Annals (Nova Roma) - Revision history

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: language fixes

2026-02-17T00:14:11Z

language fixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:14, 17 February 2026
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	=Introduction to the Annals of Nova Roma=		=Introduction to the Annals of Nova Roma=

−	In the late 1990s AD, the development of the World Wide Web gave rise to a new socio-political phenomenon: people from all around to world who identified with a culture could~~, for the first time in history,~~ unite and form a community despite vast geographical distances. Although identifying as a modern Roman is a very logical conclusion if one analyzes the historical development of ~~our~~ modern European or Western culture, ~~yet it has always been just a~~ very few people, scattered around the globe, ~~who~~ made this deduction and ~~came~~ to the conclusion that they are modern Romans, sons and daughters of a more than two thousand ~~year~~ old ~~tradition~~. Those individuals ~~in the world~~ who ~~did~~ not only ~~love~~ Roman history, but ~~actually~~ felt Roman in their ~~heart, who~~ identified as Romans, could, for the first time, meet, converse and form a living community with the help of the internet. This ~~huge~~ potential was ~~seen~~ by our [[founders of Nova Roma\|founders]], ~~and they grabbed~~ the opportunity in ~~good~~ time to ~~found~~ an international, ~~world-wide~~ New Roman nation, Nova Roma, a cultural nation and community of ~~common~~ identity. It would have been impossible before the age of internet~~, and.~~ at best, Nova Roma would have ~~always~~ remained a local community, just how it ~~started~~ in {{1998}}.	+	In the late 1990s AD, the development of the World Wide Web gave rise to a new socio-political phenomenon: for the first time in history, people from all around the world who identified with a shared culture could unite and form a community despite vast geographical distances. Although identifying as a modern Roman is a very logical conclusion when one analyzes the historical development of modern European or Western culture, only very few people, scattered around the globe, have historically made this deduction and come to the conclusion that they are modern Romans, sons and daughters of a tradition more than two thousand years old.Those individuals who not only loved Roman history but also felt Roman in their hearts and identified as Romans could, for the first time, meet, converse, and form a living community with the help of the internet. This enormous potential was recognized by our [[founders of Nova Roma\|founders]], who seized the opportunity in time to establish an international, worldwide New Roman nation, Nova Roma, a cultural nation and a community of spiritual identity. This would have been impossible before the age of the internet; at best, Nova Roma would have remained a local community, just like how it originally began in {{1998}}.

	==Before the founding==		==Before the founding==

−	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the ''magister militum'' deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly ~~held to be~~ the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480 (1233 AUC), Zeno was ~~considered the~~ emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) ~~the~~ emperor of Romans in 800 (1553 AUC), Rome was formally considered ~~to be~~ part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, that is, Constantinople, ~~the~~ full name ~~of which~~ included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" represented survival and revival of ''[[Romanitas]]'' since ~~the early Middle Ages~~.	+	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the ''magister militum'' deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly regarded the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480 (1233 AUC), Zeno was regarded as emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) emperor of the Romans in 800 (1553 AUC), Rome was formally considered part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, that is, Constantinople, whose full official name included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" has represented the survival and revival of ''[[Romanitas]]'' ever since.

−	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as ~~the~~ renewal of the Western Roman Empire, ~~but~~ with the difference that, ~~while~~ the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized ~~each other~~ and ~~considered~~ the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (~~which came to be~~ labeled ~~as "~~Byzantine Empire" by historians ~~but was~~ never ~~called~~ so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the ~~only~~ legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.	+	The Holy Roman Empire, founded by Carolus Magnus, served as a renewal of the Western Roman Empire, with the important difference that, whereas the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized one another and regarded the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France, and Germany and the Roman Empire ruled from Constantinople (later labeled the Byzantine Empire by historians, though never so called by its inhabitants) did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the sole legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.

−	~~The~~ concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more ~~just~~ an empty formality ~~as the centuries went~~, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals ~~started~~ to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual ~~rules~~ of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they ~~wanted~~ to ~~go back~~ authentically to ~~the~~ Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell~~, too~~, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was ~~determined~~ by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. With the ~~disappearing~~ of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome ~~was~~ noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it ~~has to~~ be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.	+	As the centuries passed, the concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more an empty formality, and many free-thinking medieval intellectuals began to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rule of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and the people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in the sense that they sought to return authentically to Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC), and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC), were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell as well, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred to as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty, and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short-lived and without any real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this act, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was shaped by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples, and Sicily. With the disappearance of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome became noticeable from the early 20th century; however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it must be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity, even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even though the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law, and republicanism.

