Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: CEREALIA MUNERA - CALLING FOR FIGHTERS!
From: qfabiusmaxmi@aol.com
Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 22:47:27 EDT
In a message dated 4/10/03 1:01:26 PM Pacific Daylight Time,
me-in-@disguise.co.uk writes:


> this starts in retrospect with a guard looking for instruction "Just call
> him King", "King of where?" "Not King of anywhere, he never was; just
> King". "And what if he tries to get away?" "He's not under arrest. Just
> don't le him go anywhere".
>

This is the start of "Demetrios the Besieger," by Duggan.

FABIVS


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] On the Pronunciation of Classical Latin
From: "Gregory Rose" <gfr@intcon.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 06:06:40 -0000
G. Iulius Scaurus S.P.D.

Avete, Quirites.

Here's a link to the discussion of classical Latin pronunciation on
Zdravko Batzarov's "Orbis Latinus" website:

http://www.orbilat.com/Latin/Grammar/Latin-Pronunciation-Syllable-Accent.html

Valete, Quirites.

G. Iulius Scaurus

Postscriptum: My apologies for the typos in yesterday's numismatic
links, but it had been a long night, and cut-and-paste is high
technology for me...:-) at least the links work.


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Hiatus
From: "G.Porticus Brutis" <celtic4usa@yahoo.com>
Date: Thu, 10 Apr 2003 23:57:51 -0700 (PDT)
Scaevola with out the internet? Oh no what shall we do
with out him.
Fair sailing...
Remember with out you I have no one to bicker with...
So don't drown
Brutis
--- Caius Minucius Scaevola <ben@callahans.org> wrote:
> Salvete, omnes -
>
> In another two or three days, depending on the
> weather, I'll be taking
> off on a two-week (or so) sailing cruise to the
> Bahamas; until then, my
> time is going to be spent finalizing my preparations
> and double-checking
> that everything aboard my ship is ready. From my
> previous experience,
> Net connections in the Abacos are few and far
> between and expensive...
> and to be honest, I don't see that as a huge
> detriment. :)
>
> I wish all of you peace and an easy resolution to
> the current debate.
>
>
> Valete,
> Caius Minucius Scaevola
>
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Saepe creat molles aspera spina rosas.
> Often the prickly thorn produces tender roses
> -- Ovid
>


__________________________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Tax Center - File online, calculators, forms, and more
http://tax.yahoo.com

Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: EDICTVM PROPRAETORIVM XVIII - DE NOVAE ROMAE TRIBVTIS EXIGENDIS 2756
From: "Franciscus Apulus Caesar" <sacro_barese_impero@libero.it>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 08:00:13 -0000
Salve Senator,
of course, in point (2) of Introduction is underline the deadline to
pay the taxes. I fixed the deadline to send me the taxes at 23th
April. In this way I have one week to receive the money and to send
them in US at 28th or 29th April.
If I should send the money after the official deadline, I'll have
the responsability of the delay and I'll pay 50% above the tax
amount. The Citizens will not have to pay other amounts.
BTW several Citizens of Provincia Italia will be in Rome at 21th
April for the Birthday of the Urbe. Here we'll raise the tax
personally.
The Edictum is written following the instructions published in the
last month by Illustrus Consul Labienus and written in our Laws.

