http://novaroma.org/vici/index.php?title=Special:Contributions&feed=atom&deletedOnly=&limit=500&target=M.+Lucretius+Agricola&topOnly=&year=&month=NovaRoma - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T12:39:39ZFrom NovaRomaMediaWiki 1.17.0http://novaroma.org/nr/Lararium_(Nova_Roma)Lararium (Nova Roma)2011-07-03T01:26:15Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar|Lararium (Nova Roma)}}<br />
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{{Sacra privata articles}}[[Image:Violentilla-Galeria-Saltatrix-lararium.jpg|right|thumb|''Lararium'' of [[Violentilla Galeria Saltatrix (Nova Roma)|Violentilla Galeria Saltatrix]] ]]The '''Lararium''' (pl. ''lararia'') is the sacred place of the home where [[Household Worship|offerings and prayers are made to the Gods]].<br />
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==Making a ''Lararium''==<br />
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The easiest way to set up a ''[[lararium]]'' is to reserve a small one-tier wall shelf, or a table or cabinet as an altar. A trip to a hardware store, a department store or an antique shop will usually yield something workable. A ''lararium'' may be decorated to taste in classical style if one wishes, but it need not be any special style or color. <br />
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One doesn't really need a lot of surface space. A square foot of space or so is about the average, as long as there is room for a candle, incense, and an offering dish. Space for statuary or wall space to hang pictures on is nice but not critical. <br />
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It is well if one can place the ''lararium'' in a front room or near the kitchen area as was done in antiquity, but this is not essential. The important thing is that the ''lararium'' be placed somewhere that isn't so remote that it will be ignored or forgotten, or in a place so obtrusive it gets bumped into and knocked about during the course of the day. <br />
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The ''lararium'' should be kept clean. The ''[[acerra]]'', the ''[[salinum]]'' and the ''[[gutus]]'' can be stored near or under your ''lararium'' depending on it's design, and need only be present before the gods during the rites.<br />
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==Examples==<br />
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The popular ''lararium'' plaque seen in several Nova Roma ''lararia'' is available from our friends at [[Sacred Source]].<br />
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Click on an image to see it at full size.<br />
<onlyinclude><gallery caption="Lararia" widths="150px" heights="150px" ><br />
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Image:MOG_Lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Marcus Octavius Gracchus (Nova Roma)|Marcus Octavius Gracchus]] (resigned)<br />
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Image:M-Hortensia-Maior-lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Marca Hortensia Maior (Nova Roma)|Marca Hortensia Maior]] (resigned)<br />
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Image:Violentilla-Galeria-Saltatrix-lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Violentilla Galeria Saltatrix (Nova Roma)|Violentilla Galeria Saltatrix]]<br />
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Image:Julilla-lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Julilla Sempronia Magna (Nova Roma)|Julilla Sempronia Magna]]<br />
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Image:Conutus_6797.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Lucius Cassius Cornutus (Maior) (Nova Roma)|Lucius Cassius Cornutus]] (resigned)<br />
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Image:AMM_Lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Annia Minucia Marcella (Nova Roma)|Annia Minucia Marcella]] (resigned)<br />
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Image:Cato's Lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Appius Tullius Marcellus Cato (Nova Roma)|Appius Tullius Marcellus Cato]]<br />
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Image:MLA-lararium.JPG|''Lararium'' of [[Marcus Lucretius Agricola (Nova Roma)|M. Lucretius]] (expelled)<br />
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<!-- ADD YOUR IMAGE ABOVE THIS LINE, USING THE PATTERN ABOVE. POST TO NRWIKI FOR HELP. --><br />
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===Virtual ''Lararia''===<br />
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[http://www.plutusonline.com/nr/villa/lararivm.html ''Lararium'' of the Vitellii] - Visit the Gens Vitellia Virtual Lararium.<br />
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==See also==<br />
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* ''[[Lararium]]'' <br />
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[[Category:Religio Romana (Nova Roma)]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Lucius_Cassius_Cornutus_(Maior)_(Nova_Roma)Lucius Cassius Cornutus (Maior) (Nova Roma)2011-07-03T01:19:32Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: resigned</p>
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<div>{{BioHeader|name=Lucius Cassius Cornutus (Maior)|id=9057}}<br />
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Resigned from Nova Roma Martias {{2007}}.<br />
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==[[Cursus Honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
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* ''Nihil''<br />
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==''Munera Alia''==<br />
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* [[Ianus|Iani]] Aedis [[Sacerdos (Nova Roma)|Sacerdos]] <br />
:ab {{2006}} ad Martias {{2007}}<br />
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* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|Accensus]]<br />
:{{2005}}<br />
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[[Category:Sacerdotes (Nova Roma)|Cassius Cornutus, Lucius]]<br />
[[Category:Gens Cassia (Nova Roma)|Cornutus, Lucius Cassius]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Marcus_Moravius_Piscinus_Horatianus_(Nova_Roma)Marcus Moravius Piscinus Horatianus (Nova Roma)2011-07-02T01:35:12Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: edict</p>
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<div>{{BioHeader|name=Marcus Moravius Piscinus Horatianus|id=432}}<br />
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Consular '''M. Moravius Piscinus Horatianus''' was the third [[Pontifex (Nova Roma)|''pontifex maximus'']] of the Nova Roman Republic. He is currently [[Augur (Nova Roma)|''augur'']] and ''magister collegii augurum''. M. Piscinus formerly was ''flamen Carmentalis'' and, before that, ''flamen Cerealis'' of Nova Roma, too. He was a [[Senator (Nova Roma)|senator]] until he resigned from the senate {{Nov 6}}{{2010}}.<br />
<br />
During his consulship with [[Titus Iulius Sabinus (Nova Roma)|T. Iulius Sabinus]], Nova Roma celebrated the tenth anniversary of its founding, the [[Ludi Decennales 2761 AUC (Nova Roma)|ludi Decennales]]. As consul, M. Piscinus led the movement to put Nova Roma's administration on a more professional footing. A [[CFO]] was appointed to ensure complete compliance with tax filings and the various funds were disentangled and in the main accounted for. It was in conjunction with this that what had been called the Nova Roma "ager publicus" was found to have been a land fraud. It was discovered that Nova Roma owned only a part interest in the land, but had apparently been paying the entire tax bill. Nova Roma immediately divested itself of this "asset".<br />
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M. Piscinus has received public recognition from Senate for his great contributions in the support and spread of knowledge of the Roman religion. Under his leadership, the Collegium Pontificum has increased its activities and the number of public rituals actually performed has greatly increased.<br />
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M. Piscinus Horatianus was formerly known as M. Horatius Piscinus.<br />
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M. Piscinus Horatianus was [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/NovaRoma-Announce/message/2266 stripped of his citizenship in March 2011], but he remains active [http://www.patheos.com/community/religioromana/ writing] and participating in the [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Religio_Romana_Cultorum_Deorum/ pagan community].<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cursus Honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
<br />
* [[Pontifex (Nova Roma)|Pontifex Maximus]]<br />
:from {{Oct 1}}{{2008}} to {{Nov 20}}{{2010}}<br />
<br />
* [[Consul (Nova Roma)|Consul]]<br />
: {{2008}} Vide: [[Officina Consulum MMDCCLXI]]<br />
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* [[Augur (Nova Roma)|Augur]]<br />
:from {{2008}}<br />
<br />
* [[Pontifex (Nova Roma)|Pontifex]]<br />
:from {{2007}}<br />
<br />
* [[Flamen Carmentalis (Nova Roma)|''Flamen Carmentalis'']]<br />
:from {{2006}} to {{Oct 1}}{{2008}}<br />
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* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]]<br />
:from {{2006}} to {{Nov 6}}{{2010}}<br />
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* [[Tribunus Plebis (Nova Roma)|''Tribunus Plebis'']]<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
:{{2001}}<br />
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==Other Posts==<br />
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* [[Scriba (Nova Roma)|''Scriba'']]<br />
:{{2005}}<br />
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[[Category: Pontifices (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Magistrates (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Flamines (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Gens Moravia (Nova Roma)|Piscinus Horatianus, M. Moravius]]<br />
[[Category: Tribus Falerna (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Former Senators (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Marcus_Moravius_Piscinus_Horatianus_(Nova_Roma)Marcus Moravius Piscinus Horatianus (Nova Roma)2011-07-02T01:32:49Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: no longer a citizen</p>
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<div>{{BioHeader|name=Marcus Moravius Piscinus Horatianus|id=432}}<br />
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Consular '''M. Moravius Piscinus Horatianus''' was the third [[Pontifex (Nova Roma)|''pontifex maximus'']] of the Nova Roman Republic. He is currently [[Augur (Nova Roma)|''augur'']] and ''magister collegii augurum''. M. Piscinus formerly was ''flamen Carmentalis'' and, before that, ''flamen Cerealis'' of Nova Roma, too. He was a [[Senator (Nova Roma)|senator]] until he resigned from the senate {{Nov 6}}{{2010}}.<br />
<br />
During his consulship with [[Titus Iulius Sabinus (Nova Roma)|T. Iulius Sabinus]], Nova Roma celebrated the tenth anniversary of its founding, the [[Ludi Decennales 2761 AUC (Nova Roma)|ludi Decennales]]. As consul, M. Piscinus led the movement to put Nova Roma's administration on a more professional footing. A [[CFO]] was appointed to ensure complete compliance with tax filings and the various funds were disentangled and in the main accounted for. It was in conjunction with this that what had been called the Nova Roma "ager publicus" was found to have been a land fraud. It was discovered that Nova Roma owned only a part interest in the land, but had apparently been paying the entire tax bill. Nova Roma immediately divested itself of this "asset".<br />
<br />
M. Piscinus has received public recognition from Senate for his great contributions in the support and spread of knowledge of the Roman religion. Under his leadership, the Collegium Pontificum has increased its activities and the number of public rituals actually performed has greatly increased.<br />
<br />
M. Piscinus Horatianus was formerly known as M. Horatius Piscinus.<br />
<br />
M. Piscinus Horatianus was stripped of his citizenship in March 2011, but he remains active [http://www.patheos.com/community/religioromana/ writing] and participating in the [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Religio_Romana_Cultorum_Deorum/ pagan community].<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cursus Honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
<br />
* [[Pontifex (Nova Roma)|Pontifex Maximus]]<br />
:from {{Oct 1}}{{2008}} to {{Nov 20}}{{2010}}<br />
<br />
* [[Consul (Nova Roma)|Consul]]<br />
: {{2008}} Vide: [[Officina Consulum MMDCCLXI]]<br />
<br />
* [[Augur (Nova Roma)|Augur]]<br />
:from {{2008}}<br />
<br />
* [[Pontifex (Nova Roma)|Pontifex]]<br />
:from {{2007}}<br />
<br />
* [[Flamen Carmentalis (Nova Roma)|''Flamen Carmentalis'']]<br />
:from {{2006}} to {{Oct 1}}{{2008}}<br />
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* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]]<br />
:from {{2006}} to {{Nov 6}}{{2010}}<br />
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* [[Tribunus Plebis (Nova Roma)|''Tribunus Plebis'']]<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
:{{2001}}<br />
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==Other Posts==<br />
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* [[Scriba (Nova Roma)|''Scriba'']]<br />
:{{2005}}<br />
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[[Category: Pontifices (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Magistrates (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Flamines (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Gens Moravia (Nova Roma)|Piscinus Horatianus, M. Moravius]]<br />
[[Category: Tribus Falerna (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Former Senators (Nova Roma)|Moravius Piscinus Horatianus, M.]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Gaius_Aelius_Ericius_(Nova_Roma)Gaius Aelius Ericius (Nova Roma)2011-06-23T10:10:03Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Where Ericius is</p>
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<div>'''C. Aelius Ericius''' was an early citizen, and a Senator for nearly three years.<br />