−	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many participants these have become genuine experiences of another, better way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of reviving the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters" inspired the founding fathers of Nova Roma, Cassius and Vedius.	+	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not on the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many participants these have become genuine experiences of another, better way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of reviving the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters" inspired the founding fathers of Nova Roma, Cassius and Vedius.

−	Nova Roma was born in New England, in the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' ~~affiliated with~~ the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by [[Agrippina Maria Glauca (Nova Roma)\|Agrippina Maria Glauca]] just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]], from Brazil, Canada, Italy, Mexico, the Unites Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. Due to ~~the~~ international nature ~~of Nova Roma at~~ the very moment of founding, Nova Roma started with several ~~founding~~ provinces, territorial subdivsions, that were made up ~~from~~ the countries which participated with citizens in the founding: Provincia Britannia, Brasilia, Italia, ~~Mexixo~~, the two provinces of Canada, and eight provinces in the United States from which the majority of the founding citizens came, as the other provinces consisted of just one or two citizens at that time. A small but already worldwide community was born, and the work of reconstructing living ''Romanitas'' started immediately. The rest is history.	+	Nova Roma was born in New England, in the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' member of the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by [[Agrippina Maria Glauca (Nova Roma)\|Agrippina Maria Glauca]] just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]], from Brazil, Canada, Italy, Mexico, the Unites Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. Due to its international nature from the very moment of founding, Nova Roma started with several provinces, territorial subdivsions, that were made up of the countries which participated with citizens in the founding: Provincia Britannia, Brasilia, Italia, Mexico, the two provinces of Canada, and eight provinces in the United States from which the majority of the founding citizens came, as the other provinces consisted of just one or two citizens at that time. A small but already worldwide community was born, and the work of reconstructing living ''Romanitas'' started immediately. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: Added the countries of founding citizens

2026-02-16T10:03:04Z

Added the countries of founding citizens

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:03, 16 February 2026
Line 24:		Line 24:
	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many participants these have become genuine experiences of another, better way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of reviving the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters" inspired the founding fathers of Nova Roma, Cassius and Vedius.		After these events, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many participants these have become genuine experiences of another, better way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of reviving the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters" inspired the founding fathers of Nova Roma, Cassius and Vedius.

−	Nova Roma was born in New England, in the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by ~~'''~~Agrippina Maria Glauca~~'''~~ just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. ~~The membership was~~ international, ~~from~~ several countries in ~~Europe and America from~~ the ~~first days~~, ~~and~~, ~~with~~ the ~~help~~ of the ~~internet~~, a small but already worldwide community was born ~~under~~ the ~~course~~ of ~~a few weeks~~. The rest is history.	+	Nova Roma was born in New England, in the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by [[Agrippina Maria Glauca (Nova Roma)\|Agrippina Maria Glauca]] just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]], from Brazil, Canada, Italy, Mexico, the Unites Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. Due to the international nature of Nova Roma at the very moment of founding, Nova Roma started with several founding provinces, territorial subdivsions, that were made up from the countries which participated with citizens in the founding: Provincia Britannia, Brasilia, Italia, Mexixo, the two provinces of Canada, and eight provinces in the United States from which the majority of the founding citizens came, as the other provinces consisted of just one or two citizens at that time. A small but already worldwide community was born, and the work of reconstructing living ''Romanitas'' started immediately. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: sentence fixes

2024-02-22T17:20:53Z

sentence fixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:20, 22 February 2024
Line 22:		Line 22:
	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, too, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.		The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, too, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.

−	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many these have become genuine experiences of another way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman ~~revival~~ movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of ~~the revival of~~ the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters"~~, served the primary inspiration to Cassius and Vedius,~~ the founding fathers of Nova Roma.	+	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many participants these have become genuine experiences of another, better way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of reviving the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters" inspired the founding fathers of Nova Roma, Cassius and Vedius.