Vale
Fr. Apulus Caesar
Propraetor Provinciae Italiae

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "L. Cornelius Sulla"
<alexious@e...> wrote:
> Ave Propraetor,
>
> Should this edict also state that you will be forwarding the funds
to the Central Treasury by April 30th to be in line with the Senatus
Consultum on Taxiation and with the Lex Vedia de Assidui et Capiti
Censi and the Lex Cornelia Octavia de Assidui et Capiti Censi?
Otherwise, if you make the taxiation payment late, Section 3 will
apply and citizens will have ot make their tax payment at 50% above
the stipulated tax amount.
>
> Vale,
>
> Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
> Senator
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Franciscus Apulus Caesar
> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 11:25 AM
> Subject: [Nova-Roma] EDICTVM PROPRAETORIVM XVIII - DE NOVAE
ROMAE TRIBVTIS EXIGENDIS 2756
>
>
> EDICTVM PROPRAETORIVM XVIII
> DE NOVAE ROMAE TRIBVTIS EXIGENDIS 2756
> April 10th, 2003
>
> - Introduction
>
> As every year and as the law provides, it has to be paid the
annual
> tax
> to Nova Roma.
> Everyone will pay this tax will be classified as "assidus",
> and his electoral vote will be more important than the one of the
> citizens who haven't paid it.
> Besides, only "assidus citizens" will run for the central
offices of
> the Res Publica (except for the provincial offices).
>
> The minimum amount for the tax for the year 2756 for Provincia
> Italia is $ 8,08,
> that is to say Euro 7,50.
>
> We have to say that the iter to send the taxation to the USA
from
> Italy is complicate and expensive for the ones who has no credit
> cards.
> We have also to specify that:
>
> 1) the law provides for the half of taxation, paid by every
> Provincia
> to the Central Treasury, will be available for the Provincia
itself.
>
> 2) the tax has to be paid to Nova Roma within April the 31.
>
> 3) the citizens who will pay the tax after that date, they will
have
> to
> pay the 50% more than the amount of the tax.
>
> I. Agreeing to what suggested the Consul Titus Labienus
> Fortunatus, every citizen who cannot pay the taxation with
credit
> cards
> by Paypal, can pay it to the Propraetor Provinciae Italiae.
>
> II. The money (or check) must be paid within April 2003, the 23,
> by a transfer order, postal order, ordinary mail, or personally.
>
> Every citizen interested is invited to contact privately the
> Propreator
> at the address sacro_barese_impero@l...
>
> III. the Propraetor will make the payment in one singular action
by
> PayPal service.
>
> IV. Every citizen will have confirmed the payment by the Central
> Treasury of Nova Roma itself or by the Propreator himself.
>
> V. This edictum has immediate effect. Promulgate a.d. IV Idus
> Apriles 2756 ( April 10th,
> 2003), in the year of consulship of Caeso Fabius Quintilianus e
Titus
> Labienus Fortunatus.
>
> VI. This Edictum is approved by the Curia Italica
> (9/4/2003,http://italia.novaroma.org/curia/r09042003.txt)
>
> Franciscus Apulus Caesar
> Propraetor Provinciae Italiae
>
>
> ..........................
> [Italian translation]
> ..........................
>
> EDICTVM PROPRAETORIVM XVIII
>
> DE NOVAE ROMAE TRIBVTIS EXIGENDIS 2756
> 10 Aprile 2003
>
> - Introduzione
> Come consuetudine annuale e come previsto dalla Legge, occorre
> versare
> a Nova Roma l'annuale tassa. Chi pagherà la tassa sarà
classificato
> come
>
> "assidus" ed il proprio voto elettorale avrà maggior peso
rispetto a
> chi non l'ha pagata. Inoltre, solo i cittadini assidui possono
> concorrerre per gli uffici centrali della res Publica (eccetto
per
> le cariche
> provinciali).
>
> L'ammontare minimo delle tasse previste per l'anno 2756 è di $
8,08,
> pari a Euro 7,50.
>
> Occorre sottolineare che le procedure di invio dall'Italia della
> quota
> prestabilita in USA sono complicate ed economicamente
dispendiose per
> chi non possiede una carta di credito.
> E' necessario inoltre precisare che:
>
> 1) la legge prevede che metà delle tasse depositate nel tesoro
> Centrale da ogni Provincia siano a disposizione della stessa
> Provincia.
>
> 2) le tasse debbano essere pagate a Nova Roma entro il 31 Aprile
2003
>
> 3) coloro i quali pagheranno le tasse oltre la scadenza, debbano
> versare una mora pari al 50% dell'ammontare della tassa.
>
> I. In accordo con quanto suggerito dall'Illustre Consul Titus
> Labienus
> Fortunatus, ogni cittadino impossibilitato a pagare le tasse con
> carta
> di credito via PayPal, può consegnare il denaro al Propraetor
> Provinciae
> Italiae.
>
> II. Il denaro (o assegno) deve essere consegnato entro il 23
Aprile
> 2003 tramite bonifico bancario, vaglia postale, lettera di posta
> ordinaria o prioritaria, o personalmente. Ogni cittadino
interessato
> è invitato a
> contattare privatamente il Propraetor all'indirizzo
> sacro_barese_impero@l...
>
> III. Il Propraetor provvederà ad effettuare il versamento in
un'unica
> transazione bancaria tramite servizio on-line PayPal.
>
> IV. Ogni cittadino avrà conferma dell'avvenuto versamento dal
Tesoro
> Centrale di Nova Roma o dallo stesso Propraetor.
>
> V. Questo edictum ha effetto immediato. Promulgato il a.d. IV
Idus
> Apriles 2756 (10 Aprile
> 2003), nell'anno del consolato di Caeso Fabius Quintilianus e
Titus
> Labienus Fortunatus.
>
> VI. Questo Edictum ha l'approvazione della Curia Italica
(09/04/2003,
> http://italia.novaroma.org/curia/r09042003.txt)
>
> Franciscus Apulus Caesar
> Propraetor Provinciae Italiae
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Sponsor
> ADVERTISEMENT
>
>
>
>
> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
> Nova-Roma-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of
Service.
>
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: CEREALIA MUNERA - CALLING FOR FIGHTERS!
From: "caligodfather" <caligodfather@yahoo.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 08:16:04 -0000
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Lucius Arminius Faustus"
<lafaustus@y...> wrote:
> Salve,
>
> ´City-Besieger´ - humm... be careful, there are many ´man-
besiegers´
> on this game as well... eheheh... (what a good idea you gave...
> hum... throwing some scorpions and ballistas on the arena...)
>
> King Demetrius you refer to the one lover of Lamnia, son of
Antioch,
> patron of Athens? The one about Plutarch wrote?

You are certainly correct, Faustus. This is the very King Demetrius
written about by the great Mestrius Plutarchus. As for my gladiator,
he claims that he has no fear of scorpions, ballistas, or any other
surprises that the aedile may have in store for the Cerealia Munera.
I personally think,however, that his desire for glory and women have
blinded him to the seriousness of the task at hand- which is his
survival and freedom. I can only hope that Ceres gives him a wake up
call before he gets a taste of bloodied sand once his time comes.

-M.Tullius Philippicae




Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: Kristoffer From <from@darkeye.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 17:13:52 +0200
Salvete, cives Nova Roma.

It would appear some random (l)user has clicked his way through a large
portion of our citizen database, asking for password resets. This is
completely harmless, except for the spam of course, so just roll your
eyes, mutter something about computers, and move on.

Update follows, if I ever succeed in getting a trace on it. Until then,
just ignore this.

Valete, Titus Octavius Pius.

Subject: [Nova-Roma] Reseting password
From: "L. Cornelius Sulla" <alexious@earthlink.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 08:13:02 -0700
Avete Omnes,

A couple of my gens members have emailed me this morning in regards to an email they are receiving. The email is asking them to "reset their password."

They are concerned because they have not gone to the Album and selected that option.

According to the email they forwarded to me the request is comeing from this addy:

The request to reset the password came from
80.58.2.107.proxycache.rima-tde.net (80.58.2.107)
at 03/04/11 09:09:52 (US/Central timezone)
using Teleport Pro/1.29.