He was the first Gubernator of Provincia California (as Propraetor), and is a former Pontifex and former Augur.<br />
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C. Aelius' citizenship ended in {{2001}}.<br />
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Ericius disappeared from Nova Roma among the events that contributed to the [[Ides of March resignations (Nova Roma)|Ides of March resignations of 2001]]. He is now active on the [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Religio_Romana_Cultorum_Deorum/ Religio Romana Cultorum Deorum mailing list].<br />
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==[[Cursus Honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
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* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]]<br />
:from {{Jul 5}}{{1998}} to {{Mar 3}}{{2001}}<br />
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* [[:Category:Governors (Nova Roma)|Propraetor]] of [[Provincia California (Nova Roma)|California]]<br />
:{{1998}}<br />
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[[Category: Former Senators (Nova Roma)|Aelius Ericius, C.]]<br />
[[Category: Gens Aelia (Nova Roma)|Aelius Ericius, C.]]<br />
[[Category: MMDCCLIV]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Roman_RepublicRoman Republic2011-06-22T11:32:05Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: cite source</p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar | Roman Republic}}<br />
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The Roman Republic followed the [[Roman Kingdom]] and preceded the [[Principate]].<br />
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The Greek historian, Polybius highly recommended the political system of the Roman Republic:<br />
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:<blockquote>"There can surely be nobody so petty or so apathetic in his outlook that he has no desire to discover by what means and under what system of government the Romans succeeded in less than fifty-five years in bringing under their rule almost the whole of the inhabited world". (Polybius 1.1, trans. Scott-Kilvert)</blockquote><br />
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The '''Roman Republic''' was the period of the [[Ancient Rome|ancient Roman civilization]] characterized by a republican form of government. It began with the overthrow of the [[Roman Kingdom]], traditionally dated around 508 BC, and lasted until its collapse, late in the 1st century BC, through a series of civil wars, into the [[Principate]] form of government and the [[Roman Empire|imperial period]].<br />
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The Roman Republic was governed by a complex constitution, which centered on the principles of a separation of powers and checks and balances. The evolution of the constitution was heavily influenced by the struggle between the aristocracy (the [[patricians]]), and other Romans who were not from famous families, the [[plebeians]]. Early in its history, the republic was controlled by an aristocracy of individuals who could trace their ancestry back to the early history of the kingdom. Over time, the laws that allowed these individuals to dominate the government were repealed, and the result was the emergence of a new aristocracy which depended on the structure of society, rather than the law, to maintain its dominance.<br />
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During the first two centuries, the Republic saw its territory expand from central Italy to the entire Italian peninsula. In the next century, Rome grew to dominate North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, Greece, and what is now southern France. During the last two centuries of the Roman Republic, it grew to dominate the rest of modern France, as well as much of the east. At this point, the republican political machinery was replaced by a single figurehead - the [[princeps]] (or [[imperator]], from which we get the term [[emperor]]).<br />
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The precise event which signalled the end of the Roman Republic and the transition into the [[Roman Empire]] is a matter of interpretation. Towards the end of the period a selection of Roman leaders came to dominate the political arena to such an extent that they exceeded the limitations of the Republic as a matter of course. Historians have variously proposed the appointment of [[Julius Caesar]] as perpetual [[dictator]] in 44 BC, the defeat of [[Mark Antony]] at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and the [[Senate]]'s grant of extraordinary powers to [[Augustus|Octavian (Augustus)]] under the [first settlement in 27 BC, as candidates for the defining pivotal event ending the Republic.<br />
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Many of Rome's legal and legislative structures can still be observed throughout Europe and the rest of the world by modern nation state and international organizations. The Romans' [[Latin]] language has influenced grammar and vocabulary across parts of Europe and the world.<br />
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Source: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Republic Wikipedia]<br />
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[[Category:Roman History]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Publius_Memmius_Albucius_(Nova_Roma)Publius Memmius Albucius (Nova Roma)2011-06-20T15:16:07Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: resignation</p>
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<div>{{BioHeader|name=Publius Memmius Albucius|id=7425}}<br />
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Senator '''P. Memmius Albucius''' is currently [[Censor (Nova Roma)|Censor]] of the Republic of Nova Roma.<br />
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===The man and the relation to Rome===<br />
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'''P. Memmius Albucius''' was born a.d. IX Kal. Feb. MMDCCXIII ( 2713 - Jan. 24th 1960) in <i>Gesoriacum / Bononia</i> (Boulogne s/mer, 62200 - <i>Classis britannica</i> harbour), France. <br />
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French and married, he is currently living in North of France, in <i>Condate</i>, near the caesarian ''Sabis river'' battle site and ''Bagacum'', the main ''oppidum Nerviorum''.<br />
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Early interested in ancient history, civilisations, latin and history, he specially has a Ph. D. in law. Executive manager in public service, he teaches law and urban development in french universities. <br />
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<b>Albucius</b> believes in Roman values, work and public service. He also believes in discussion, friendship, equality, humor, communities of knowledges, organization, method, responsibility and republic. He does not think that Roman values would accept dogmatism or fanatism. He is convinced that the more you have fun, the more you learn. He sees the ancient Rome as an evolutive and global civilisation, whose every field (latin, economy, history, religion, arts, strategy, cooking, numismatics, etc.) deserves interest. He is convinced that the knowledge of ancient Rome will help current generations to a better understanding and living of our world.<br />
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===The Novaroman cursus===<br />
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==From Minia to Memmia==<br />
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<b>Memmius</b> entered Nova Roma the 15th of May 2004 (Maius MMDCCLVII) as <b>P. Minius Albucius</b>, to share his interests with other people fond of Rome. Grateful to former south France Gens Minia to have welcome him during his first year in Nova Roma, he took the opportunity of NR law on emancipation to change his name from "Minius" to "Memmius". This last choice allowed him to make live again the ancient Gens Memmia illustrous name, and, at the same time, not to change his acronym, PMA.<br />
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==The Tribunate of the Plebs==<br />
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For this modification intervened the year when <b>P. Memmius Albucius</b> was in the NR office of Tribunus Plebis. Fresh citizen, <b>Memmius</b> chose to run for the tribunate when he felt that the interesting organisation that he has just entered and its constitution were threatened by important trends of decay. Senior tribune after the resignation of C. Curius Saturninus in the first weeks of 2005 (MMDCCLVIII), he tried to keep a strong, independant, collective and legally sharp tribunate.<br />
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==Various responsabilities==<br />
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Scribe of former governor of Gaul (<i>Gallia</i>) Lucius Rutilius Minervalis, he translated the whole corpus of novaroman laws in French. He was confirmed in his office in 2005 by new governor Sextus Apollonius Scipio, who then promoted him in the office of legate for the region of Nova Lugdunensis. <b>Albucius</b> representated Gallia to the European conventus in Rome (aug. 2005) and Carlisle (aug. 2006) and carried on in 2006 (MMDCCLIX), his contribution to Nova Roma web site and to Wiki France Roman pages.<br />
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At the autumn 2006, he entered the Vox romana podcast group and, on Nov. 2006 23 th (a.d. IX Kal. Dec. MMDCCLIX), was unaminously appointed by the Senate of Nova Roma as new governor of Gaul (<i>propraetor Galliae</i>).<br />
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Memmius, among other commitments in French NGOs, is the chairman of [http://quirites.org QUIRITES], an association devoted to the ancient Rome. Quirites edits a quaterly webzine called [http://www.quirites.org/quirinus.htm QUIRINUS], also diffused inside Nova Roma.<br />
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<b>Albucius</b> likes, when he have time enough, taking part to Nova Roma games. He thus entered three games : in 2758 auc (2005), he won the Certamen Historicum of the Ludi Victoriae Sullanae along with Gn. Equitius Marinus and in 2007, he was second, along with M. Moravius Piscinus, of the Military tactical map contest, and won with zero mistake the Ludi martiales Certamen historicum.<br />
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==The first steps of the curule cursus==<br />
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Elected quaestor for 2007, <b>P. Memmius Albucius</b> assists at the same time, in their offices, Consul Galerius as an accensus, Praetor Tullia as scribe and Curule Aedile Caesaris Cytheris Aege as quaestor. For the consul, he specially belongs to a group of a few governors, which has been asked to make proposals on the provincial thema. Besides Tullia, he has been specially given the task to manage the New Tabularium project.<br />
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On 30 October 2760 auc (2007), '''P. Memmius Albucius''' presented his candidacy as '''Aedilis Curulis''' for year 2761 a.u.c., and was elected by the People gathered in its comitia tributa (results edict '''Kal. Dec.''' 2760 auc).<br />
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During most of this 10th birthday year 2761 auc, '''Albucius''' assumed the aedilitas alone after the resignation of his elected colleague, [http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sextus_Lucilius_Tutor_(Nova_Roma)| Sex. Lucilius Tutor]. In order to celebrate this special year, he put in place, with his team, six extra Games, in addition of the two traditional curule Ludi. He reorganized the Magna Mater Project, set with Cos. Moravius the question of the real public estate, updated the Macellum and asked for a reform of Equites ordo.<br />
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==Senator and Praetor==<br />
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On 5th Dec. (Nonas Dec.) 2760, '''Memmius''' has been appointed '''senator''' by censores [http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Caeso_Fabius_Buteo_Modianus_(Nova_Roma)| '''Caeso Fabius Buteo Modianus'''] and '''Marcus Octavius Gracchus''', and was elected in 2761 chairman of the Senate conventus and events committee.<br />
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Both as governor Galliae and aedile, '''P. Memmius Albucius''' attended Nova Roma conventus, held in Dacia in the eve of August 2761, and was elected '''praetor''' for 2762 in the elections of November 2761. <br />
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One year later, '''Albucius''' ended his praetura beside Praetor censorius [http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Gnaeus_Equitius_Marinus_(Nova_Roma)| '''Gn. Equitius Marinus''']. He decided to run for the consulate of coming year 2763 auc (2010 cc) and, after the renunciation of former praetors '''M. Iulius Perusianus''' and '''A. Tullia Scholastica''' to form with him the consular “ticket” against the Opposition's candidates '''Ti. Galerius Paulinus''' and '''C. Equitius Cato''', was finally joined by former consul and censor [http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Caeso_Fabius_Buteo_Quintilianus_(Nova_Roma)|'''K. Fabius Buteo Quintilianus''']. Supported by the then political majority, '''P. Memmius Albucius''' and '''K. Fabius Buteo Quintilianus''' won this election, as did all the candidates they supported in these annual elections. '''Albucius''', surprinsingly, was elected consul maior, thus becoming the first ''consul'' from Gallia in the whole history of Rome. <br />
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==The consulate : defending the Republic==<br />
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What should have been a year of reforms was, for Albucius' first consular term, a year of fights during which both consuls opposed one each other, through one of the major crisis lived by the Republic since its recreation.<br />
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The election of '''Albucius''' as consul maior had in fact disturbed the plans drawn by the more important internal factio of the then majority, which, around '''Quintilianus''' and '''Piscinus''' and with the contribution of the former consuls Curiatius and Iulius, had prepared the setting of a dictatorship for {{2011}}. The error committed by this group was to let '''P. Memmius Albucius''' aside of this preparation, probably because it was convinced that '''Fabius Buteo''' would be, elected as consul maior, the natural leader of the consular biga.<br />