−	~~The movement of~~ Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.	+	Nova Roma was born in New England, in the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: typo

2024-02-22T17:08:14Z

typo

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:08, 22 February 2024
Line 20:		Line 20:
	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.		The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.

−	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, too, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily~~. The last surviving successor to the Roman Empire, the Papal State of Rome was dissolved by Italy in 1871 (2624 AUC)~~. With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.	+	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, too, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.

−	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as ~~the~~ the Movimento Tradizionale Romano founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many these have become genuine experiences of another way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman revival movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of the revival of the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters", served the primary inspiration to Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.	+	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the Movimento Tradizionale Romano founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many these have become genuine experiences of another way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman revival movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of the revival of the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters", served the primary inspiration to Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.

	The movement of Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.		The movement of Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: More fixes

2024-02-22T17:03:30Z

More fixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:03, 22 February 2024
Line 20:		Line 20:
	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.		The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.

−	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the ~~same~~ year (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"). Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's ~~were~~ the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without effort ~~of being~~ culturally Roman. ~~Soon after these attempts~~, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, ~~cutting~~ the ~~last existing~~ legal ~~state~~-ties to the Roman Empire. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. The last surviving successor to the Roman Empire, the Papal State of Rome was dissolved by Italy in 1871 (2624 AUC). With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the ~~most notable~~ attempts to bring back certain aspects of ~~the~~ ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism. After this, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.	+	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the year of Porcari's demise (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, too, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"), which led to the reintroduction of Roman principles into public discourse, such as republicanism, liberty and equality. Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's followed: the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without real effort to be culturally Roman. During this period, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, the legal statehood-ties to the Roman Empire were completely cut. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. The last surviving successor to the Roman Empire, the Papal State of Rome was dissolved by Italy in 1871 (2624 AUC). With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the attempts to bring back certain aspects of ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that, for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.

−	The movement of Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally ~~and religiously~~ identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.	+	After these events, for several decades in the 20th century Roman revivalism existed only in Italy, such as the the Movimento Tradizionale Romano founded in 1988 (2741 AUC), but these groups were dedicated only to certain aspects of Roman culture, usually focused on Roman religion only, and not to the holistic revival of the Roman civic identity. From 1972 (2725 AUC), the first Roman reenactment societies started to appear, bringing back even more aspects of Roman culture, especially material culture, and the idea of authentic reconstructionism in practice: while these served as educational spectacles to most, to many these have become genuine experiences of another way of life and way of thinking. Motivated by the Italian Roman religion revivalists and by the growing interest in Roman reenactment, the final impulse to start the international Roman revival movement was the founding of the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes in 1997 (2750 AUC), and in the method of the revival of the Roman commonwealth, the idea of micronations, or a landless spiritual nation as a "Republic of Letters", served the primary inspiration to Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.
		+
		+	The movement of Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: Completed with historical details before the founding

2024-02-22T15:56:59Z

Completed with historical details before the founding

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:56, 22 February 2024
Line 16:		Line 16:
	==Before the founding==		==Before the founding==

−	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the ''magister militum'' deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly held to be the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480, Zeno was considered the emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) the emperor of Romans in 800, Rome was formally considered to be part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, that is, Constantinople, the full name of which included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" represented survival and revival of ''[[Romanitas]]'' since the early Middle Ages.	+	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the ''magister militum'' deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly held to be the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480 (1233 AUC), Zeno was considered the emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) the emperor of Romans in 800 (1553 AUC), Rome was formally considered to be part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, that is, Constantinople, the full name of which included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" represented survival and revival of ''[[Romanitas]]'' since the early Middle Ages.

	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.		The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.