Respectfully,

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: "L. Cornelius Sulla" <alexious@earthlink.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 08:13:53 -0700
Ave!

Oh good, I am glad someone is checking on this, I just sent an email to the ML about this just after I got this email. Please let me know the status on the trace.

Respectfully,

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix

----- Original Message -----
From: Kristoffer From
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Friday, April 11, 2003 8:13 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset


Salvete, cives Nova Roma.

It would appear some random (l)user has clicked his way through a large
portion of our citizen database, asking for password resets. This is
completely harmless, except for the spam of course, so just roll your
eyes, mutter something about computers, and move on.

Update follows, if I ever succeed in getting a trace on it. Until then,
just ignore this.

Valete, Titus Octavius Pius.

Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Reseting password
From: Octavius Giraldo-Vay <octavius@octavius-jewelrydesign.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 08:48:09 -0700
Salvete omnes.

I also received this "change password" notice. I'm glad Nova Roma is
vigilant and has informed us of the spam. Valete omnes cura ut valeas.
Lucius Calpurnius Piso
On Friday, April 11, 2003, at 08:13 AM, L. Cornelius Sulla wrote:

> Avete Omnes,
>
> A couple of my gens members have emailed me this morning in regards to
> an email they are receiving.  The email is asking them to "reset their
> password." 
>
> They are concerned because they have not gone to the Album and
> selected that option. 
>
> According to the email they forwarded to me the request is comeing
> from this addy:
>
> The request to reset the password came from
> 80.58.2.107.proxycache.rima-tde.net (80.58.2.107)
> at 03/04/11 09:09:52 (US/Central timezone)
> using Teleport Pro/1.29. 
>
>
> Respectfully,
>
> Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
<image.tiff>
>
>
> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
> Nova-Roma-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



Subject: [Nova-Roma] Changing Password
From: "Lucius Arminius Faustus" <lafaustus@yahoo.com.br>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 16:12:18 -0000
Vale,

I received ALSO the changing password message.


L. Arminius


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Run-off : My comments
From: "Daniel O. Villanueva" <danielovi@ciudad.com.ar>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 14:07:10 -0300
Salvete omnes quirites.
As you already know by my honorable and illustrus colleague Marcus Marcius Rex's statement, I fully agree with it. And my point of view is very well represented in that statement. It is very well known by everybody that a prompt solution for the fifth tribune must be reached urgently. This is a priority and only after this is worked out , then we shall be able to think of and reach a long term solution for endless run-off solution through the amendment of the corresponding law(s) or the enactment of new one(s). At this very moment if the next run-off fails, calling the Senate to order to appoint the candidate with the relative majority , would give the best solution while honoring the plebeians's will since it will be the candidate with the relative majority. Thus the solution will be reached legally.
I agree with honorable Senator L Sicinius Drusus to limit the size of the ballot. It is a nonsense that a candidate with very few votes and thus with no chances of winning, continues candidating the following run-offs, reducing this way the chances to the others candidates with more votes. This is particularly important when not all the tribes exercise the right of voting.
Bene valete
Lucius Pompeius Octavianus
Tribunus Plebis



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] THE OPENING OF LUDI CEREALIA
From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Lucius=20Arminius=20Faustus?= <lafaustus@yahoo.com.br>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 14:14:34 -0300 (ART)

Salvete Quirites!




It is a pleasure and a responsibility announce you:


I HEREBY OPEN THE LUDI CEREALIA!

This Ludi Cerealia will be going on from the 12th to the 19th of
April.



The Cerealia 2756 is organized by the Aediles Plebis L. Arminius Faustus et Marco Curius Scribonnius Britanicus, under the religious celebrations lead by the Flamen Cerealia illustrious Hadrianus Rutilius Bardulus.



The Cerialia or Cerealia was the most important festivity celebrated in Rome to honour Ceres. It began on April the 12th, coinciding with the Forcidicia (feast of Tellus Gravida) and extended until April the 19th. It was a feast of plebeian character and it was organized by the Aediles of the Plebs, while the patricians were considered guests during these days (although before, in the feasts of Cybele –Megalesia- the patricians were the ones who invited the plebeians). In these days people dressed in white, as an expression of their happiness for Proserpine’s return to Ceres’s side, and it was customary to carry pine torches on the street. Even two pines were ritually set alight by night to “light up” Ceres in Her search for Proserpine. It was forbidden to have sexual relations since a day before the beginning of the feasts and until their end. Another rite of this day was to give three turns around the fields with a sow, sacrifying it to Ceres after that. Ovid says that flour and salt can be sacrified to the Goddess on the lararium’s fire (focus), as well as incense or pine branches impregnated in resin. Virgilio adds milk, honey and wine among possible offerings. (text provided by Flaminen Rutilius at http://www.geocities.com/gens_rutilia/Ceres_english.pdf).



On the modern virtual reedition of the Cerealia, we will have the following events



I - Opening/Ending ceremonies and speeches by both aediles

II – Fine Religious public praiers, poems and Hymns to Ceres - Many citizens and worshippers. Public spontaneus manifestations

III – A wonderful Chariot Race - Organized by Aedile M. Curio

IV – A huge Literary Contest - Organized by Aedile L. Arminius

V – A awesome Gladiator Show - Organized by Aedile L. Arminius



The virtual ludi on NR has three proposals: Religious, Cultural and Entertainment.



1- Religious - A humble way to remember and celebrate the memory of the traditional roman gods.

2 - Cultural - The Ludi are a school of romanitas. The aediles flamineque make extensive research and presents it to the citizens on a pretty easy way of understanding.

3 - Entertainment - It is a way to gather our citizens on increasing fellowship.