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The first difference occurred in the third week of January, when '''Albucius''' informed his colleague that he did not feel bound by any 'agreement' on the dictatorship, as he had not been informed on the details, conditions and scope of his colleague's idea. At the same time, he launched the workshop of the renewal of NR Inc. by-laws, that he set, as far he was concerned, as the 1st priority in the ''Program {{2011}}'', before the IT question (fixing the IT, specially the electoral tool problems).<br />
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Though he had reaffirmed, in his inaugural speech in the Curia, his full support to the Religio romana and its institutions, he faced an increased inertia of the Collegium augurum whose he solicited the head, '''M. Moravius Piscinus''', for having the auspices taken, in reasonable times, before the sessions of the Senate or of the Comitia. Towards this inertia, he finally took himself in April these auspices, thus affirming the traditional ''ius auspicandi'' of curule magistrates. <br />
<br />
Though the consular seminar held in Stockholm at mid-April between both consuls had been globally positive, the difficulty or reluctance of the consul minor to cool down his supporters, whose head was '''M. Moravius Piscinus''', augur and pontifex maximus, cancelled the effect of the Swedish meeting.<br />
<br />
In June, the consul minor left Albucius with the reins of the Republic during the preparation and sitting of the conventus that Fabius Buteo had called in Rome during the first half of June, and which was a failure. '''Moravius''' then contested the right of consul '''Memmius Albucius''' to call a comitia during this month, refused him the auspices and organized – being also diribitor – the absence of selection of the praerogative century for these elections, due on the first days of July. At the same time '''Moravius''' tried to obtain, as pontifex maximus, a total control of the comitia curiata, which invests the highest magistrates, specially the praetors who were to get out of the called elections.<br />
<br />
For the praetrix maior, '''Iunia''', followed by her colleague '''Hortensia''', had resigned during this decisive first half of June, after that consul '''Albucius''' had been obliged to recall them to the observation of Law and that he would not accept that the State be used as a tool to eliminate political adversaries.'''Albucius''' had thus taken in charge, in the absence of his colleague, the direct management of the praetura.<br />
<br />
At the end of June, the bridges were broken between both consuls when '''Fabius Buteo''' tried to convene the Senate, with no previous information of his colleague, on the IT question, while '''Albucius''' had reminded him that he would not accept that this matter be evoked as long as the By-Laws matter would not have been settled. '''Albucius''' vetoed '''Quintilianus''' ' call. <br />
<br />
In July, the consul minor, who communicated no longer with '''Albucius''', organized with '''M. Moravius Piscinus''', an attempt to impose a dictatorship. He convened the Senate who voted, in the second half of July, this dictatorship. The proposed dictator was not '''Quintilianus''' himself, who had intended assuming this charge since October 2010, but '''Gn. Equitius Marinus'''.<br />
<br />
But'''Quintilianus''' ignored the veto launched by '''Albucius''', who had stated that the consul minor had diverted the Constitution by including four tribunes in his convening, thus annihilating inconstitutionally '''Albucius''' ' veto power.<br />
<br />
At the same time, Iudex '''Sabinus''', on a petitio by '''Q. Caecilius Metellus''', condemned '''M. Hortensia Maior''', former praetor, for the violation of the law committed against '''C. Equitius Cato''', and specially to an inhabilitation to hold any public position. But this sentence was not obeyed by '''Hortensia''', who remained as sacerdos Mentis, with the assessed support of '''M. Moravius Piscinus''', who convened a session of the Collegium Pontificum who declared Consul '''Albucius''' as impius, specially to have assessed his right to take himself his auspices.<br />
<br />
'''Albucius''', supported by Censor '''Iulius Sabinus''', Tribune '''Petronius Dexter''', senator '''Iunius Palladius''', and soon by a third of the Senate, declared that he did not recognize the senate session held unconstitutionally in July. Around mid-August, after several private discussions, the proposed dictator, '''Equitius Marinus''' renounced his position.<br />
<br />
Under the pressure, a few others main supporters of the “Dictatorial Factio” gave up their positions and the Republic. Among them '''Hortensia Maior''' and two tribunes, '''Curius''' and '''Valeria'''. Tribune '''Aquillius''', after having supported the Piscinian factio, decided to join the legalist side. A majority of tribunes thus supported, in September, '''Albucius''' ' point of view.<br />
<br />
After consul '''Quintilianus''' vetoed the senatus consultum ultimum voted by the senate, convened by '''Albucius''' in August and who had appointed '''Tullia''' and '''Ullerius''', the winners of the praetorian July election, as praetors suffecti, '''Albucius''' decided to wait that his colleague lifts his veto to propose again to fill the praetorian positions. But '''Quintilianus''' did never, and '''Albucius''' was obliged to go on assuming the praetura until the end of the year. Inside this mission, he received a second petitio, led against '''M. Moravius Piscinus''' by '''C. Equitius Cato''', and still pending on Kal. 2011.<br />
<br />
In September and October, Albucius, in the absence of his colleague who abstained to fulfill his consular duties since the beginning of July, cleared up the payment of the taxes, that the resignation of '''Eq. Iunia Laeca''' as CFO on August 6, had left untreated. In late October, he placed Italia, after the resignation of Praefectus '''Annaeus''', under his direct administration with the approval of the Senate, and acted to build a senatorial majority.<br />
<br />
In November, with the decisive support of L. Cornelius Sulla and sen. Cn. Iulius Caesar, this majority was built, after the resignation of a few senators, including '''M. Moravius''', and the suspension, by Censor '''T. Iulius Sabinus''' of the senators who had not paid their taxes for 2010. <br />
<br />
At the end of November, '''P. Memmius Albucius''' could organize, via an electronic way, the annual elections, which were held normally. '''Albucius''' refused the candidacy of '''A. Tullia''', which had voted the dictatorship in July and who had been appointed, before her candidacy, in the electoral team.<br />
<br />
In December, the renewed Collegium Pontificum, whose new Pontifex Maximus was Censor '''Iulius''', lifted the “impietas” of Consul '''Albucius''', who supported the elevation of '''K. Fabius Buteo Modianus''' to the dignity of Rex Sacrorum.<br />
<br />
As far as his neutrality could allow him, '''Albucius''' supported the candidacies of Ullerius and Equitius to the consulate. He saw in the fact that '''C. Equitius Cato''' might assume the consulate, a contribution to the pax religiosa in the Republic (''Cato being not privately a cultor deorum'').<br />
<br />
Beside an elder colleague who seemed to be '''the''' political head of the consular team, '''P. Memmius Albucius''' appeared in January 2010 rather as a legal technician. The fights that he was obliged to face, in the circumstances in which he was placed, turned finally at his advantage : he managed to eliminate successively all his major opponents, to reverse an opposed senatorial majority, and to keep the Republic in its legal frame, preventing the programmed elimination, by the Dictatorial Faction, of major characters of Nova Roma Senate, specially '''C. Equitius Cato''' and '''L. Cornelius Sulla Felix'''. Though he lives in a historical European province of the Republic, he prevented that the North American provinces loose the influence that they deserve to keep, for he is convinced that Nova Roma cannot develop without two equal poles on each side of the Atlantic Ocean.<br />
<br />
As a consequence of this term who looked more like as a war time term than a peace time one, '''Albucius''' could not accomplish all he intended to do in January {{2010}}. <br />
He could not have the by-Laws question solved, because of the resistance organized by '''Moravius''' and his allies. He could not, also, obtain the constitutional proposals (Preamble, religious paragraph) he introduced in March {{2010}}, because a too low mobilization of the then majority. In the Senate, he fails, by one vote, having the Equites status being, partly, modernized.<br />
He succeeded, on another hand, in addition of preserving the Republican institutions, to reshape a large part of our provincial organization, to give Nova Roma a more structured and analytic budget, to redefine the Official lists, to create a Forum Hospitum dedicated to welcome non-citizens and future ones, and to renew the status of the Magister aranearius. He updated the membership of the Forum Romanum, boosted the payment of the annual taxes, secured the legal position of Nova Roma Inc. towards the incorporation law, and contributed to the renewal of the Collegia religiosa. He reactivated the right of curule magistrates, and specially consuls, to hold the ius auspicandi.<br />
<br />
On Kal. Ian. {{2011}}, he transferred his consular and praetorian powers to the elected magistrates 2764 and entered the censura, having been elected censor for 2764-2765. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==The last step of a continuous cursus: the censorate==<br />
<br />
With his colleague '''T. Iulius Sabinus''', '''P. Memmius Albucius''' set on Jan. 8, {{2011}} the album senatorium down to 22 members, thus complying the requirements of Nova Roma Inc.'s act of incorporation.<br />
<br />
Sun Jun 19, 2011:<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
Censori Iulio Sabino s.d.<br />
<br />
<br/><br />
I, Publius Memmius Albucius, hereby lay, in your hands of censor, and before the Gods, the Senate and the People of Nova Roma, my resignation of censor, senator and governor, and co-secretary and director of Nova Roma Inc. as well as citizen of Nova Roma and member of NR Inc..<br />
<br/><br />
<br />
This resignation takes effect immediately. Thanks for informing the Senate of Nova Roma.<br />
<br/><br />
<br />
Tibi gratias et vale Collega,<br />
<br/><br />
<br />
P. Memmius Albucius<br />
<br/><br />
<br />
censor - procos. - sen.<br />
<br/><br />
<br />
leg. p.p. Galliae<br />
<br />
</blockquote><br />
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<br><br />
==[[Cursus Honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
<br />
* [[Consul (Nova Roma)|Consul]]<br />
:{{2010}}<br />
<br />
* [[Praetor (Nova Roma)|Praetor]]<br />
:{{2009}}<br />
<br />
* [[Aedilis Curulis (Nova Roma)|Aedilis Curulis]]<br />
:{{2008}} Vide: [[Aedilitas curulis MMDCCLXI]]<br />
<br />
* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]]<br />
:{{2007}}<br />
<br />
* [[Quaestor (Nova Roma)|Quaestor]]<br />
:{{2007}}<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:Governors (Nova Roma)|Legatus pro praetore]] of [[Provincia Gallia (Nova Roma)|Gallia]]<br />
:{{2007}}<br />
<br />
* [[Tribunus Plebis (Nova Roma)|Tribunus Plebis]]<br />
:{{2005}}<br />
<br />
<br><br />
==Other Posts==<br />
<br />
* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|Accensus]]<br />
:{{2008}}<br />
:{{2007}} <br />
<br />
* [[Scriba (Nova Roma)|Scriba]]<br />
:{{2007}} <br />
:{{2005}} <br />
:{{2004}} <br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
[[Category: Senators (Nova Roma)|Memmius Albucius, P.]]<br />
[[Category: Magistrates (Nova Roma)|Memmius Albucius, P.]]<br />
[[Category: Governors (Nova Roma)|Memmius Albucius, P.]]<br />
[[Category: Gens Memmia (Nova Roma)|Albucius, P. Memmius]]<br />
[[Category: Tribus Esquilina (Nova Roma)|Memmius Albucius, P.]]<br />
[[Category: Provincia Gallia (Nova Roma)| Gallia]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Marcus_Lucretius_Agricola_(Nova_Roma)Marcus Lucretius Agricola (Nova Roma)2011-06-11T16:13:03Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{BioHeader|name=Marcus Lucretius Agricola|id=7619|option=senator}}<br />
<br />
M. Lucretius holds a B.A. in Classics and an M.A. in TESOL and Applied Linguistics.<br />
<br />
He is a full-time lecturer in the Department of Foreign Languages at a mid-size private university in Japan. There he is the chair of the Department's Committee on Extensive Reading. His publications center on the use of technology in the classroom, but he is now writing on the use of graded readers and extensive reading programs. In addition to English language courses he also teaches courses on culture and technology.<br />
<br />
In his free time he does photography using (non-automatic) film cameras. His subjects are usually related to the traditional culture of Japan; castles, shrines, temples and festivals. [http://www.npr.org/blogs/money/2008/12/hear_the_power_of_passive.html One of his photos was recently used] by National Public Radio in the USA.<br />
<br />
In the USA he holds a private pilot's license, but he has not exercised that privilege for many years. He is a fan of the author [http://www.angelfire.com/ia/televisionsky/gibson.html William Gibson]. <br />
<br />
<div style="float:left;margin-right:1em">http://www.cafepress.com/content/banners/promo_120x60_01.gif</div><br />
<br />
A member of the [[Ordo Equester (Nova Roma)|Equestrian order]], Agricola operates a CafePress shop, [http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius Domus Lucretia], with a Roman pagan theme. There is a "[http://www.cafepress.com/cp/info/help/cpordering.aspx#1 30 day full refund]" policy and PayPal is accepted. [https://www.cafepress.com/cp/info/help/help_shipping.aspx Check for shipping rates from CafePress.]<br />
<br />
==''Cursus Honorum''==<br />
[[Image:MLA-lararium.JPG|right|thumb|M. Lucretius' [[Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]]]]<br />
* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]] ab {{2007}}<br />
** Member: [[Senate Budget and Finance Committee (Nova Roma)|Senate Budget and Finance Committee]] {{2008}}<br />
* [[Propraetor (Nova Roma)|''Legatus pro praetore'']] of [[Provincia Asia Orientalis (Nova Roma)|'' provincia Asia Orientalis'']]<br />
: ab {{Jul 20}} {{2007}}<br />
* ''[[Magister aranearius (Nova Roma)|Magister aranearius]]'' ''cum [[Quintus Valerius Callidus (Nova Roma)|Q. Valerio Callido]]''<br />
: {{2008}}<br />
<br />
==''Munera Alia''==<br />
<br />
* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|''Accensus'']] ''K. Buteonis''<br />
:{{2010}}<br />
<br />
*[[Custos (Nova Roma)|Custos]]<br />
:{{2009}}<br />
<br />
* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|''Accensus'']] ''consulum M. Moravii T. Iulii''<br />
:{{2008}}<br />
<br />
* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|''Accensus'']] [[Tiberius Galerius Paulinus (Nova Roma)|''Ti. Galerii'']]<br />
:{{2007}}<br />
<br />
* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|''Accensus'']] [[Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus (Nova Roma)|''C. Buteonis'']]<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
<br />
* [[Scriba (Nova Roma)|''Scriba'']] [[Magister aranearius (Nova Roma)|''magistri aranearii'']]<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
<br />
* [[Scriba (Nova Roma)|''Scriba'']] [[Aedilis Curulis (Nova Roma)|''aedilis curulis'']]<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
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==''Cultus''==<br />
[[Image:M Lucretius augur sacrifices Sarmatia.jpg|thumb|right|M. Lucretius in Sarmatia]]<br />
<br />
August {{2010}}, M. Lucretius traveled to Sarmatia prov. to assist Cn. Cornelius in performing the weddings of three couples. Two days later, he was formally consecrated as ''augur publicus''. As such, he inaugurated a templum for the construction of an aedes of Jupiter.<br />
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==''Res Gestae''==<br />
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* ''[[NovaRoma:WikiMagisters|Wikimagister]] erat''.<br />
* {{2006}} He designed the [[Sestertius Signum "Quadriga" Design|new sestertius]] and made a loan of 300 dollars to contribute to the realization of that project.''<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lucretius Agricola, Marcus}}<br />
[[Category:Gens Lucretia (Nova Roma)]] [[Category:Provincia Asia Ulterior (Nova Roma)]] [[Category: Governors (Nova Roma)]] [[Category: Senators (Nova Roma)]] [[Category:Equestrian order (Nova Roma)]] [[Category: Magistrates (Nova Roma)|Lucretius Agricola, Marcus]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/MundusMundus2011-03-17T07:34:36Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Mundus}}<br />
<br />
A '''''lapis manalis''''' ([[Latin]]: "stone of the [[Manes]]" was either of two sacred stones used in the [[Religion in ancient Rome|Roman religion]]. One covered a gate to [[Hades]], abode of the dead; Festus called it ''ostium Orci'', "the gate of [[Orcus]]". The other was used to make rain; this one may have no direct relationship with the ''Manes'', but is instead derived from the verb ''manare'', "to flow". <br />
<br />
The two stones had the same name. However, the grammarian [[Sextus Pompeius Festus|Festus]] held the cover to the gate of the underworld and the rainmaking stone to be two distinct stones.<ref>Sextus Pompeius Festus, ''[http://remacle.org/bloodwolf/erudits/Festus/m.htm De verborum significatione]'', sub. tit. ''manalis'' (Latin and French text)</ref><br />
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==Gate to the underworld==<br />
<br />
One such stone covered the '''''[[Glossary of ancient Roman religion#mundus|mundus]] [[Ceres (mythology)|Cereris]]''''', a pit thought to contain an entrance to the [[underworld]]. Most cities of [[Latium]] and [[Etruria]] contained a similar pit or ditch; [[Plutarch]] describes the custom of a ''mundus'' as being of [[Etruscans|Etruscan]] origin, and states that it was used as a place where first-fruits were deposited.<ref>Plutarch, ''[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Romulus*.html#11 Life of Romulus]'' ch. 11.</ref> The Latin word ''mundus'' simply meant "[[world]]". Festus, quoting [[Cato the Elder|Cato]] this time, explains that:<br />
<br />
:''Mundo nomen impositum est ab eo mundo qui supra nos est.''<br />
::(The ''mundus'' gets its name from that world which is above us.)<ref>W. Warde Fowler, "[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/journals/JRS/2/Mundus*.html Mundus Patet]", ''Journal of Roman Studies'', Vol. 2 (1912), pp 25‑33.</ref> <br />
<br />
The Roman ''mundus'' was located in the [[Comitium]]<ref>Plutarch, supra.</ref>, on the [[Palatine Hill]]. This stone was ceremonially opened three times a year, during which spirits of the blessed dead (the ''Manes'') were able to commune with the living. The three days upon which the ''mundus'' was opened were August 24, October 5, and November 8. Fruits of the harvest were offered to the dead at this time.<ref>Lesley Adkins and Roy A. Adkins, ''Dictionary of Roman Religion'' (Facts on File, 1996) ISBN 0-8160-3005-7</ref><ref>Fowler, above</ref> [[Macrobius]], quoting [[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], says of these days that: <br />
<br />
:''Mundus cum patet, deorum tristium atque inferum quasi ianua patet.''<br />
::("When the ''mundus'' is open, it is as if a door stands open for the sorrowful gods of the underworld.")<br />
<br />
Accordingly, he reports that military and public matters were not transacted upon them, even though they were not ''[[fasti|dies nefasti]]''.<ref>Macrobius, ''[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Macrobius/Saturnalia/1*.html#16.18 Saturnalia]'' I 16.18</ref><br />
<br />
==Charm to make rain==<br />
The other was used as part of a ceremony called the '''''aquaelicium''''' (Latin: "calling the waters") which sought to produce [[rain]] in times of [[drought]].<ref>Sir [[James Frazer]], ''[[The Golden Bough]]'' ch. 5, "[[s:The Golden Bough/The Magical Control of the Weather|Magical Control of the Weather]]" (Abridged edition, MacMillan, 1922)</ref> During the ceremony, the ''[[pontifex|pontifices]]'' had the stone brought from its usual resting place, a temple of [[Mars (mythology)|Mars]] near the [[Porta Capena]], into the [[Roman Senate|Senate]]. Offerings were made to [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]] petitioning for rain, and water was ceremonially poured over the stone.<ref>Cyril Bailey, ''[http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18564/18564-8.txt The Religion of Ancient Rome]'', ch. 2 (Archibald, Constable & Co., London, 1907)</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
[[Category:Roman religion]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/AngeronaAngerona2011-03-17T07:30:45Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Angerona}}<br />
<br />
In Roman mythology, '''Angerona''' or '''Angeronia''' was an old Roman goddess, whose name and functions are variously explained. She is sometimes identified with the goddess [[Feronia]].<br />
<br />
According to ancient authorities, she was a goddess who relieved men from pain and sorrow, or delivered the Romans and their flocks from ''angina'' ([[quinsy]]). Also she was a protecting goddess of Rome and the keeper of the sacred name of the city, which might not be pronounced lest it should be revealed to her enemies. It was even thought that Angerona itself was this name; a late antique source suggests it was Amor, ''i.e.'' Roma inverted. Sorania and Hirpa have also been put forward as candidates for the secret name. Modern scholars regard her as a goddess akin to [[Ops]], [[Acca Larentia]], and [[Dea Dia]]; or as the goddess of the new year and the returning sun (according to Mommsen, ''ab angerendo'' = ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀναφέρεσθαι. τὸν ἥλιον). Her festival, called [[Divalia]] or [[Angeronalia]], was celebrated on the December 21. The priests offered sacrifice in the temple of [[Volupia]], the goddess of pleasure, in which stood a statue of Angerona, with a finger on her mouth, which was bound and closed ([[Macrobius]] i. 10; [[Pliny the Elder|Pliny]], ''Nat. Hist.'' iii. 9; [[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], ''L. L.'' vi. 23). She was worshipped as Ancharia at [[Faesulae]], where an altar belonging to her has been discovered. In art, she was depicted with a bandaged mouth and a finger pressed to her lips, demanding silence.<br />
<br />
Other accounts state that Angerona was the goddess of silence, and that her worship was introduced at Rome to prevent the secret and sacred name of Rome being made known, or that Angerona was herself the protecting divinity of Rome, who by laying her finger on her mouth enjoined men not to divulge the secret name of Rome. (Plin. l. c.; Macrob. Sat. iii. 9.) A festival, Angeronalia, was celebrated at Rome in honour of Angerona, every year on the 12th of December, on which day the pontiffs offered sacrifices to her in the temple of Volupia, and in the curia Acculeia. (Varro, de Ling. Lat. vi. 23; Plin. and Macrob. ll. cc.)<br />
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<br />
<br />
==For further reading==<br />
*Hendrik Wagenvoort, "Diva Angerona," reprinted in ''Pietas: Selected Studies in Roman Religion'' (Brill, 1980), pp.&nbsp;21–24 [http://books.google.com/books?id=xWaOxU28Nn4C&pg=PA21&dq=%22Angerona+was+a+goddess%22+inauthor:Wagenvoort&lr=&as_brr=0 online.]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman religion]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Aemilia_sumptuariaLex Aemilia sumptuaria2011-03-17T07:24:40Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Law and politics]]<br />
<br />
We have of late seen that the Lex Hibernia has proven successful in reducing the presence of large numbers of slaves within Rome, which would create the grave risk of individuals using private armies against the State.<br />
<br />
This latter fear is, unfortunately, all to real. And as was raised last month, many Citizens of repute currently house large numbers of gladiators on their estates. This is a perhaps reasonable thing to do; Marcus Aemilius Scaurus for one knows how vulnerable estates can be to raiders.<br />
<br />
Yet, allowing this buildup near Rome still allows the opportunity for a private army to be raised and to be marched on Rome before the City has sufficient time to react.<br />
<br />
So it is with the desire to find the proper balance of State security versus private ownership rights that I propose this draft of the Lex Aemilia Anti Privatus Exercitum:<br />
That no Citizen may maintain more than 100 gladiators or any other guards within Italia-Roma.<br />
<br />
I feel this is a reasonable compromise. Private citizens may still maintain a reasonable guards on estates within the environs of Roma and about their person, and may maintain as many as they feel they need elsewhere. The State also becomes much safer. Therefore, I ask you all to support the Lex Aemilia Anti Privatus Exercitum."</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Prayers_to_Carmentis_(Nova_Roma)Prayers to Carmentis (Nova Roma)2011-03-16T11:08:51Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Replacing page with '{{LanguageBar|{{PAGENAME}}}}
Carmentis is associated with ritualized speech. The carmen is a manner of addressing the Gods, and from the carmen also developed charms, poet...'</p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|{{PAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
[[Carmentis]] is associated with ritualized speech. The carmen is a manner of addressing the Gods, and from the carmen also developed charms, poetry, and forms of rhetoric. Carmentis was also considered the inventor of the Roman alphabet. To give you some idea of the range of Carmentis' aspects, here are some prayers you might wish to include in [[Ritus Carmenae (Nova Roma)|rites to Her]].<br />
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[[Category:Ritus (Nova Roma)]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Libum_(Nova_Roma)Libum (Nova Roma)2011-03-16T11:04:39Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar|Libum (Nova Roma)}}<br />
{{Template:Recipe}}__NOTOC__<br />
The recipe in Cato's [[De Agricultura]] is [[Libum|here]].<br />
<br />
==Libum Recipe==<br />
===Ingredients===<br />
<br />
*1 cup feta cheese, drained, crumbled, and packed into the measuring cup<br />
*1/2 cup unbleached, all-purpose flour<br />
*1 egg, beaten<br />
*6 bay leaves<br />
*2 tablespoons honey<br />
<br />
===Directions===<br />
<br />
Put the cheese into a medium size mixing bowl. Mash well with the fingers until it becomes a smooth, lumpless paste.<br />
<br />
Add the flour and mix well with the fingers.<br />
<br />
Add the beaten egg and mix well. The dough will be rather sticky.<br />
<br />
Divide the dough into two equal parts, then form two round, flat, 1/2 inch thick loaves. Lay each on three bay leaves set on a greased baking sheet, and bake in a preheated 400 degree F oven for 1 to 1 1/2 hours, or until cooked through.<br />
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Remove the loaves from the oven, spread the tops with the honey, and let cool.<br />
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Remove the bay leaves before serving.<br />
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===Variation===<br />
<br />
If feta cheese is unavailable, use 1 cup cottage cheese and add 1/4 cup extra flour (but the taste is inferior).<br />
<br />
===Variation===<br />
<br />
PBS' NOVA [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/lostempires/roman/libum.html] gives this variation:<br />
<br />
*1 cup plain, all purpose flour<br />
*8 ounces ricotta cheese<br />
*1 egg, beaten<br />
*bay leaves<br />
*1/2 cup clear honey<br />
<br />
Follow directions as above, but divide dough into four parts and cook at 425 degrees "for 35-40 minutes until golden-brown".</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/SacrificeSacrifice2011-03-16T11:01:07Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Replacing page with '{{LanguageBar|Sacrifice}}
The original version of this document is [http://www.religioromana.net/onsacrifices.htm here].
