus <haase@konoko.net>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 11:00:50 -0500 (CDT)
Salve,

If you joined before December, but did not pay the "tax" (membership
fee) in March, you're labeled as "Capite Censi". Those who paid, or
joined in December or later, are "Assidui".

Vale, Octavius.

> salvete.
> mine say the same so what due i due wrong.
> and what i need to due to make better?.
> any idea.
> el mio dise lo mismo que fue lo que ise malo .
> i que tengo que aser para mejorar.

Marcus Octavius Germanicus
Consul of Nova Roma, MMDCCLV a.u.c.
Curator Araneum et Senator


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Manius Constantinus Serapio for Quaestor
From: "mcserapio" <mcserapio@yahoo.it>
Date: Wed, 05 Jun 2002 16:13:34 -0000
Citizens of Nova Roma,

first of all, I thank all those who voted me to become Quaestor in
our Res Publica very much. I feel honored of having received a
positive vote from 17 centuriae. I would have been elected with just
one more! As our Tribunus Plebis Gnaeus Salix Astur said some time
ago, "Lex dura, sed lex"!(The Law is hard, but it is the Law)
Anyway, I would not say that this law is hard: it is simply right!
Waiting for next voting, I will carry on with the engagements that I
undertook and already started. In fact, some of us can tell you that
I am already working on the projects I showed you some times ago. You
can still read the webpage I set up for this occasion. You will find
it at http://italia.novaroma.org/serapio
Please, don't forget to take a look to my project for the Venationes
(the roman fighting between men and wild beasts!) You will find a
link in my webpage: anyway you can also read it at
http://www.geocities.com/mcserapio/venationes

The Venationes: I proposed also these games to Aedilis Plebis
Tiberius Apollonius Cicatrix, the magistrate the Quaestor will be
assigned to. He liked my plan and asked me to organize the Venationes
for next Ludi Apollinares (in july). And this is what I am doing now.
He also asked me to set up a website for next Ludi: I am concluding
it. Those who already saw it congratulate with me for my job. You
will see it in two weeks, when also the Venationes will start!

Anyway, I am not only dealing with these matters. I am absolutely
conscious that a Quaestor have to deal with financial matters: or
perhaps it would be better "should" deal. Yes, because now not all
Quaestors take care of this issue, simply because they have been
assigned to magistrates with no financial connection. So far.
Would some of you say that a magistrate would not have the
opportunity of enabling many and important projects with proper
funds? (just think to live meetings, for instance). I think that he
certainly would.

But we all know that tax incomes are not enough to finance those
projects. So it is necessary to work on the improvement of tax
collection and on the search of new sources of income.
This is, in my opinion, a task for Quaestors. But all Quaestors!!!
Not only two! not only Pius and Laenas, that are not Quaestors, but
rather ANGELS for the incredible amount of work they did and still do.
They will say that they are not angels, and that they simply did
their job. I say: honour where it is due!

I exchanged several messages with Quaestors Octavius Pius and
Popillius Laenas about this issue some time ago, on our past Main
List. It was very useful for me, and made me understand that very
good results in this area can be achieved.

I want to work on these issues. I want to give my little experience
to the people of Nova Roma to contribute to the welfare and
prosperity of our Res Publica!
That is way I come today in front of the Gods, the Senate and the
People of Nova Roma to present me as a candidate for the office of
Quaestor!

DII VOS BENE AMENT
VALETE OPTIME
MANIVS-CONSTANTINVS-SERAPIO
***Candidate for Quaestor***
Legatus Externis Rebus - Provincia Italia
Dominus Praefectus for Italy and eastern Europe
acting Praefectus for North Africa - Sodalitas Egressus
--------------------------------------------
My Page: http://italia.novaroma.org/serapio
Gens Constantinia: http://www.geocities.com/mcserapio/constantinia-en
Provincia Italia: http://italia.novaroma.org


Subject: [Nova-Roma] how is supost to tell people about this things like fees.
From: "lincoln" <lincoln13@adelphia.net>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 12:25:40 -0400
me excusa.
non intellego .

i joing in 2000/11/6.
i din't know of any feed .
how you supost to finde out about things like that.
i only recive e-mail for voting and the one when i was aprove.
is kinde hard to paid dues if you don't know you supost to due that and what
benefits you get.
is any link to splaing all this .
gratias.
valete.