THE PLEBEAIN AEDILSHIP WANTS TO WARMLY THANK THE FOLLOWING CITIZENS:



To Flaminen Cerealis Hadrianus Rutilius Bardulus

To Senator Marcus Arminius Maior

To Quaestor Publius Tarquitius Rufus

To Scribae Titus Arminius Genialis

To citizen Gaius Galerius Peregrinator

To Cibele´s priestess Iulia Volpisca

To both Curules Aediles

To the fellow Tribunes of the Plebs

To the Praetores, Consules, Censores, Pontifices, Augures et magistrates omnia.

To the citizens participating, sending prayers, joining munera, assembling bigae, writing for the contests.

And for Mother Ceres et Proserpina for blessing them all.







ENJOY THE LUDI CEREALIA!!!











Vale bene in pacem deorum,

L. Arminius Faustus

Senior Plebeian Aedile



L. Arminius Faustus

Senior Plebeian Aedile, Quaestor,

Interpreter (lingua lusitaniae), Scriba propraetoris Brasiliae.

Visit my office at http://geocities.yahoo.com.br/lafaustus/index.html



"I too in words could fight even Immortals..."

Iliad, Homer, book XX

The answer of Hector about Achilles' speeches.



---------------------------------
Yahoo! Mail
O melhor e-mail gratuito da internet: 6MB de espaço, antivírus, acesso POP3, filtro contra spam.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Changing Password
From: "Lucius Pompeius Octavianus" <danielovi@ciudad.com.ar>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 17:22:45 -0000
Salvete omnes.
Me too, I also received the same changing password message.
Valete bene
Lucius Pompeius Octavianus


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Lucius Arminius Faustus"
<lafaustus@y...> wrote:
> Vale,
>
> I received ALSO the changing password message.
>
>
> L. Arminius


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Reseting password
From: "CAS" <cas_the_author@yahoo.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 17:34:00 -0000
And I

SSA


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "L. Cornelius Sulla"
<alexious@e...> wrote:
> Avete Omnes,
>
> A couple of my gens members have emailed me this morning in regards
to an email they are receiving. The email is asking them to "reset
their password."
>
> They are concerned because they have not gone to the Album and
selected that option.
>
> According to the email they forwarded to me the request is comeing
from this addy:
>
> The request to reset the password came from
> 80.58.2.107.proxycache.rima-tde.net (80.58.2.107)
> at 03/04/11 09:09:52 (US/Central timezone)
> using Teleport Pro/1.29.
>
>
> Respectfully,
>
> Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Reseting password
From: Decimus Antoninius Aquitanius <romalist2@yahoo.ca>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 13:55:17 -0400 (EDT)
Salvete Omnes,
Well I guess I'll say my bit to further indicate how
many cives were affected by the password reset message
as I was also contacted about it.


=====
Decimus Antoninius Aquitanius Organbidexka

______________________________________________________________________
Post your free ad now! http://personals.yahoo.ca


Subject: [Nova-Roma] CEREALIA PUBLIC PRAYER - The Orphic Hymn to Ceres/Demeter
From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Lucius=20Arminius=20Faustus?= <lafaustus@yahoo.com.br>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 15:16:38 -0300 (ART)

A CEREALIA PUBLIC PRAYER



The Orphic Hymn to Ceres/Demeter

O Universal mother, Ceres fam'd

August, the source of wealth, and various nam'd:

Great nurse, all-bounteous, blessed and divine,

Who joy'st in peace, to nourish corn is thine:

Goddess of seed, of fruits abundant, fair,

Harvest and threshing, are thy constant care;

Who dwell'st in Eleusina's seats retir'd,

Lovely, delightful queen, by all desir'd.

Nurse of all mortals, whose benignant mind,

First ploughing oxen to the yoke confin'd;

And gave to men, what nature's wants require,

With plenteous means of bliss which all desire.

In verdure flourishing in honor bright,

Assessor of great Bacchus, bearing light:

Rejoicing in the reapers sickles, kind,

Whose nature lucid, earthly, pure, we find.

Prolific, venerable, Nurse divine,

Thy daughter loving, holy Proserpine:

A car with dragons yok'd, 'tis thine to guide,

And orgies singing round thy throne to ride:

Only-begotten, much-producing queen,

All flowers are thine and fruits of lovely green.

Bright Goddess, come, with Summer's rich increase

Swelling and pregnant, leading smiling Peace;

Come, with fair Concord and imperial Health,

And join with these a needful store of wealth





(http://www.geocities.com/gens_rutilia/Ceres_english.pdf)







Vale bene in pacem deorum,

L. Arminius Faustus

Plebeain Aedile



---------------------------------
Yahoo! Mail
O melhor e-mail gratuito da internet: 6MB de espaço, antivírus, acesso POP3, filtro contra spam.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Absence
From: "L. Didius Geminus Sceptius" <sceptia@yahoo.es>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 21:18:34 +0200
Salvete omnes.

[ENGLISH]

I'll be absent from friday 11th at night to friday 18th at morning.
I won't be able to reply any message until friday 18th, so please have it in mind.

[ESPAÑOL]

Estaré ausente desde el viernes 11 por la noche hasta el siguiente viernes 18 por la mañana.
No podré responder a ningún mensaje en este período hasta el viernes 18, así que por favor tenedlo presente.

vale bene,

L·DIDIVS·GEMINVS·SCEPTIVS
========================
TB·PL·NOVA·ROMA·2756·AUC


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: "quintuscassiuscalvus" <richmal@attbi.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 20:11:50 -0000
Salve,

Thank you. I too received the message and forwarded the email to the
Censors. Good luck tracing it.