Category:Roman religion'</p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Sacrifice}}<br />
<br />
The original version of this document is [http://www.religioromana.net/onsacrifices.htm here].<br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman religion]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/File:Unknown_Citizen.jpgFile:Unknown Citizen.jpg2011-03-15T23:49:15Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div></div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Sestertius_signum/quadriga_designSestertius signum/quadriga design2011-03-14T12:33:20Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Sestertius_Signum_%22Quadriga%22_Design}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Pre-production.jpg|right]]<br />
<br />
This is a description of the design of the "Quadriga", the second [[Sestertius_Signum|Sestertius Signum]] issued by Nova Roma.<br />
<br />
==OBVERSE==<br />
<br />
The obverse "device" (the picture part) shows the Capitolium (Temple of Capitoline Iuppiter) with the Capitoline Triad of Iuno, Iuppiter and Minerva on the porch. This was also done on Roman coins. <br />
<br />
The building is topped by a quadriga (as it actually was) that is coming toward the viewer. Only the fronts of the horses are shown. The roof is bordered by seashell antefixi. The pedimental sculpture is a “vajra” lightning bolt. This pedimental decoration was actually shown on Capitolium coins of the Republic (e.g., on denarii of Volteius [http://www.coinarchives.com/a/results.php?results=100&search=volteius]). It is a very important symbol, appearing in a somewhat altered form on Roman shields. This vajra also figures importantly in Buddhist art, symbolizing power and authority. It is believed that the vajra was taken into Buddhist art at a very early period, under the influence of Hellenistic art, which also transmitted conventions of pose and draping. Thus the vajra, well attested to in Roman art, forms a bridge across continents, cultures and ages, always as a symbol of power. Only we Romans retain it in anything like its original context.<br />
<br />
The building shown here is Corinthian order. Note that the fluting is drawn to suggest the roundness of the columns, with the center flute being somewhat wider than the flanking ones. A Capitolium coin from the time of Domitian showed the columns this way, and it is a very dramatic feature, fine and delicate but linear, forming part of the frame around the central figures. The columns and capitals will tax the die-cutter's art to the limit. The architrave is somewhat simplified and the dentils rather over sized, but again, they are still pushing the limit of the die-cutter's skill.<br />
<br />
The entire temple sits on a simple base supported by the large legend “NOVA&bull;ROMA”. This symbolically shows that Nova Roma supports the Religio and provides a new home and welcome for the Roman deities.<br />
<br />
The figures, as mentioned above, are all based on extant sculptures and the poses are consistent with those on actual Roman coins.<br />
<br />
Iuno on the left is shown as a proper and dutiful wife, wearing a stola but crowned with a diadem. She makes an offering from a patera while holding her staff in her hand.<br />
<br />
Iuppiter is shown seated, holding his scepter which disappears out of view above. He catches his constant companion Victory in his hand, who offers him a wreath. Next to Iuppiter is a symbol of Terminus, who of all the Gods refused to make way for the Temple of Iuppiter, foreshadowing the stability of the city and the Romans. <br />
<br />
On the right is Minerva, a dutiful daughter. She holds her spear and shield, showing, along with her stern look, that she is ready to defend family and home. She wears the aegis, adding to her fearsome look, but it is possible to see that she is still a young woman. Together with Iuno and Iuppiter she forms a family group, showing the central importance of the family to the Romans.<br />
<br />
At the base of the coin, curved against the rim is the word “SESTERTIVS”. This word never appeared on Roman coins, but we modern Romans need a bit of help, and it corrects the “SESTERTIUS” of the original coins.<br />
<br />
==REVERSE==<br />
<br />
The surrounding legend (FR&bull;APVLO&bull;C&bull;LAENATE&bull;COS) is the consular date for the year [[MMDCCLVIII]] AUC. <br />
<br />
The central figure is a common one from coins of the Republic, Iuppiter in a quadriga driven by Victory. <br />
<br />
Iuppiter again holds his staff, and now wields a vajra thunderbolt in his upraised arm. Victory, wings spread behind her, holds the reins. The horses go forward with energy but with dignity.<br />
<br />
Iuppiter, Victory and the vajra tie the reverse image to the obverse, and the seated Iuppiter with Victory on the obverse ties this coin thematically to the previous Sestertius Signum, the "Declaratio".<br />
<br />
<br />
==Design Notes==<br />
<br />
A word or two about Roman conventions in portrayal of buildings is in order. Roman coins (and other plastic art) did not always attempt to portray well-known buildings realistically. Not only were details left out, major changes could be made in building plan to suit the needs of the designer. A good example is a relief in the Capitoline museum that shows the Capitolium in the background. This relief shows the Capitolium as Corinthian order and tetrastyle (having four columns across the front). This is plainly impossible. Even if in times past the building had been Tuscan order, wooden and tetrastyle, by the time it was rebuilt in the Corinthian order the architrave would have been stone, not wood. Given the known size of the building, spanning the front with a stone architrave supported by only four columns would have been impossible. Indeed, it is also shown elsewhere as Corinthian order and hexastyle (six columns). What we learn from this is that Romans took a lot of liberties when they portrayed buildings in art.<br />
<br />
Every aspect of this design is based on features found in Roman coins, either of the Republic or of the early Empire. Later coins were ignored. The figures on the obverse are all based on extant statues.<br />
<br />
On the the obverse, we show Iuppiter in a quadriga (four-horse chariot), accompanied by Victoria, brandishing a thunderbolt. This image conveys no particular message – we felt that, for this first issue in what we hope will be a series, it was not appropriate to convey any too specific idea. The quadriga was chosen more because it is a dynamic and exciting image which works well on the relatively large scale of the sestertius (the largest of common Roman coins). Chariot-races are one of the activities most commonly associated with ancient Rome in the popular imagination, and we felt that this image would strike a chord with the wider public.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
*Republican era coins of Volteius at [http://www.coinarchives.com/a/results.php?results=100&search=volteius CoinArchives]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Macellum (Nova Roma)]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Bona_DeaBona Dea2011-03-14T03:29:50Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>Ancient Italic goddess found in Rome, Bovillae.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman Gods]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/HerculesHercules2011-03-14T03:27:16Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Hercules}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==Livy tells how Hercules came to Italy==<br />
<br />
:There is a tradition that Hercules, after slaying Geryon, drove off his oxen, which were very beautiful. He swam across the Tiber, driving the cattle before him, to give them rest and to let them enjoy the luxuriant pasture, also to rest himself after his long journey. He lay down in a grassy spot on the banks of the river.<br />
<br />
:There was a shepherd in this neighborhood, Cacus, who was proud of his own strength. Taken with the beauty of the cattle, he decided to carry them off while Hercules slept. Cacus realized that if he drove the herd in front of him to the cave, their tracks would show their owner what had happened, so he dragged the most beautiful of them by their tails backward into a cave.<br />
<br />
:Hercules woke at dawn and he looked over his herd. He noticed that some of them were missing, so he went straight to the nearest cave, to see whether their tracks led there. When he saw that they were all turned away from it and led in no other direction he was troubled. Not knowing what to make up his mind to do, he started to drive off his herd from so dangerous a spot.<br />
<br />
:Then some of the cows that were driven away lowed, as they usually do, when they missed those that were left. Hercules turned around when he heard the answering calls of those that were in the cave and he began advancing toward the sound. Cacus called upon the other shepherds for assistance and tried to stop him, but Hercules struck him with a club and killed him.<br />
<br />
:Evander, who was an exile from the Peloponnesus, at that time governed the country more by his personal influence than by absolute power. He was held in reverence both because he could write, an impressive ability to the untutored locals, and even more on account of his mother [[Carmenta]], whom those peoples had marvelled at as a prophetess before the arrival of the [[Sybil]] in Italy.<br />
<br />
:The assembling shepherds quickly crowded around the stranger, whom they accused of open murder. This attracted the attention of Evander, who listened to an account of the deed and the cause of it. Then gazing upon the personal appearance and mien of the hero, who was considerably more dignified and majestic than an ordinary man, asked who he was.<br />
<br />
:As soon as he heard the name of the hero, and that of his father and native country, "Hail!" said he, "Hercules, son of [[Iuppiter]]! my mother, truthful interpreter of the will of the gods, has declared to me that you are destined to increase the number of the heavenly beings, and that on this spot an altar shall be dedicated to you, which in future ages a people most mighty on earth shall call Greatest, and honour in accordance with rites instituted by you." Hercules, having given him his right hand, declared that he accepted the prophetic intimation, and would fulfil the predictions of the fates, by building and dedicating an altar.<br />
<br />
:On this altar then for the first time [[sacrifice]] was offered to Hercules with a choice heifer taken from the herd. These were the only religious rites that [[Romulus]] at that time adopted from those of foreign countries, being even then an advocate of immortality won by merit, to which the destiny marked out for him was conducting him.<br />
<br />
-adapted from [[Livy]] as translated by John Henry Freese, Alfred John Church, and William Jackson Brodribb<br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman Gods]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/EgeriaEgeria2011-03-14T03:26:34Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Egeria}}<br />
<br />
Egeria, nymph, legendary consort and instructor of [[Numa Pompilius]], whom she instructed in the sacred [[grove of Carmentis]]. <br />
[[Image:Egeria and Numa by Claude Lorrain public domain.jpg|thumb|right]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<blockquote style="font-style:italic">primus, oliviferis Romam deductus ab arvis,<br/><br />
Pompilius menses sensit abesse duos,<br/><br />
sive hoc a Samio doctus, qui posse renasci<br/><br />
nos putat, '''Egeria''' sive monente sua. - [[Ovid]], Fasti 3.154</blockquote><br />
<br />
Quis mihi nunc dicet quare caelestia Martis<br/><br />
arma ferant Salii Mamuriumque canant?<br/><br />
nympha, mone, nemori stagnoque operata Dianae;<br/><br />
nympha, Numae coniunx, ad tua facta veni.<br/><br />
vallis Aricinae silva praecinctus opaca<br/><br />
est lacus, antiqua religione sacer;<br/><br />
hic latet Hippolytus loris direptus equorum,<br/><br />
unde nemus nullis illud aditur equis.<br/><br />
licia dependent longas velantia saepes,<br/><br />
et posita est meritae multa tabella deae.<br/><br />
saepe potens voti, frontem redimita coronis,<br/><br />
femina lucentes portat ab Urbe faces.<br/><br />
regna tenent fortes manibus pedibusque fugaces,<br/><br />
et perit exemplo postmodo quisque suo.<br/><br />
defluit incerto lapidosus murmure rivus:<br/><br />
saepe, sed exiguis haustibus, inde bibi.<br/><br />
'''Egeria''' est quae praebet aquas, dea grata Camenis:<br/><br />
illa Numae coniunx consiliumque fuit.<br/><br />
principio nimium promptos ad bella Quirites<br/><br />
molliri placuit iure deumque metu.<br/><br />
inde datae leges, ne firmior omnia posset,<br/><br />
coeptaque sunt pure tradita sacra coli.<br/><br />
exuitur feritas, armisque potentius aequum est,<br/><br />
et cum cive pudet conseruisse manus,<br/><br />
atque aliquis, modo trux, visa iam vertitur ara<br/><br />
vinaque dat tepidis farraque salsa focis. - [[Ovid]], Fasti 3.259-94<br />
<br />
<br />
She is mentioned in [[Livy]] XIX, XXI, Dionysius of Halicarnassus AR 2.61-2. Ennius, Ann. 119; [[Cicero]] De Legibus 1.1.4; [[Ovid]], Fasti 3.154; 259-93; Martial 10.35 12-14; Juvenal, 3rd Satire 17.<br />
<br />
==secondary sources==<br />
<br />
{{Bookinfo|<br />
title=Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana at Aricia|<br />
author=C. M. C. Green|<br />
date=2006|<br />
publisher=Cambridge University Press|<br />
ISBN=0521851580|<br />
comment=Hardcover: 348 pages<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman Gods]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/VenusVenus2011-03-14T03:23:04Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Reverted edits by Marca Hortensia Maior (Talk); changed back to last version by M. Lucretius Agricola</p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|{{PAGENAME}} }}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Venus courtesy of Vroma.jpg|right|thumb|Venus, courtesy of Vroma]]<br />
<br />
'''Venus''' is a goddess of Spring, flowers and vines. Her Latin name defined her character (''venerari'', "to entreat, charm"). She has taken on many attributes of Aphrodite, her Greek equivalent.<br />
<br />
After the military defeat at Trasimene, the Sibylline Books were consulted, and a temple to Venus of Eryx, Phoenician Astarte, was dedicated on the Capitoline hill in 217 B.C.E. It was exceptional for a foreign deity to have a temple in the heart of the Capitoline. Capitoline Venus' cult did not have the ritual prostitutes famous on Mt. Eryx, Sicily; rather the cult was Roman, and linked to the Romans' Trojan origins.<br />
<br />
