Liber

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(New page: Ancient Italic diety of germination and agriculture. Later he was assimilated with Bacchus, Greek Dionysus. Liber Pater was an important diety and his cult was originally a phallic cult. I...)
 
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Ancient Italic diety of germination and agriculture. Later he was assimilated with Bacchus, Greek Dionysus. Liber Pater was an important diety and his cult was originally a phallic cult. In Lavinium an entire month was given to his celebration which featured a procession of a phallus that was crowned by the most worthy of the ''Italic text''matronae''Italic text''.
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{{LanguageBar|Liber}}
Additionaly the cult was also to assure the the success of the crops & to avert evil, the phallus was a ''Italic text''fascinatio''Italic text''of the fields much like Priapus was in the courtyards of homes - to avert danger. For his protection of the wheat & fruits Liber always remained a diety of the plebeians.
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[[Liber]] is an ancient Italic deity of germination and agriculture. Later he was assimilated with Bacchus, Greek Dionysus. Their names were used interchangably. Liber Pater [he was always called 'Liber Pater' Venerable] was an important deity. In Lavinium an entire month was given to his celebration which featured a procession of a phallus that was crowned by the most worthy of the ''matronae''.  
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Additionaly his cult was to assure the the success of the crops and to avert evil; the phallus was a ''fascinatio'' of the fields much like [[Priapus]] was in the courtyards of homes to avert danger. For his protection of the wheat and fruits Liber always remained a deity of the plebeians.
 
   
 
   
In Rome his temple the temple of Ceres, Liber and Libera on the Aventine was built in 493 B.C. by the consul Sp. Cassius, after the dictator L. Postumius vowed due to a famine, if the gods would bring abundance.
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In Rome, his temple, that of [[Ceres]], Liber and [[Libera]] on the Aventine, was built in 493 B.C.E. by the consul Sp. Cassius, after the dictator A. Postumius vowed it, due to a famine, if the gods would bring abundance. This was the Greek cult and thus an official recognition of Greek Dionysus. Though Bacchus in his Greek form had long been worshipped in Italy.  The 'thiasos' (Latin ''thiasus'') was usually male or mixed with the female sacerdos presiding and were devoted to banquets and retelling of the god's myth.
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Bacchus was worshipped in the Roman way with collegia devoted to celebrating his feria with dinners much in the manner indicated by Ovid in his Fasti.
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[[Image:Liber courtesy of Vroma.jpg|frame]]
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The [[Liberalia]] an ancient festival supposedly even more ancient than the [[Ceres|Cerealia]] took place a.d XVI Kal. Aprilis (March 17th) The day was given to enjoyment while priests and priestesses of Liber sold small cakes, ''liba'' in honour of the festival. Also during this festival young males exchanged the ''toga praetexta'' of childhood for the ''toga virilis'' or ''toga libera''; bullas and dolls along with the toga praetexta would be consecrated to the Lares.
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==Vide== 
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:Bruhl, "Liber Pater"
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:Francoise Jaccottet "Choisir Dionysos"
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:Susan Guettel Cole,various articles
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:Ovid, Fasti
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The Liberalia an ancient festival supposedly even more ancient than the Cerealia was given to enjoyment while priests and priestesses of Liber sold small cakes,''Italic text''liba''Italic text'' in honour of the festival. Also during this festival young males exchanged the ''Italic text''toga praetexta''Italic text''of childhood for the ''Italic text''toga virilis''Italic text'' or ''Italic text''toga libera''Italic text''
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[[Category:Roman Gods]]

Revision as of 09:58, 27 January 2013

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Liber is an ancient Italic deity of germination and agriculture. Later he was assimilated with Bacchus, Greek Dionysus. Their names were used interchangably. Liber Pater [he was always called 'Liber Pater' Venerable] was an important deity. In Lavinium an entire month was given to his celebration which featured a procession of a phallus that was crowned by the most worthy of the matronae.

Additionaly his cult was to assure the the success of the crops and to avert evil; the phallus was a fascinatio of the fields much like Priapus was in the courtyards of homes to avert danger. For his protection of the wheat and fruits Liber always remained a deity of the plebeians.

In Rome, his temple, that of Ceres, Liber and Libera on the Aventine, was built in 493 B.C.E. by the consul Sp. Cassius, after the dictator A. Postumius vowed it, due to a famine, if the gods would bring abundance. This was the Greek cult and thus an official recognition of Greek Dionysus. Though Bacchus in his Greek form had long been worshipped in Italy. The 'thiasos' (Latin thiasus) was usually male or mixed with the female sacerdos presiding and were devoted to banquets and retelling of the god's myth.

Bacchus was worshipped in the Roman way with collegia devoted to celebrating his feria with dinners much in the manner indicated by Ovid in his Fasti.

Liber courtesy of Vroma.jpg


The Liberalia an ancient festival supposedly even more ancient than the Cerealia took place a.d XVI Kal. Aprilis (March 17th) The day was given to enjoyment while priests and priestesses of Liber sold small cakes, liba in honour of the festival. Also during this festival young males exchanged the toga praetexta of childhood for the toga virilis or toga libera; bullas and dolls along with the toga praetexta would be consecrated to the Lares.


Vide

Bruhl, "Liber Pater"
Francoise Jaccottet "Choisir Dionysos"
Susan Guettel Cole,various articles
Ovid, Fasti
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