----- Original Message -----
From: "Marcus Octavius Germanicus" <haase@konoko.net>
To: <Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, June 05, 2002 12:00 PM
Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Terms Query


> Salve,
>
> If you joined before December, but did not pay the "tax" (membership
> fee) in March, you're labeled as "Capite Censi". Those who paid, or
> joined in December or later, are "Assidui".
>
> Vale, Octavius.
>
> > salvete.
>


---
Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
BY; LINCOLN ULYSSES
Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
Version: 6.0.368 / Virus Database: 204 - Release Date: 5/29/2002


Subject: [Nova-Roma] ATTN [Religio Romana]: Nonis Iuniis (on June 5th)
From: "Antonio Grilo" <antonio.grilo@inov.pt>
Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 20:02:26 +0100
ANTONIVS GRYLLVS GRAECVS PONTIFEX OMNIBVS CIVIBVS SALVTEM

This is one of the dies nefasti (N), a day on which no legal action can take
place.

This is the Nonae of Iunius. Today the Rex Sacrorum proclaimed the static
festivals ('feriae stativae') of the month from the citadel ('arx') of the
Capitoline Hill [Macrobius, Saturnalia, 1.15.10].

Dius Fidius appears to mean 'Divine Faith' (from 'fides'). There has been
much discussion whether this deity was originally the same as or different
from Semo Sancus: at any rate they ultimately came to be unified [Varro, De
Lingua Latina, 5.66]. The Semones were probably vague spirits and are to be
identified with the Semunes in the hymn of the Fratres Arvales. One of them
became personalized as Sancus, which seems to have been a sabine name and
sometimes identified with Hercules. In fact, Varro speaks of an
interpretation of Dius Fidius as Divus Filius (i.e. Son of Iuppiter) by
Aelius, being Sancus among the Sabines and Hercules among the Greeks.
Anyway, in historical times it was linked with oaths and treaties, which is
in fact a domain of Iuppiter, and so Varro also presents Dius Fidius as an
alternative name for Iuppiter. Common oaths were 'medius filius' or 'me dius
fidius' or even 'me hercule'. These oaths had to be taken in the open air
and thus Plutarch says [Plutarch, Roman Questions, 28]: "Why are boys made
to go out of the house when they want to swear?". Moreover the roof of the
temple of Dius Fidius had to be open to the sky. These details connect Dius
Fidius and Iuppiter again, as the later is the god of the sky. Some scholars
also connect Dius Fidius with the Fisius Sansius or Fisouios Sansios of the
Iguvine Tablets.
The temple of Semo Sancus Dius Fidius was on the Quirinal [Ovidius, Fasti,
6.213 seq.; Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities, Roman
Antiquities, 9.60.8]. Allegedly founded by Tarquinius Superbus, it was not
dedicated until 466 BC. It contained a statue of Gaia Caecilia or Tanaquil
[Festus, De verborum significationem, 276L on 'Praebia'], wife of Tanquinius
Priscus; on the girdle were amulets called 'praestia' from which worshipers
used to take scrapings as protective talismans. It also housed the early
treaty between Rome and Gabii, inscribed on an ox-hide. In a shrine was a
deposit of bronze rings ('aenei orbes') which had been made from the
confiscated goods of a traitor Vitruvius in 329; these could be parallel to
the 'urfeta' (='orbita'), the ring or disk held by the officiating priest at
Iguvium. A dedication to Semo, found on the Quirinal, was made by a company
of Bidental priests ('decuria sacerdotum bidentalium') [ILS 3472]; another
from the Tiber Island indicates a cult there also [ILS 3474]. A 'bidental'
was a place struck by lightning, where an expiatory sacrifice of
two-year-old sheep ('bidentes') had been offered. The priests presumably
made such offerings to Semo Sancus. The inscription from the Tiber Island
was seen by, or known to, the Christian writers Justin Martyr [Justin
Martyr, Apol., 1.26] and Tertullian [Tertullian, Apol. 13], who also
mentions a statue, and misinterpreted it as referring to Simon Magus, the
magician. Near the Quirinal tample was a gate called Porta Sanqualis which
embodied the name of Sancus. The cult of Semo, who guaranteed oaths, thus
long continued in Rome and may have been more prominent in public life than
his minor character sugests.


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