Another temple was vowed to Venus Erycina extra Portam Collinam, the 23 of April 184 B.C.E. The cult statue, Venus seated with a dove and Amor, was said to have been a copy of that on Mt. Eryx. Outside the Pomerium, Venus' cult maintained more of its Sicilian character.<br />
<br />
The Roman honored her as ''Venus Genetrix'', the mother of the Roman people. According to legend, she fell in love with [[Anchises]], a Trojan prince, but he was blinded when he saw her in her full glory. Their son [[Aeneas]] escaped the Fall of Troy and, after many adventures, settled in Italy. He became the forefather of the Roman people, and an ancestor of the ''Julii''. Both [[Julius Caesar]] and [[Hadrian]] dedicated temples to ''Venus Genetrix''. Hadrian's still stands near the Flavian amphitheatre. <br />
<br />
Venus has darker aspects too, such as ''Venus Libitina'', an aspect of ''Venus'' associated with the extinction of life force.<br />
<br />
Here is a full list of her epithets: Calva, Capitolina, Cloacina, Erycina, Felix, Fisica, Frutis, Genetrix, Iovia, Libitina, Martialis, Myrtea, Obsequens, Plagiaria, Syntrophus, Verticordia, Victrix.<br />
<br />
= Poem = <br />
<br />
from [[Titus Lucretius Carus|Lucretius]]' ''De Rerum Natura'': <br />
<br />
Mother of Rome, delight of Gods and men,<br/><br />
Dear Venus that beneath the gliding stars<br/><br />
Makest to teem the many-voyaged main<br/><br />
And fruitful lands- for all of living things<br/><br />
Through thee alone are evermore conceived,<br/><br />
Through thee are risen to visit the great sun-<br/><br />
Before thee, Goddess, and thy coming on,<br/><br />
Flee stormy wind and massy cloud away,<br/><br />
For thee the daedal Earth bears scented flowers,<br/><br />
For thee waters of the unvexed deep<br/><br />
Smile, and the hollows of the serene sky<br/><br />
Glow with diffused radiance for thee!<br/><br />
For soon as comes the springtime face of day,<br/><br />
And procreant gales blow from the West unbarred,<br/><br />
First fowls of air, smit to the heart by thee,<br/><br />
Foretoken thy approach, O thou Divine,<br/><br />
And leap the wild herds round the happy fields<br/><br />
Or swim the bounding torrents. Thus amain,<br/><br />
Seized with the spell, all creatures follow thee<br/><br />
Whithersoever thou walkest forth to lead,<br/><br />
And thence through seas and mountains and swift streams,<br/><br />
Through leafy homes of birds and greening plains,<br/><br />
Kindling the lure of love in every breast,<br/><br />
Thou bringest the eternal generations forth,<br/><br />
Kind after kind. And since 'tis thou alone<br/><br />
Guidest the Cosmos, and without thee naught<br/><br />
Is risen to reach the shining shores of light,<br/><br />
Nor aught of joyful or of lovely born,<br/><br />
Thee do I crave co-partner in that verse<br/><br />
Which I presume on Nature to compose<br/><br />
<br />
= Invocation =<br />
<br />
"Seu tu caelestis Venus, quae primis rerum exordiis sexuum diversitatem generato Amore sociasti et aeterna subole humano genere propagato nunc circumfluo Paphii sacrario coleris." — Apuleius, ''Metamorphosis'' 11.2<br />
<br />
[You celestial Venus, who at the beginnings of the world united the difference of the sexes making to rise the Love and propagating the eternal progeny of the human kind, now you are honored in the temple of Paphos that the sea surrounds."]<br />
<br />
= Sources =<br />
<br />
"La Réligion Romaine de Venus" Robert Schilling<br />
"Dieux et Déesses de L'Univers Phénecien et Punique" E. Lipinski<br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman Gods]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/SolSol2011-03-14T03:22:28Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Sol''', Roman deity of the sun. His cult seems to have been relatively unimportant until promoted to a state cult under the Aurelian emperors as Sol Invictus.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
<br />
The Latin name Sol is cognate to the Etruscan ''Usil'', Sabine ''Ausil'', Sanskrit ''Surya'', Germanic ''Sol'', and Greek ''Helios''.<br />
<br />
==Sol Indiges==<br />
<br />
Varro mentions Sol Indiges as one of the 12 principal agricultural deities.<ref>Varro, De re rustica I, I, 5.</ref> According to tradition, the Sabine king Titus Tatius introduced the worship of Sol to Rome after the conclusion of peace between Romulus and the Sabines<ref>August., ''de Civ. Dei'', iv. 23.</ref> The Sabines settled on the Quirinal, and the altar of Sol there was one of the altars established by Titus Tatius.<ref>Varro, ''Ling. Latine'' 5.74.</ref> <br />
<br />
For the early Romans, Sol was an important symbol of the amalgamation of Latins and Romans. As Aeneas was the supposed ancestor of the Romans, so Odysseus was the ancestor of the Etruscans and Latins. Latinus, the eponymous ancestor legendary hero of the Latins, was said to have been a son of Odysseus and Circe, who was herself the daughter of Helios (Sol).<ref>The identification is not exact. Other accounts call Latinus a son of Hercules, or of the god Faunus. The Latin cities honored Latinus as Indiges, or Iuppiter Indiges, while Rome honored Aeneas under the same title.</ref><br />
<br />
Under the Republic, the cult of Sol Indiges was a ''sacrum gentilicum'' of gens Aurelia (originally the Sabine gens Auselii), who claimed descent from the god.<ref>S. Pompeius Festus, ''Lib. I'': “Aureliam familiam ex Sabinus oriundam a Sole dictam putant: quod ei publice a populo Romano datus sit locus, in quo sacra facerent Soli, qui ex hoc Auselii dicebantur, ut Valesii, Papisii, pro eo, quod est Valerii, Papirii.” See also Varro, l, c. The name Aurelius or Auselius means ''golden'', and seems to be connected to Usil, the Umbrian and Etruscan god of light, and to the Ozeul named in a Salian hymn. (William Warde Fowler, ''The Roman festivals of the period of the Republic: an introduction to the study of the religion of the Romans'', (1889), 191-92, n. 5.</ref> Probably the Romans made an ''evocatio'' of Sol at some point during the early third-century conquest of the Sabines, and the Aurelii, as the Sabine family that superintended the cult, acquiesced in Sol’s removal to Rome.<ref>Robert L. Porter, "The Republican Aurelii" (Princeton Univ., diss. 1968), 1-9.</ref><br />
<br />
At an early date Sol came to be identified with Janus. Janus and Jana were worshipped as sun and moon, and were regarded as the highest of the gods, receiving their sacrifices before all the others.<ref>Macrobius ''Saturnalia'' i. 9; Cicero ''De Natura Deorum'' ii. 27.</ref><br />
<br />
By the time of the early Empire, Sol had been partially syncretized with the Greek Apollo. In Horace’s ''Carmen Saeclare'', the poet addresses Apollo and Diana. Apollo he calls both Phoebus and Sol. Apollo and Diana carry the prayers of the people to the throne of the gods. Horace also mentions Sol in his ''Odes''. <br />
<br />
==Sol Invictus==<br />
<br />
The worship of Sol Invictus was elevated to a state cult by the emperor Aurelian in 274. He built a temple and founded a second pontifical college, the ''pontifices Solis'', pontiffs of the Sun, to administer the rites.<ref>cf. ''CIL'' vi, 1397, 1418, 1673 (''Pontifices Dei Solis'') and 1742 (''Pontifices Solis'').</ref><br />
<br />
Many older works erroneously suppose the cult of Sol Invictus was the oriental cult of Elagabalus imported to Rome. Modern research has shown that the cult is, however, autochthonous at Rome. The type of Sol Invictus, though not the name, appears on imperial coinage from the time of Septimius Severus onwards.<ref>Allan S. Hoey, "Official Policy towards Oriental Cults in the Roman Army" ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'', 70, (1939:456-481) 470, 479f.</ref><br />
Sol Invictus was a powerful symbol for the Romans of the late Empire: each evening he is forced apparently to submit to the powers of darkness, but he reappears each morning as the eternal victor. Christian scholars have frequently seen Sol Invictus and [[Mithras]] as prefigurations of Christ.<br />
<br />
==Cult==<br />
<br />
Anciently, Sol seems to have been the god of the agricultural year. In the time of the Republic the worship of Sol Indiges was joined with that of Luna, the moon. Priests are typically attested as both ''Solis et Luniae''.<br />
<br />
Sol had sacred grove at Lavinium, probably his original home. There were also local shrines to Sol Indiges in the rural areas of Sabinium, Samnium and Etruria.<br />
<br />
At Rome, Sol had a temple on the Quirinal near the temple of Quirinus. Quintilian describes it as a ''pulvinar'', a place where a deity is carried or entertained at a banquet (''ad lectisternium'').<ref>“. . . ut a Latinis veteribus ad plurimis in verbis ultimam adiectam, quod manifestum est etiam ex columna rostrata, quae est duilio in foro posita, interim a quoque, ut in pulvinari Solis, qui colitur iuxta aedem Quirini, "vesperug", quod "vesperuginem" accipimus.” Quintilian, ''Institutiones'', I.7.12. See also Paulus, 23; Varro, ''Ling. Latine'', 5.52. The ''pulvinar'' there, being a Greek custom, cannot be older than the Second Punic War. (Lawrence Richardson, ''A new topographic dictionary of Rome'' (1992), 322.)</ref> <br />
<br />
Sol and Luna shared the Templum Solis et Lunae, a shrine (''aedes'') in the Circus Maximus. The two of them were patrons of racing. Augustus set up an important solar monument, the obelisk of Ramses II brought from Heliopolis, on the ''spina'' of the Circus Maximus, probably on the axis of the templum.<ref>Pliny, ''HN'', 36.71; Amm. Marc. 17.4.12.</ref> <br />
<br />
An epigram quoted by Cicero shows that the rising sun was greeted each morning.<ref>Epigram of Q. Lutatius Catulus, quoted by Cicero, ''De natura deorum'', I, 28, 79: “Constiterum exorientem Auroram forte salutans cum subito a laeva Roscius exoritur . . . “.</ref> The prayer had to be spoken while facing east: ''ad ortus'', ''ad orientum''.<ref>Gaston H. Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'' (1972), 36, citing F. J. Dölger, “Sol Salutis” ''Liturgische Forschungen'', 4/5 (1925), 39); Servius, ''Ad Aen.'' XII, 172.</ref><br />
<br />
An elite legion raised by Constantius I in the third century was named the ''Solenses'' (sacred to Sol). <br />
<br />
==Festivals==<br />
<br />
The ''feria'' of Sol Indiges and dedication (''dies natalis'') of the temple on the Quirinal was celebrated August 9th.<ref>Fasti Amiternini (“a.d. V Idus Augustas: Soli Indigeti in colle Quirinali Feriae”), Fastii Vallensis (a.d. V Idus Augustas: Solis Indigetis in colle Quirinali Sacrificium Publicum), Fastii Maffeiani and Fastii Ailifani</ref>. The ''publicum'' was August 8th. <br />
<br />
The dedication of the Templum Sol et Luna at the Circus Maximus was celebrated on August 28th.<br />
<br />
Sol was also honored on December 11th, one of the ''dies agonales''. A different god was honored on each of these days, Janus on January 9, Liber Pater (Mars?) on March 17, (Vediovis?) on May 21, and Indiges on December 11.<ref>Richardson, 4-5, 325-26.</ref> On each of the ''dies agonales'' a ram was sacrificed in the Regia.<ref>Richardson, 5.</ref><br />
<br />
The Imperial cult of Sol Invictus celebrated the ''Dies Natalis Solis Invicti'', the Birthday of the Unconquered Sun, on December 25. This date was considered to be the date of the winter solstice.<ref>A connection between the unconquered sun and the Christian Son of God lead to the modern celebration of Christ’s birth on the same day.</ref><br />
<br />
==Iconography==<br />
<br />
Under Greek influence, the image of Sol was derived from his equivalent Helios. Sol was represented as driving a ''quadriga'', a four-horse chariot. Sol appears in this form on a denarius of gens Manlia in 135 BCE.<ref>Halsberghe, 27.</ref><br />
<br />
Sol’s cult partner Luna is represented driving a biga, a two-horse chariot. <br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
Gaston H. Halsberghe, ''The Cult of Sol Invictus'' (1972).<br />
<br />
Steven E. Hijmans, "The Sun which did not rise in the East: The Cult of Sol Invictus in the Light of Non-Literary Evidence", ''BABesch: Bulletin Antieke Beschaving'', 71 (1996), 115-150.<br />
<br />
Steven E. Hijmans, "Sol Invictus, the Winter Solstice, and the Origins of Christmas", ''Mouseion'', Number 47/3 (2003).</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Magna_MaterMagna Mater2011-03-14T03:20:45Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Reverted edits by Marca Hortensia Maior (Talk); changed back to last version by M. Lucretius Agricola</p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Magna Mater}}<br />
<br />
'''Magna Mater''', Cybele, the Great Mother of the Gods, had according Samuel Ball Platner ("''A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome''", London: Oxford University Press, 1929) five temples in [[Rome]]. Her main temple was on the [[Palatine]] hill. <br />
<br />
[[Image:Magna Mater courtesy of Vroma.jpg|left|thumb]]This [[Temple]] has been dedicated during the Punic wars on Idus Apr. 563 a.u.c. (10 April 191 b.c.e.) by Praetor M. Junius Brutus IV. From this day on, were held every year, in honour of the goddess and in front of the temple, the Ludi Megalesia. Magna Mater had become the Sacred Protectress of the City.<br />
<br />
[http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/mm.htm '''More...''']<br />
<br />
<div style={{BookSidebar}}><br />
==Reading List==<br />
{{Bookinfo<br />
| title=In Search of God the Mother<br />
| author=Prof. Lynn Roller<br />
| date=1999<br />
| publisher=<br />
| ISBN=0520210247<br />
| comment=Great scholarly work on Cybele, chapter on Rome is excellent.<br />
| name=<br />
|format=compact<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Bookinfo<br />
| title=The Mother of the Gods<br />
| author=Mark Munn<br />
| date=2006<br />
| publisher=University of California Press<br />
| ISBN=0520243498 <br />
| comment=excellent, thought-provoking study of sovereignty & Cybele<br />
|format=compact<br />
}} <br />
<br />
{{Bookinfo<br />
| title=Corpus Cultus Cybelae Attidisque (CCCA) I. Asia Minor<br />
| author=M.J. Vermaseren<br />
| date=1987<br />
| publisher=Brill Academic Publishers<br />
| ISBN=9004079041<br />
| comment=14 volumes in total in this series. Exhaustive compilation of epigraphy & statues, monuments<br />
|format=compact<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Bookinfo<br />
| title=Cybele, Attis and related Cults<br />
| author= Eugene N. Lane, ed.<br />
| date=1996<br />
| publisher=Brill<br />
| ISBN=9004101969 <br />
| comment=essays by various scholars<br />
|format=compact<br />
}} <br />
<br />
{{Bookinfo<br />
| title=Soteriology and mystic aspects in the cult of Cybele and Attis<br />
| author=Giula Gasparro Sfameni<br />
| date=1985<br />
| publisher=Brill<br />
| ISBN=9004072837<br />
| comment=as the title says<br />
|format=compact<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Bookinfo<br />
| title=On the Nature of Things<br />