−	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. ~~A similar heir~~ to ~~this~~ authentic ~~approach was~~ the Roman Republic ~~that existed~~ between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC). As Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, ~~however,~~ historically it has to be mentioned ~~as one of~~ the attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. ~~The~~ fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.	+	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 (2206 AUC) were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. In the same year (2206 AUC), Constantinople fell, but the Eastern Roman scholars escaping to Italy caused a Roman cultural renaissance (simply referred as "the Renaissance"). Other authentic Roman national approaches similar to di Rienzo's and Porcari's were the Roman Republic established between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC), both short lived and without effort of being culturally Roman. Soon after these attempts, the Holy Roman Empire of the West was also dissolved on 6 August, 1806 (2559 AUC), and with this, cutting the last existing legal state-ties to the Roman Empire. When the Kingdom of Italy was established with the unification of Italy in 1861 (2614 AUC), it was characterized by a lack of interest in ''Romanitas'' and by a modern sentiment of "Italianism:" the ethos of the new country was determined by the ideas of Mazzinianism, the ''risorgimento'', and by a national sentiment born in Piedmont-Sardinia, Tuscany, Naples and Sicily. The last surviving successor to the Roman Empire, the Papal State of Rome was dissolved by Italy in 1871 (2624 AUC). With the disappearing of the last vestiges of the Roman Empire, a growing nostalgia for the glory of ancient Rome was noticeable from the early 20th century, however, as Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, but historically it has to be mentioned among the most notable attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. This fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism. After this, for several decades in the 20th century, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.

−	For several decades, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of ~~Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.~~	+	The movement of Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied for citizenship by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.
−		+
−	Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.	+

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus at 08:43, 18 August 2023

2023-08-18T08:43:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:43, 18 August 2023
Line 20:		Line 20:
	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.		The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.

−	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over ~~the~~ Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. A similar heir to this authentic approach was the Roman Republic that existed between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC). As Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, however, historically it has to be mentioned as one of the attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. The fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.	+	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. A similar heir to this authentic approach was the Roman Republic that existed between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC). As Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, however, historically it has to be mentioned as one of the attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. The fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.

	For several decades, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.		For several decades, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.

−	Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries ~~from~~ Europe and America from the first ~~day~~, and ~~from New England~~, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.	+	Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries in Europe and America from the first days, and, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus at 11:15, 9 August 2023

2023-08-09T11:15:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 9 August 2023
Line 12:		Line 12:
	=Introduction to the Annals of Nova Roma=		=Introduction to the Annals of Nova Roma=

−	In the late 1990s AD, the development of the World Wide Web gave rise to a new socio-political phenomenon: people from all around to world who identified with a culture could, for the first time in history, unite and form a community despite vast geographical distances. Although identifying as a modern Roman is a very logical conclusion if one analyzes the historical development of our modern European or Western culture, yet it has always been just a very few people, scattered around the globe, who made this deduction and came to the conclusion that they are modern Romans, sons and daughters of a more than two thousand year old tradition. Those individuals in the world who did not only love Roman history, but actually felt Roman in their heart, who identified as Romans, could for the first time meet, converse and form a living community with the help of the internet. This huge potential was seen by our [[founders of Nova Roma\|founders]], and they grabbed the opportunity in good time to found an international, world-wide New Roman nation, Nova Roma, a cultural nation and community of common identity. It would have been impossible before the age of internet, and at best, Nova Roma would have always remained a local community, just how it started in {{1998}}.	+	In the late 1990s AD, the development of the World Wide Web gave rise to a new socio-political phenomenon: people from all around to world who identified with a culture could, for the first time in history, unite and form a community despite vast geographical distances. Although identifying as a modern Roman is a very logical conclusion if one analyzes the historical development of our modern European or Western culture, yet it has always been just a very few people, scattered around the globe, who made this deduction and came to the conclusion that they are modern Romans, sons and daughters of a more than two thousand year old tradition. Those individuals in the world who did not only love Roman history, but actually felt Roman in their heart, who identified as Romans, could, for the first time, meet, converse and form a living community with the help of the internet. This huge potential was seen by our [[founders of Nova Roma\|founders]], and they grabbed the opportunity in good time to found an international, world-wide New Roman nation, Nova Roma, a cultural nation and community of common identity. It would have been impossible before the age of internet, and. at best, Nova Roma would have always remained a local community, just how it started in {{1998}}.

	==Before the founding==		==Before the founding==

−	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the magister militum deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly held to be the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480, Zeno was considered the emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) emperor of Romans in 800, Rome was formally considered to be part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, Constantinople, the full name of which included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" represented survival and revival of Romanitas since the early Middle Ages.	+	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the ''magister militum'' deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly held to be the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480, Zeno was considered the emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) the emperor of Romans in 800, Rome was formally considered to be part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, that is, Constantinople, the full name of which included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" represented survival and revival of ''[[Romanitas]]'' since the early Middle Ages.