Vale,

Q. Cassius Calvus

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Kristoffer From <from@d...> wrote:
> Salvete, cives Nova Roma.
>
> It would appear some random (l)user has clicked his way through a
large
> portion of our citizen database, asking for password resets. This is
> completely harmless, except for the spam of course, so just roll
your
> eyes, mutter something about computers, and move on.
>
> Update follows, if I ever succeed in getting a trace on it. Until
then,
> just ignore this.
>
> Valete, Titus Octavius Pius.


Subject: [Nova-Roma] CEREALIA MUNERA - LAST CALL
From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Lucius=20Arminius=20Faustus?= <lafaustus@yahoo.com.br>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 17:43:50 -0300 (ART)
Citizens! There still TWO days for inscribe your fighter! The Cerealia Munera has only 15 might fighters! FOUR ESSEDARIUS - These warriors shall prove that bigae ARE deadly weapon on the Arena.THREE THRACIANS - They were not so popular for nothing! Versatility and fastness!THREE MURMILLOS - Power and good balance on the most famous kind of gladiator!THREE RETIARIUS - Don´t be caught on the Web of Death they bring. Besides seems defenseless, a retiarius is the fastest way for Hades!TWO SAMNITES - Who dare be faced by warriors armed like the old soldiers that have given endless painly wars to might Rome? THERE IS MORE SPACE ON THE LUDUS!RUN! INSCRIBE YOUR WARRIOR UNTIL 13TH APRIL!
LUDI CEREALIA

GLADIATOR GAME







Our ancestors, O judges, ordained that the sacred rites of Ceres should be performed with the very strictest religious reverence and the greatest solemnity;

M. Tullius Cicero, Pro Flacco







OVERVIEW: For the greater glory of Nova Roma, enlightening of our people, and satisfaction of Mother Ceres, the Cerealia Ludi this year is granting a great Muneria Gladiatoria opened to all citizens.



DATES

14th april – First round

16th april – ‘Surprise’ round. The Aediles will make a secret preparation for this game.

The Aediles keep the right to add an extra round if necessary until 19th april.



SUBSCRIPTIONS

Until 13th april!!!!!



You must send a email to Aedile L. Arminius Faustus (lafaustus@yahoo.com.br) with the subject: ‘CEREALIA MUNERA’ with the following:



a) Roman Name

b) Province

c) Gladiator Name (please, choose new gladiators for this game! And don´t get so involved with them, he may not survive)

d) Type of Gladiator (Retiarius, Murmillo, Samnite, Thracian, Essedarius) – This will gaive a automatically natural technique to fight.

e) Fighting Chosen Technique (Aggressive, Defensive and Evasive) – the roman player must keep strict secret the way he addressed to its fighter and it will have bonus depending on the adversary. See the rules below.





“This fault appears not only in the matter of buildings, but also in the shows given by magistrates, whether of gladiators in the forum or of plays on the stage. Here neither delay nor postponement is permissible, but the necessities of the case require that everything should be ready at a fixed time,--the seats for the audience, the awning drawn over them, and whatever, in accordance with the customs of the stage, is provided by machinery to please the eye of the people. These matters require careful thought and planning by a well trained intellect; for none of them can be accomplished without machinery, and without hard study skilfully applied in various ways.”



Vitruvius Pollio, The Ten Books on Architecture





WINNERS

The winner will gain a spectacular reward and glory on a virtual monument on the Aediles Site.







GLADIATOR FIGHT - RULES







Many thanks to G. Galerius Peregrinator and P. Tarquitius Rufus.







I - Types of Gladiators



a) Retiarius: fast gladiator, almost naked, armed with a web and a

trident.



b) Murmillo : very common kind of gladiator, wore a helmet with

the form of a fish and a leather hood, galerum. He uses a heavy sword and a shield.



c) Samnite : carried a sword and shield. The samnite is dressed

like the ancient Samnite warriors defeated by Rome.



d) Thracian : very popular gladiator. Carried a round buckler

and a dagger.



e) Essedarius (chariot-fighter) : the essedarius comes in a bigae

and throws spears.





“By far the greatest sight in the procession was the captured armour, and so magnificent were the pieces considered that the gilded shields were distributed amongst the owners of the silversmiths' shops to adorn the Forum. This is said to be the origin of the custom of the aediles decorating the Forum when the symbols of three Capitoline deities are conducted in procession through the City on the occasion of the Great Games. Whilst the Romans made use of this armour to honour the gods, the Campanians, out of contempt and hatred towards the Samnites, made the gladiators who performed at their banquets wear it, and they then called them `Samnites.'”

Livy, History of Rome, BOOK IX: B.C. 321-304: THE SECOND SAMNITE WAR





II - FIGHTING TECHNIQUES:



a) AGRESSIVE FIGHT : this technique relies on heavy and violent

attacks caring little with defence.



b) EVASIVE FIGHT : this technique relies on speed, constant

escaping, and hit and run.



c) DEFENSIVE FIGHT : this technique relies on defence with

shield to block attacks. The fighter is very defensive, cautious, and fights with precision.





“ Aedilis praeter comitium ac forum basilicasque etiam Capitolium ornauit porticibus ad tempus extructis, in quibus abundante rerum copia pars apparatus exponeretur. uenationes autem ludosque et cum collega et separatim edidit, quo factum est, ut communium quoque inpensarum solus gratiam caperet nec dissimularet collega eius Marcus Bibulus, euenisse sibi quod Polluci: ut enim geminis fratribus aedes in foro constituta tantum Castoris uocaretur, ita suam Caesarisque munificentiam unius Caesaris dici. Adiecit insuper Caesar etiam gladiatorium munus, sed aliquanto paucioribus quam destinauerat paribus; nam cum multiplici undique familia conparata inimicos exterruisset, cautum est de numero gladiatorum, quo ne maiorem cuiquam habere Romae liceret “



G. Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum - LIBER I: DIVVS IVLIVS







III - BONUS:



This rule is like the scissor-paper-stone game, and depending on the manner of fighting the fighter gets a bonus.



a) AGRESSIVE has bonus over DEFENSIVE: the defensive fighter cannot stand all the blows from an agressive fighter



b) DEFENSIVE has bonus over EVASIVE: the defensive fighter is less effective than the aggressive and evasive, but his studied attacks can pick the evasive fighter in mid movement.



c) EVASIVE has bonus over AGRESSIVE: the agressive fighter who attacks all the time is open to hits from a fast evasive fighter.