| author=[[Lucretius]] Trans. William Ellery Leonard<br />
| date=<br />
| publisher=<br />
| ISBN=<br />
| comment=[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/lucretius-reruma.html Description of the cultus of Magna Mater]<br />
|format=compact<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Useful link(s)==<br />
<br />
*[[Magna Mater project]]<br />
*[[Magna Mater (Nova Roma)|Magna Mater in Nova Roma]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
* Bennett, Florence Mary (1912). Religious Cults Associated With the Amazons [http://www.sacred-texts.com/wmn/rca/rca03.htm Ch. 2: The Great Mother] "extensively documented" with many references to primary sources.<br />
* Welch, Bill. (n.d.). The Sign Language of Roman Coins. Forvm Ancient Coins. [http://www.forumancientcoins.com/moonmoth/reverse_cybele.html Cybele, The Mother Goddess]<br />
* Willoughby, Harold R. (1929). Pagan Regeneration: A Study of Mystery Initiation in the Greco-Roman World [http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/pr/pr07.htm Ch. V: The Regenerative Rites of the Great Mother]<br />
{{Book reviews|topic=Magna Mater}}<br />
[[Category:Roman Gods]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Cultus_ApollinisCultus Apollinis2011-03-14T03:19:22Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div><div style="border:medium groove #800000;padding:1em">Leto was joined in love with Zeus who holds the aegis, and bore Apollon and Artemis delighting in arrows, children lovely above all the sons of Heaven. <br />-Hesiod, Theogony 920</div><br />
<br />
<br />
In 430 BCE, the Temple of Apollo Medicus was dedicated to Apollo on account of a plague. Located near the Theater of Marcellus, three fluted white marble Corinthian columns of this temple were re-erected in modern times. Fragments of this temple are found in the [http://www.centralemontemartini.org/it/museo/percorso_salamacchine_apollo.htm Montemartini Museum].<br />
<br />
<br />
During the Second Punic War in 212 BCE, the [[Ludi Apollinares]] were instituted in his honor.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Roman Gods]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Aedes_Fortunae_Populi_Novi_Romani_Quiritium_Primigeniae_(Nova_Roma)Aedes Fortunae Populi Novi Romani Quiritium Primigeniae (Nova Roma)2011-03-14T03:15:26Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Virtualtemple<br />
| n=Aedes Fortunae Populi Novi Romani Quiritium Primigeniae <br />
| i= aedem vovit C. Buteone Po. Minucia coss.<br />
| d=pro populo Novo Romano<br />
| image=Livia as ceres fortuna vroma permitted use-transp-shadow.png<br />
| linkslist=<br />
* [[Aedes Fortunae]]<br />
* [[Cultus Fortunae]]<br />
* [[Ritus Fortunae]]<br />
}}<br />
<!-- x x x x x x x DO NOT EDIT ABOVE THIS LINE x x x x x x x x x --><br />
<br />
==Dea Fortuna==<br />
<br />
<br />
<blockquote>[S]wift is the pace of Fortune, bold is her spirit, and most vaunting her hopes; she outstrips Virtue and is close at hand. She does not raise herself in the air on light pinions, nor advance "poised on tip-toe above a globe," in precarious and hesitant posture, and then depart from sight. But even as the Spartans say that Aphroditê, as she crossed the Eurotas, put aside her mirrors and ornaments and her magic girdle, and took a spear and shield, adorning herself to please Lycurgus, even so Fortuna, ... when she was approaching the Palatine and crossing the Tiber, it appears that she took off her wings, stepped out of her sandals, and abandoned her untrustworthy and unstable globe. Thus did she enter Rome, as with intent to abide, and in such guise is she present to‑day... - [[Plutarch]]</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Dedicationes==<br />
<br />
<br />
:O diva, gratum quae regis Antium<br />
:praesens vel imo tollere de gradu<br />
:mortale corpus vel superbos<br />
:vertere funeribus triomphos<br />
::Ovid Book I, 35<br />
<br />
<br />
:O Goddess, Fortuna, mighty to raise<br />
:The lowly aloft, or the high to abase<br />
:Mighty the pomp or Triumph to turn<br />
:To the darkness or the funeral urn;<br />
::trans. Patrick Bramwell Bronte<br />
<br />
<br />
----</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Lararium_(Nova_Roma)Lararium (Nova Roma)2011-03-13T07:19:38Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Lararium (Nova Roma)}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Sacra privata articles}}The '''Lararium''' (pl. ''lararia'') is the sacred place of the home where [[Household Worship|offerings and prayers are made to the Gods]].<br />
<br />
==Making a ''Lararium''==<br />
<br />
The easiest way to set up a ''[[lararium]]'' is to reserve a small one-tier wall shelf, or a table or cabinet as an altar. A trip to a hardware store, a department store or an antique shop will usually yield something workable. A ''lararium'' may be decorated to taste in classical style if one wishes, but it need not be any special style or color. <ref></ref><br />
<br />
One doesn't really need a lot of surface space. A square foot of space or so is about the average, as long as there is room for a candle, incense, and an offering dish. Space for statuary or wall space to hang pictures on is nice but not critical. <br />
<br />
It is well if one can place the ''lararium'' in a front room or near the kitchen area as was done in antiquity, but this is not essential. The important thing is that the ''lararium'' be placed somewhere that isn't so remote that it will be ignored or forgotten, or in a place so obtrusive it gets bumped into and knocked about during the course of the day. <br />
<br />
The ''lararium'' should be kept clean. The ''[[acerra]]'', the ''[[salinum]]'' and the ''[[gutus]]'' can be stored near or under your ''lararium'' depending on it's design, and need only be present before the gods during the rites.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
The popular ''lararium'' plaque seen in several Nova Roma ''lararia'' is available from our friends at [[Sacred Source]].<br />
<br />
Click on an image to see it at full size.<br />
<onlyinclude><gallery caption="Lararia" widths="150px" heights="150px" ><br />
<br />
Image:MOG_Lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Marcus Octavius Gracchus (Nova Roma)|Marcus Octavius Gracchus]] <br />
<br />
Image:Violentilla-Galeria-Saltatrix-lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Violentilla Galeria Saltatrix (Nova Roma)|Violentilla Galeria Saltatrix]]<br />
<br />
Image:Julilla-lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Julilla Sempronia Magna (Nova Roma)|Julilla Sempronia Magna]]<br />
<br />
Image:Conutus_6797.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Lucius Cassius Cornutus (Maior) (Nova Roma)|Lucius Cassius Cornutus]]<br />
<br />
Image:AMM_Lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Annia Minucia Marcella (Nova Roma)|Annia Minucia Marcella]]<br />
<br />
Image:Cato's Lararium.jpg|''Lararium'' of [[Appius Tullius Marcellus Cato (Nova Roma)|Appius Tullius Marcellus Cato]]<br />
<br />
Image:MLA-lararium.JPG|''Lararium'' of [[Marcus Lucretius Agricola (Nova Roma)|M. Lucretius]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- ADD YOUR IMAGE ABOVE THIS LINE, USING THE PATTERN ABOVE. POST TO NRWIKI FOR HELP. --><br />
<br />
</gallery></onlyinclude><br />
<br />
===Virtual ''Lararia''===<br />
<br />
[http://www.plutusonline.com/nr/villa/lararivm.html ''Lararium'' of the Vitellii] - Visit the Gens Vitellia Virtual Lararium.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* ''[[Lararium]]'' <br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Religio Romana (Nova Roma)]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/User:M._Lucretius_AgricolaUser:M. Lucretius Agricola2011-03-13T06:16:45Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: /* Posters */</p>
<hr />
<div><div style="border:thin solid #000000; padding:1em; background-color:#ffffff; margin:0% 10% 0% 10%">The Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue said, "Each religion, with its respective sacred books, places of worship and symbols, has the right to respect and protection. We are speaking about the respect to be accorded the dignity of the person who is an adherent of that religion and his/her free choice in religious matters." Sept. 2010</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="border:thin solid #000000; padding:1em; background-color:#ffffff; margin:0% 10% 0% 10%"><br />
{|cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0"<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
!Latin<br />
!style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|English<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger" width="50%" |M. Pomponius praetor senatum consuluit.<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|M. Pomponius praetor consulted the Senate.<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger"|Quod verba facta sunt de philosophis et de rhetoribus, de ea re ita censuerunt:<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|Whereas a report was made concerning philosophers and rhetoricians, the senators proposed as follows in regard to the said matter:<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger"|ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque, uti ei e republica fideque sua videretur, uti Romae ne essent.<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|M. Pomponius praetor shall take measures and shall provide that no philosophers or rhetoricians shall dwell in Rome, if it appears to him to be in the public interest and in accordance with his own good faith.<br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
"I'm going to say something extremely subtle that most people won't understand". - the Pseudo-Agricola<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum">'''"The most important general principle concerning belief that I have been forced to respect and consider in the course of my field studies is this: Any belief or any item of folklore is not a simple piece of information to be picked up from any haphazard source, from any chance informant, and to be laid down as an axiom to be drawn with one single contour. On the contrary, every belief is reflected in all the minds of a given society, and it is expressed in many social phenomena. It is therefore complex, and, in fact, it is present in the social reality in overwhelming variety, very often puzzling, chaotic and elusive. In other words, there is a "social dimension" to a belief, and this must be carefully studied; the belief must be studied as it moves along this social dimension; it must be examined in the light of diverse types of minds and of the diverse institutions in which it cart be traced. To ignore this social dimension, to pass over the variety in which any given item of folklore is found in a social group, is unscientific. It is equally unscientific to acknowledge this difficulty and to solve it by simply assuming the variations as non-essential, because that only is non-essential in science which cannot be formulated into general laws."'''<br />
<br />
<br />
—Malinowski, B. (1916). ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=pZfIlFdchx0C Baloma; the Spirits of the Dead in the Trobriand Islands]''.</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum">'''"...to take apart the system of illusions and deception which functions to prevent understanding of contemporary reality [is] not a task that requires extraordinary skill or understanding. It requires the kind of normal skepticism and willingness to apply one's analytical skills that almost all people have and that they can exercise."'''<br />
<br />
<br />
—Chomsky, N. in "The Chomsky Reader"</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum">'''"History is the study of the past. So far so good. The problem is that, due to the curious history of academic disciplines, there is no one corner of the modern academy which is responsible for the historical enterprise in its fullness. History, in the sense of the thing we are here discussing, is scattered all over. The result is that those wishing to become competent students of the past will have to cross departmental lines..."'''<br />
<br />
-Warring States Project, Methodology homepage at the University of Masachusetts. [http://www.umass.edu/wsp/methodology/difficulties/discipline.html]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
Are you looking for [http://marcus-agricola.blogspot.com/ my site]? I also contribute to Wikipedia's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Neopaganism WikiProject Neopaganism] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_Greece_and_Rome Classical Greece and Rome WikiProject], among others. <br />
<br />
<br />
[http://www.jonathancoulton.com/2006/04/14/thing-a-week-29-code-monkey/ Code Monkey] think maybe manager want to write god damned login page himself.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="background-color:#ffffff; padding:0 1em 0 1em"><br />
==Gift ideas for Saturnalia==<br />
From our commercial partners.<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="float:right">[http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius.38042273 Saturnalia Greeting Cards], buttons and other gifts from [http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius my CafePress Shop].</div>http://images9.cafepress.com/product/193270109v4_150x150_Front.jpg<br />
<br />
----</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/User:M._Lucretius_AgricolaUser:M. Lucretius Agricola2011-03-13T06:15:59Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: /* Gift ideas for Saturnalia */</p>
<hr />
<div><div style="border:thin solid #000000; padding:1em; background-color:#ffffff; margin:0% 10% 0% 10%">The Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue said, "Each religion, with its respective sacred books, places of worship and symbols, has the right to respect and protection. We are speaking about the respect to be accorded the dignity of the person who is an adherent of that religion and his/her free choice in religious matters." Sept. 2010</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="border:thin solid #000000; padding:1em; background-color:#ffffff; margin:0% 10% 0% 10%"><br />
{|cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0"<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
!Latin<br />