−	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (~~that~~ came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.	+	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that, while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (which came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other, and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.

−	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more ~~formal and~~ empty as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual ~~national~~ rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over the so people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. A similar heir to this authentic approach was the Roman Republic that existed between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC). As Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, however, historically it has to be mentioned as one of the attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. The fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.	+	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more just an empty formality as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over the Italy and people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. A similar heir to this authentic approach was the Roman Republic that existed between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC). As Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, however, historically it has to be mentioned as one of the attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. The fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.

−	For a several decades, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.	+	For several decades, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.

−	Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries from Europe and America from the first day, and from New England, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.	+	Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community as a spiritual Roman nation and new Roman Republic was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries from Europe and America from the first day, and from New England, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: More background story

2023-08-09T10:58:49Z

More background story

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:58, 9 August 2023
Line 16:		Line 16:
	==Before the founding==		==Before the founding==

−	Nova Roma was born in New England, United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries from Europe and America from the first day, and from New England, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.	+	Rome never truly fell. Contrarily to common belief, the Roman state and nation, usually called the Roman Empire, was not dissolved in 476 AD (1229 AUC). When Odoacer, the magister militum deposed the usurper Romulus Augustulus (commonly held to be the last Western Roman emperor), Iulius Nepos, the lawful Western Roman emperor was still reigning, and was recognized as emperor by his co-emperor, the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno. When Iulius Nepos died in 480, Zeno was considered the emperor of both halves of the empire. Until the pope crowned Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne) emperor of Romans in 800, Rome was formally considered to be part of the unified Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinopolis Nova Roma, Constantinople, the full name of which included "Nova Roma" (New Rome). The idea of a "Nova Roma" represented survival and revival of Romanitas since the early Middle Ages.
		+
		+	The Holy Roman Empire founded by Carolus Magnus served as the renewal of the Western Roman Empire, but with the difference that while the earlier Western and Eastern halves of the Empire mutually recognized each other and considered the other half as part of the same empire, the Holy Roman Empire of Italy, France and Germany and the Roman Empire of Constantinople (that came to be labeled as "Byzantine Empire" by historians but was never called so by its inhabitants), did not recognize each other and both claimed to be the only legitimate continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.
		+
		+	The concept of the continued Roman Empire became more and more formal and empty as the centuries went, and many free thinking medieval intellectuals started to see the discrepancy between the alleged claim of a continued Roman Empire and the actual national rules of the German monarchs and the Catholic Church over the so people of Rome. These medieval grassroots initiatives were the earliest predecessors of Nova Roma in a sense that they wanted to go back authentically to the Roman roots: the restored Roman Republic of [[Cola di Rienzo]] in 1347 (2100 AUC) and similar attempts by [[Stefano Porcari]] in 1453 were made in the spirit of Roman revivalism. A similar heir to this authentic approach was the Roman Republic that existed between 1798-1799 (2551-2552 AUC) with the support of the French Republic, and the Roman Republic of 1849–1850 (2602-2603 AUC). As Nova Roma rejects all forms of fascism, we do not consider Mussolini's Italian Empire among our inspirations, however, historically it has to be mentioned as one of the attempts to bring back certain aspects of the ancient Roman identity even though in a disfigured and morally wrong form. The fascist interpretation of Rome was the reason that for a long period in the 20th century, Rome became identified with megalomania and oppression, even if the real, historical ancient Rome was in fact the cradle of freedom, justice, law and republicanism.
		+
		+	For a several decades, Roman revivalism only existed in Italy, in such cultural and religious organizations like the Movimento Tradizionale Romano, influenced by the more active Greek revivalists, the Supreme Council of Ethnic Hellenes. Primarily these two communities inspired Cassius and Vedius, the founding fathers of Nova Roma.
		+
		+	Nova Roma was born in New England, the United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans, and who became friends during 1995-1997: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries from Europe and America from the first day, and from New England, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.