IV - NATURAL TECHNIQUE AND CHOSEN TECHNIQUE:





The Murmillo and The Thracian are AGRESSIVE.



The Retiarius and The Essedarius are EVASIVE.



The Samnite is DEFENSIVE.



A fighter can choose a different technique for fighting to trap the adversary, and he is free to choose and his choice is kept secret. The natural technique and the chosen technique will be added up for bonus score.





V - THE WOUND RULE



A ´round´ of fight would start by throwing a dice for each player, then bonus is added. The higher value corresponds to the size of wound inflicted.

The fighter who is wounded three times falls. If the difference between total wounds is just one, the public gives mercy to the fallen warrior or thumbs down (or up).







VI - Examples of bonus calculation







FIRST FIGHTER

CORNIFICIUS MAXIMUS - MURMILLO

Citizen: L. Exemplinus

Defensive fighter







SECOND FIGHTER

IUBA NUMIDA - Essedarius

Citizen: M. Puntinus

Evasive Fighter







Murmillo is naturally aggressive. The essedarius is evasive. The

evasive over the aggressive gives Iuba Numida a bonus of +1 to all

attacks.

If both fighters choose to fight defensive there is no bonus.



FIRST FIGHTER

MANLIUS ATROX - Samnite

Citizen: L. Exemplinus

Deffensive Fighting.







SECOND FIGHTER

HAVO PULCHER - Saminte

Citizen: M. Puntinus

Evasive Fighting







This time, the two gladiators are of the same technique of fighting,

but

they choose different techniques. The defensive has bonus over the

evasive.

So Manlius Atrox will have +1 bonus over Havo.







FIRST FIGHTER

MATRONIUS - Samnite

Citizen: L. Exemplinus

Deffensive Fighting







SECOND FIGHTER

AURELIUS ACER- Thracian

Citizen: M. Puntinus

Aggressive Fighting







The two fighters chose to fight according to their natural

techniques,

but in this fight Matronius was unlucky. Aurelius has 2 bonuses over

him due

to the aggressive fighting over the deffensive fighting. So Aurelius's

sum

of bonuses will be +2.







FIRST FIGHTER

MACRINUS - Retiarius

Citizen: L. Exemplinus

Resistance Fighting







SECOND FIGHTER

TITONUS - Essedarius

Citizen: M. Puntinus

Deffensive Fighting







Macrinus and Titonus fight with their assigned techniques, so none

will

have bonus.



FIRST FIGHTER

GALIUS - Retiarius

Citizen: L. Exemplinus

Aggressive Fighting







SECOND FIGHTER

VARO - Murmillo

Citizen: M. Puntinus

Evasive Fighting







An odd, but common situation: Galius has bonus for fighting using

techniques assigned to him and Varo fights using different techniques

than

those assigned to him. All get +1 bonus on the dice.

















VALE BENE!

L. Arminius Faustus
Plebeian Aedile


---------------------------------
Yahoo! Mail
O melhor e-mail gratuito da internet: 6MB de espaço, antivírus, acesso POP3, filtro contra spam.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: "Lilith" <lillistcrow@earthlink.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 20:54:17 -0000
Salve,

I too received this message, and was just a tad bit worried until I
read the NovaRoma digest. Thank you for being so prompt and diligent!

Gaia Ritulia Magistra


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "quintuscassiuscalvus"
<richmal@a...> wrote:
> Salve,
>
> Thank you. I too received the message and forwarded the email to
the
> Censors. Good luck tracing it.
>
> Vale,
>
> Q. Cassius Calvus
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Kristoffer From <from@d...> wrote:
> > Salvete, cives Nova Roma.
> >
> > It would appear some random (l)user has clicked his way through a
> large
> > portion of our citizen database, asking for password resets. This
is
> > completely harmless, except for the spam of course, so just roll
> your
> > eyes, mutter something about computers, and move on.
> >
> > Update follows, if I ever succeed in getting a trace on it. Until
> then,
> > just ignore this.
> >
> > Valete, Titus Octavius Pius.


Subject: [Nova-Roma] CEREALIA WEBSITE
From: "Titus Arminius Genialis" <tagenialis@yahoo.com.br>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 18:55:04 -0300
Salvete quirites!

I'm glad to inform you that Ludi Cerealia 2756 official website is currently
running.
There are three sections that have not been uploaded yet, but by monday they
will be working well.
At this website you will find information about the Cerealia in Ancient
Rome, goddess Ceres, rules and results of the Chariot Races, Cultural
Contest and Gladiator Combats, and many other great information.