	=Historical account by year=		=Historical account by year=

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: Updated

2023-08-09T09:55:40Z

Updated

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:55, 9 August 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[Category:Nova Roma History]]		[[Category:Nova Roma History]]
	{{LanguageBar \| Annals (Nova Roma)}}{{Calendar articles}}		{{LanguageBar \| Annals (Nova Roma)}}{{Calendar articles}}
−	~~These~~ are the Annals of [[Nova Roma]], from its founding {{1998}} to the present.	+	The ancient Roman '''''Annales Maximi''''' (the "Great Yearbooks", [[Latin]]) were the official state records of events accounting year by year all that mattered to the ''res publica'' and were published by the ''[[pontifex\|pontifices]]''. The following are the Annals of [[Nova Roma]], from its founding in {{1998}} to the present. Please note that this is an ongoing editorial project, and it is not ready at present: there are many gaps that will be filled during future work.
		+	__NOTOC__
		+	=The years of Nova Roma=

−	The Roman numeral for each year links to a page with the events and magistrates of that year.	+	The Roman numeral for each year '''links to a page''' with the events and magistrates of that year.

	These are the years of Nova Roma's existence:		These are the years of Nova Roma's existence:
	{{:Consular Years (Nova Roma)}}		{{:Consular Years (Nova Roma)}}

−	~~__NOTOC__~~	+	=Introduction to the Annals of Nova Roma=
		+
		+	In the late 1990s AD, the development of the World Wide Web gave rise to a new socio-political phenomenon: people from all around to world who identified with a culture could, for the first time in history, unite and form a community despite vast geographical distances. Although identifying as a modern Roman is a very logical conclusion if one analyzes the historical development of our modern European or Western culture, yet it has always been just a very few people, scattered around the globe, who made this deduction and came to the conclusion that they are modern Romans, sons and daughters of a more than two thousand year old tradition. Those individuals in the world who did not only love Roman history, but actually felt Roman in their heart, who identified as Romans, could for the first time meet, converse and form a living community with the help of the internet. This huge potential was seen by our [[founders of Nova Roma\|founders]], and they grabbed the opportunity in good time to found an international, world-wide New Roman nation, Nova Roma, a cultural nation and community of common identity. It would have been impossible before the age of internet, and at best, Nova Roma would have always remained a local community, just how it started in {{1998}}.
		+
		+	==Before the founding==
		+
		+	Nova Roma was born in New England, United States of America, as a tiny local community of six people who culturally and religiously identified as Romans: [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|M. Cassius Iulianus]] and his wife [[Patricia Cassia (Nova Roma)\|Patricia Cassia]], [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)\|Fl. Vedius Germanicus]] and his wife [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)\|Priscilla Vedia Serena]] and [[Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (Nova Roma)\|Dec. Iunius Palladius]] who met through [[Gaius Iulius Iulianus (Nova Roma)\|C. Iulius Iulianus]], a practitioner of the ''religio Romana'' affiliated with the Italian Movimento Tradizionale Romano. Making it a worldwide community was the idea of Cassius and Vedius: they put advertisements in printed newspapers and internet forums, such as the [https://quemdixerechaos.com/2012/11/29/romarch-instructions/ ROMARCH], the first Internet e-mail discussion and distribution list for ancient Roman art and archaeology. They were joined by '''Agrippina Maria Glauca''' just before the founding. Early on in 1998, they announced in various publications that the re-founding of the Roman nation will take place on {{Mar 1}, and collected applications for citizenship by postal letters (snail mails). Approximately [[Founders of Nova Roma\|'''thirty citizens''' applied by the Foundation Day]]. On '''{{Feb 28}} of 2751 AUC''', Cassius and Vedius proclaimed the [[Declaration of Nova Roma]], and, on the following day, the Kalends of March, the founding citizens acclaimed, in a form of a primitive, primordial and informal [[Comitia (Nova Roma)\|''comitia curiata'']], the founding of the Nova Roman nation with its first Constitution and with M. Cassius and Fl. Vedius as its first consuls and censors, Dec. Iunius as its first praetor and [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus (Nova Roma)\|Q. Caecilius Metellus]] as its first plebeian aedilis. The membership was international, from several countries from Europe and America from the first day, and from New England, with the help of the internet, a small but already worldwide community was born under the course of a few weeks. The rest is history.
		+
		+	=Historical account by year=

	=={{1998}}==		=={{1998}}==