Visit it today!

http://geocities.yahoo.com.br/ludicerealia



Valete bene.
May Ceres bless us all.
________________________________________
Titus Arminius Genialis
Accensus Junior Petitor Cohortis Consulis CFQ
Scriba Retiarius Ludorum Cerealiae 2756
Scriba Curatoris Differum
Scriba Retiarius Provinciae Brasiliae
Apparitor Salutis Publicae Templi Concordiae

tagenialis@yahoo.com.br
http://geocities.yahoo.com.br/tagenialis
ICQ UIN: 75873373
________________________________________
“CONCORDIA PARVÆ RES CRESCVNT,
DISCORDIA MAXIMÆ DILABVNTVR.”
— C. Salustius
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

---
Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
Mensagem enviada está livre de vírus.
Enviada por GNBS através do MSO2K.
Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
Version: 6.0.463 / Virus Database: 262 - Release Date: 17/3/2003


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: RES: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: "Titus Arminius Genialis" <tagenialis@yahoo.com.br>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 18:57:41 -0300
Salve.

Yes, I also received it,

Vale.
T. Genialis

> -----Mensagem original-----
> De: Lilith [mailto:lillistcrow@earthlink.net]
> Enviada em: sexta-feira, 11 de abril de 2003 17:54
> Para: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Assunto: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
>
>
> Salve,
>
> I too received this message, and was just a tad bit worried until I
> read the NovaRoma digest. Thank you for being so prompt and diligent!
>
> Gaia Ritulia Magistra
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "quintuscassiuscalvus"
> <richmal@a...> wrote:
> > Salve,
> >
> > Thank you. I too received the message and forwarded the email to
> the
> > Censors. Good luck tracing it.
> >
> > Vale,
> >
> > Q. Cassius Calvus
> >
> > --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Kristoffer From <from@d...> wrote:
> > > Salvete, cives Nova Roma.
> > >
> > > It would appear some random (l)user has clicked his way through a
> > large
> > > portion of our citizen database, asking for password resets. This
> is
> > > completely harmless, except for the spam of course, so just roll
> > your
> > > eyes, mutter something about computers, and move on.
> > >
> > > Update follows, if I ever succeed in getting a trace on it. Until
> > then,
> > > just ignore this.
> > >
> > > Valete, Titus Octavius Pius.
>
>
>
> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
> Nova-Roma-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
>
> ---
> Incoming mail is certified Virus Free.
> Mensagem recebida está livre de vírus.
> Recebida por GNBS através do MSO2K.
> Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
> Version: 6.0.463 / Virus Database: 262 - Release Date: 17/3/2003
>
---
Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free.
Mensagem enviada está livre de vírus.
Enviada por GNBS através do MSO2K.
Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com).
Version: 6.0.463 / Virus Database: 262 - Release Date: 17/3/2003


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: CEREALIA MUNERA - CALLING FOR FIGHTERS!
From: me-in-@disguise.co.uk
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 23:04:46 +0100 (BST)
-----Original Message-----
>From : qfabiusmaxmi@aol.com
Subject : Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: CEREALIA MUNERA - CALLING FOR FIGHTERS!
>
>
>This is the start of “Demetrios the Besieger,“ by Duggan.
>
American edition by amy chance? I once nearly bought Keeper of Genesis by Graham Hancock only to discover it surprisingly familiar. When I got home I saw I had it as Riddle of the Sphinx or some such from American Book of the Month.


--
Personalised email by http://another.com

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: CEREALIA MUNERA - CALLING FOR FIGHTERS!
From: me-in-@disguise.co.uk
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 23:05:01 +0100 (BST)
-----Original Message-----
>From : qfabiusmaxmi@aol.com
Subject : Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: CEREALIA MUNERA - CALLING FOR FIGHTERS!
>
>
>This is the start of “Demetrios the Besieger,“ by Duggan.
>
American edition by amy chance? I once nearly bought Keeper of Genesis by Graham Hancock only to discover it surprisingly familiar. When I got home I saw I had it as Riddle of the Sphinx or some such from American Book of the Month.
Caesariensis


--
Personalised email by http://another.com

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] On the Pronunciation of Classical Latin
From: me-in-@disguise.co.uk
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 23:15:44 +0100 (BST)
-----Original Message-----
>From : Gregory Rose <gfr@intcon.net>
G. Iulius Scaurus S.P.D.
>
>
>http://www.orbilat.com/Latin/Grammar/Latin-Pronunciation-Syllable-Accent.html
>
A possibly important exception to the late and post period is that Ci and Ti do not seem to have developed in Britain as they did everywhere else. That is, C and T before I behaved exactly as anywhere else. This could be because Celtic still retains a hard[er] C there while any early Anglo-Saxons certainly did as well, though in later Old English it became what we now write Ch. So a word like Ratione leading to Raison in French, Razione Italian (Z = Ts) would likely have developed as Radione and subsequently Rajone had a romance language survived.

Caesariensis.


--
Personalised email by http://another.com

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] On the Pronunciation of Classical Latin
From: me-in-@disguise.co.uk
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 23:16:07 +0100 (BST)
-----Original Message-----
>From : Gregory Rose <gfr@intcon.net>
G. Iulius Scaurus S.P.D.
>
>
>http://www.orbilat.com/Latin/Grammar/Latin-Pronunciation-Syllable-Accent.html
>
A possibly important exception to the late and post period is that Ci and Ti do not seem to have developed in Britain as they did everywhere else. That is, C and T before I behaved exactly as in any other position. This could be because Celtic still retains a hard[er] C there while any early Anglo-Saxons certainly did as well, though in later Old English it became what we now write Ch. So a word like Ratione leading to Raison in French, Razione Italian (Z = Ts) would likely have developed as Radione and subsequently Rajone had a romance language survived.

Caesariensis.


--
Personalised email by http://another.com

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] test
From: "Gaius Galerius Peregrinator" <gaiusgalerius@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 22:16:11 +0000

test




_________________________________________________________________
MSN 8 helps eliminate e-mail viruses. Get 2 months FREE*.
http://join.msn.com/?page=features/virus


Subject: FW: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: me-in-@disguise.co.uk
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 23:24:40 +0100 (BST)
-----Original Message-----
>From : Kristoffer From <from@darkeye.net>
>To : Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
>>
>>It would appear some random (l)user has clicked his way through a large
>>portion of our citizen database, asking for password resets. This is
>>completely harmless, except for the spam of course, so just roll your
>>eyes, mutter something about computers, and move on.
>>
>The odd thing is that I got mine at a different address!
>Caesariensis.


"Never do today what you can do tomorrow or for yourself what you can get another to do for you" - Henry Fox MP (18th Century)



--
Personalised email by http://another.com

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


Subject: [Nova-Roma] Legions for Mac
From: Charlie Collins <cotta@spamcop.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 17:56:21 -0500
Salve,
I found the following info on the MacNN site:

Freeverse is now shippping Legion, the epic strategy game set in
ancient Rome. The turn-based strategy game puts users "in control of
vast armies as you seek to conquer your neighbors through military
might. With huge, historically accurate maps of the Ancient World,
large battlefields, and units ranging from Praetorian Guards to Celtic
Cavalry, Legion is the ultimate test for would-be Caesars!" The title
is $20 is available for Mac OS 9/X.

Vale,

Sextus Cornelius Cotta

Propraetor
America Medioccidentalis Superior Province
Nova Roma
AIM: WyrdCharlie


Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Legions for Mac
From: "L. Cornelius Sulla" <alexious@earthlink.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 15:56:51 -0700
Avete Omnes,

You can also visit the message board for the game at www.europa-universalis.com. At that site you can get game tips, tech support advice for any issues, and updates and patches for the game.

Respectfully,

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
----- Original Message -----
From: Charlie Collins
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Friday, April 11, 2003 3:56 PM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Legions for Mac


Salve,
I found the following info on the MacNN site:

Freeverse is now shippping Legion, the epic strategy game set in
ancient Rome. The turn-based strategy game puts users "in control of
vast armies as you seek to conquer your neighbors through military
might. With huge, historically accurate maps of the Ancient World,
large battlefields, and units ranging from Praetorian Guards to Celtic
Cavalry, Legion is the ultimate test for would-be Caesars!" The title
is $20 is available for Mac OS 9/X.

Vale,

Sextus Cornelius Cotta

Propraetor
America Medioccidentalis Superior Province
Nova Roma
AIM: WyrdCharlie


Subject: [Nova-Roma] I got it too
From: Lucius Porticus Brutus <steeldriver@juno.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 18:38:28 -0500
I got the password confirmation thing too so I thought to check it out
and I got logged in and then I thought "While I am at it, vote" so I went
to look through some of the things and vote for my choices...put in my
voter code and there's no ballots? Could I be having a malformed code??

LPB

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Yelbrim Skrain Bodak
Intelligence/Communications
DCS Ravek / Marnak, 7th Order

________________________________________________________________
Sign Up for Juno Platinum Internet Access Today
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Subject: Re: FW: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: Marcus Octavius Germanicus <haase@konoko.net>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 18:38:25 -0500 (CDT)

Salvete Cives,

Today, a luser at rima-tde.net (apparently an ISP in Madrid) made
18,408 requests to the Nova Roma web site using a program called
"Teleport Pro/1.29".

This "Teleport Pro" is apparently a web spider - meant to crawl across
pages to build a search engine's database. Usually this is harmless.

Unfortunately, the programmers of "Teleport Pro" (who are no doubt
*intelligent* and *competent*) decided that their searches should
include submitting every form they come across - even converting "POST"
requests into "GET" requests.

There are two ways to load a page in HTTP. Normally, you "GET" a page.
"GET" requests are supposed to be repeatable, and the convention is that
they won't cause anything to change on the server side -- they're merely
requests to view a resource.

A "POST" request, which can carry a larger payload of data and is
therefore generally used for forms, *is* intended to cause things to
happen on the server - a database record may be created, mail sent,
etcetera.

I designed the form that makes up the first part of the password reset
tool to use "POST" requests, as intelligent and competent programmers
of web-crawling programs know that they should not frivolously submit
"POST" requests.

But the programmers of "Teleport Pro" apparently feel that they can
defy standards and transform POSTs into GETs whenever they wish.
Thus, they submittted the password reset form for hundreds of citizens -
perhaps every citizen.

Not only was this absolutely moronic, but this one user made 18,000
requests today - about three times the load that the site usually
handles. This is clearly excessive, but fortunately did no real
harm - the server is operating well under its capacity.

To prevent further abuse, I have temporarily blocked all RIMA-TDE.NET
users from www.novaroma.org. I will be writing to their sysadmins
asking that action be taken against this user who copied our entire
site without permission, and used poorly-crafted software to do so.
Until I hear back from them, we must unfortunately protect ourselves
from RIMA-TDE's users.

A long term improvement might be to force anyone requesting a password
reset to type some random word (displayed onscreen) into a box; this is
easy for a human to do, difficult for a program to do.

The assistance of a Spanish volunteer in translating the letter of
complaint would be much appreciated.

Valete, Octavius.

--
Marcus Octavius Germanicus,
Censor, Consular, Citizen.
http://konoko.net/~haase/


Subject: FW: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: Password Reset
From: "Marcus Africanus Secundus" <markginjax@yahoo.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Apr 2003 23:49:01 -0000
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Marcus Octavius Germanicus
<haase@c...> wrote:
>
> Salvete Cives,
>
> Today, a luser at rima-tde.net (apparently an ISP in Madrid) made
> 18,408 requests to the Nova Roma web site using a program called
> "Teleport Pro/1.29".
Just to make certain..the password changing was actually at the real
www.novaroma.com? No one has my password..right?

I had thought because I havent been active much someone was trying to
get my attention.


Be Well
Marcus Africanus Secundus