!style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|English<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger" width="50%" |M. Pomponius praetor senatum consuluit.<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|M. Pomponius praetor consulted the Senate.<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger"|Quod verba facta sunt de philosophis et de rhetoribus, de ea re ita censuerunt:<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|Whereas a report was made concerning philosophers and rhetoricians, the senators proposed as follows in regard to the said matter:<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger"|ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque, uti ei e republica fideque sua videretur, uti Romae ne essent.<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|M. Pomponius praetor shall take measures and shall provide that no philosophers or rhetoricians shall dwell in Rome, if it appears to him to be in the public interest and in accordance with his own good faith.<br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
"I'm going to say something extremely subtle that most people won't understand". - the Pseudo-Agricola<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum">'''"The most important general principle concerning belief that I have been forced to respect and consider in the course of my field studies is this: Any belief or any item of folklore is not a simple piece of information to be picked up from any haphazard source, from any chance informant, and to be laid down as an axiom to be drawn with one single contour. On the contrary, every belief is reflected in all the minds of a given society, and it is expressed in many social phenomena. It is therefore complex, and, in fact, it is present in the social reality in overwhelming variety, very often puzzling, chaotic and elusive. In other words, there is a "social dimension" to a belief, and this must be carefully studied; the belief must be studied as it moves along this social dimension; it must be examined in the light of diverse types of minds and of the diverse institutions in which it cart be traced. To ignore this social dimension, to pass over the variety in which any given item of folklore is found in a social group, is unscientific. It is equally unscientific to acknowledge this difficulty and to solve it by simply assuming the variations as non-essential, because that only is non-essential in science which cannot be formulated into general laws."'''<br />
<br />
<br />
—Malinowski, B. (1916). ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=pZfIlFdchx0C Baloma; the Spirits of the Dead in the Trobriand Islands]''.</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum">'''"...to take apart the system of illusions and deception which functions to prevent understanding of contemporary reality [is] not a task that requires extraordinary skill or understanding. It requires the kind of normal skepticism and willingness to apply one's analytical skills that almost all people have and that they can exercise."'''<br />
<br />
<br />
—Chomsky, N. in "The Chomsky Reader"</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum">'''"History is the study of the past. So far so good. The problem is that, due to the curious history of academic disciplines, there is no one corner of the modern academy which is responsible for the historical enterprise in its fullness. History, in the sense of the thing we are here discussing, is scattered all over. The result is that those wishing to become competent students of the past will have to cross departmental lines..."'''<br />
<br />
-Warring States Project, Methodology homepage at the University of Masachusetts. [http://www.umass.edu/wsp/methodology/difficulties/discipline.html]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
Are you looking for [http://marcus-agricola.blogspot.com/ my site]? I also contribute to Wikipedia's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Neopaganism WikiProject Neopaganism] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_Greece_and_Rome Classical Greece and Rome WikiProject], among others. <br />
<br />
<br />
[http://www.jonathancoulton.com/2006/04/14/thing-a-week-29-code-monkey/ Code Monkey] think maybe manager want to write god damned login page himself.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="background-color:#ffffff; padding:0 1em 0 1em"><br />
==Gift ideas for Saturnalia==<br />
From our commercial partners.<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="float:right">[http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius.38042273 Saturnalia Greeting Cards], buttons and other gifts from [http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius my CafePress Shop].</div>http://images9.cafepress.com/product/193270109v4_150x150_Front.jpg<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
==Posters==<br />
{{ArtDotCom|prodIDhigh5=10280|prodIDlow3=472|title=Rome, Italy, Colosseum|name=Agricola|format=compact}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
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[http://affiliates.art.com/get.art?T=15058998&A=329193&L=8&P=10280472&S=2&Y=0 Buy From Art.com]<br />
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[[/Groupware]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Academia_ThulesAcademia Thules2011-01-29T09:06:44Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Academia Thules}}<br />
<br />
The '''Academia Thules ad Studia Romana Antiqua et Nova''' is a new experiment in education. Here you will find several courses centered on Ancient Roman culture and on the modern organisation of Nova Roma. Academia Thules is not an accredited institution and has no formal connection with Nova Roma.<br />
<br />
[http://www.academiathules.org/ Academia Thules web site]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Provincia Thule (Nova Roma)|Academia Thules]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/User:M._Lucretius_AgricolaUser:M. Lucretius Agricola2010-12-06T12:52:28Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>FXG254 BZS654 DCC660 LTQ576 VCF096 WCZ444 YWJ072 BWO862 XAZ836 JCO460 DOW876 ODT510 GCK426 NBC830 HAH938 RFJ530 EIF648 MGL708 GVD418 RNA072 FXJ394 PMN254 XIT860 AYJ734 BHR162 ZCK670 BOK108 ZQL176 MBK314 PJJ938 ZIA378 EQZ772 LSG788 GVX212 SIZ256 DRG462 ASJ996 UKV938 BCV366 YFQ706 XXQ272 CRL416 IGT246 QKK178 YXZ782 MGV550 YAM072 XVJ330 FXG254 EDP974 EIM592 IMQ492 CSH316 RJA600 VAN124 VGQ772 VRZ172 NNH366 WQT420<br />
<br />
<div style="border:thin solid #000000; padding:1em; background-color:#ffffff; margin:0% 10% 0% 10%"><br />
{|cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0"<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
!Latin<br />
!style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|English<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger" width="50%" |M. Pomponius praetor senatum consuluit.<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|M. Pomponius praetor consulted the Senate.<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger"|Quod verba facta sunt de philosophis et de rhetoribus, de ea re ita censuerunt:<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|Whereas a report was made concerning philosophers and rhetoricians, the senators proposed as follows in regard to the said matter:<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|style="font-variant:small-caps; font-size:larger"|ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque, uti ei e republica fideque sua videretur, uti Romae ne essent.<br />
|style="background-color:#aaaaaa"|M. Pomponius praetor shall take measures and shall provide that no philosophers or rhetoricians shall dwell in Rome, if it appears to him to be in the public interest and in accordance with his own good faith.<br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
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<br />
"I'm going to say something extremely subtle that most people won't understand". - the Pseudo-Agricola<br />
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<div class="scriptum">'''"The most important general principle concerning belief that I have been forced to respect and consider in the course of my field studies is this: Any belief or any item of folklore is not a simple piece of information to be picked up from any haphazard source, from any chance informant, and to be laid down as an axiom to be drawn with one single contour. On the contrary, every belief is reflected in all the minds of a given society, and it is expressed in many social phenomena. It is therefore complex, and, in fact, it is present in the social reality in overwhelming variety, very often puzzling, chaotic and elusive. In other words, there is a "social dimension" to a belief, and this must be carefully studied; the belief must be studied as it moves along this social dimension; it must be examined in the light of diverse types of minds and of the diverse institutions in which it cart be traced. To ignore this social dimension, to pass over the variety in which any given item of folklore is found in a social group, is unscientific. It is equally unscientific to acknowledge this difficulty and to solve it by simply assuming the variations as non-essential, because that only is non-essential in science which cannot be formulated into general laws."'''<br />
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—Malinowski, B. (1916). ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=pZfIlFdchx0C Baloma; the Spirits of the Dead in the Trobriand Islands]''.</div><br />
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<div class="scriptum">'''"...to take apart the system of illusions and deception which functions to prevent understanding of contemporary reality [is] not a task that requires extraordinary skill or understanding. It requires the kind of normal skepticism and willingness to apply one's analytical skills that almost all people have and that they can exercise."'''<br />
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—Chomsky, N. in "The Chomsky Reader"</div><br />
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<div class="scriptum">'''"History is the study of the past. So far so good. The problem is that, due to the curious history of academic disciplines, there is no one corner of the modern academy which is responsible for the historical enterprise in its fullness. History, in the sense of the thing we are here discussing, is scattered all over. The result is that those wishing to become competent students of the past will have to cross departmental lines..."'''<br />
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-Warring States Project, Methodology homepage at the University of Masachusetts. [http://www.umass.edu/wsp/methodology/difficulties/discipline.html]<br />
</div><br />
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<br />
Are you looking for [http://marcus-agricola.blogspot.com/ my site]? I also contribute to Wikipedia's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Neopaganism WikiProject Neopaganism] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_Greece_and_Rome Classical Greece and Rome WikiProject], among others. <br />
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[http://www.jonathancoulton.com/2006/04/14/thing-a-week-29-code-monkey/ Code Monkey] think maybe manager want to write god damned login page himself.<br />
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<div style="background-color:#ffffff; padding:0 1em 0 1em"><br />
==Gift ideas for Saturnalia==<br />
From our commercial partners.<br />
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<div style="float:right">[http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius.38042273 Saturnalia Greeting Cards], buttons and other gifts from [http://www.cafepress.com/domuslucretius my CafePress Shop].</div>http://images9.cafepress.com/product/193270109v4_150x150_Front.jpg<br />
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[[/Groupware]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Template:Current_Events_ShortlistTemplate:Current Events Shortlist2010-12-04T07:04:54Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>[[Annual elections for 2764 auc]]<br />
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<span style="font-size:x-large; color:#ff0000">&bull;</span>{{Global|Tax rate MMDCCLXIII|{{GlobalText|<br />
EN=Taxes are now due. Deadline: 15th June|<br />
DE= Steuern sind jetzt fällig|<br />
ES= El plazo para el '''pago de los impuestos''' finaliza el '''15 de junio'''.|<br />
FR=Les taxes sont à présent exigibles|<br />
HU=Adófizetés kötelező. Határidő: Június 15.|<br />
IT=Pagamento delle tasse|<br />
LA=Tribútum nunc dandum est|<br />
PT=Impostos estão sendo cobrados|<br />
RO=Taxele pot fii platite|<br />
}}}}. ([[Nova Roman taxpayers 2763 AUC (Nova Roma)|{{GlobalText|<br />
LA=Index assiduórum|<br />
DE= Assidui|<br />
ES= Lista de ''assidui''|<br />
FR= Les ''assidui''|<br />
HU= ''Assiduus''ok listája|<br />
IT=Lista degli ''assidui''|<br />
PT=Lista de ''assidui''|<br />
RO= Assidui|<br />
EN=List of ''assidui''}}]]) <br />
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{{Global|Nova Roman Xenia Project|{{GlobalText|<br />
EN=Join the Nova Roman guest-friendship project|<br />
DE=Das "Xenia Nova Romana" Project|<br />
ES=|<br />
FR=|<br />
HU=Csatlakozzon a nova római vendégbarátság-projekthez!|<br />
IT=|<br />
LA="Xenia Nova Romana" próiectum: te adiunge!|<br />
PT=Um projecto Nova Romano de hospitalidade|<br />
RO=Proiectul "Xenia Nova Romana"|<br />
}}}}. <br />
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{{GlobalText|<br />
EN=[http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=7121C0874693FF89 Watch videos about Nova Roma on YouTube]|<br />
DE=|<br />
EO=|<br />
ES=|<br />
FR=|<br />
HU=[http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=7121C0874693FF89 Videók Nova Romáról a YouTube-on]|<br />
IT=|<br />
LA=[http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=7121C0874693FF89 Vidé pellículás dé Nová Rómá per YouTube]|<br />
PT=[http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=7121C0874693FF89 Veja videos sobre Nova Roma no YouTube]|<br />
RO=[http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=7121C0874693FF89 Inregistrari video despre Nova Roma pe YouTube]|<br />
RU=|}}.<br />
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Find [http://www.meetup.com/Cultus-Deorum-Romanorum/ Cultus Deorum events near you]!<br />
<br />
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{{:Events}}<br />
'''{{GlobalText|<br />
EN=Support Nova Roma|EO=|ES= Apoya a Nova Roma|DE= Unterstützt Nova Roma|FR=Soutenez Nova Roma|HU=Támogassa Nova Romát:|IT=Aiuta Nova Roma|LA=Reí públicae adestó|PT=Ajude Nova Roma|RO=Ajutati Nova Roma|RU=| }}''' <br />
* {{GlobalText|<br />
EN=Visit our Amazon shop in [http://astore.amazon.com/novrom-20 the USA], [http://astore.amazon.ca/novrom08-20 Canada], [http://astore.amazon.co.uk/novrom-21 the UK]|<br />
EO=|<br />
ES=Visita nuestra tienda Amazon en [http://astore.amazon.com/novrom-20 the USA], [http://astore.amazon.ca/novrom08-20 Canada], [http://astore.amazon.co.uk/novrom-21 the UK]|<br />
DE=|FR=|HU=|IT=|LA=|<br />
PT=Visite as nossas lojas Amazon [http://astore.amazon.com/novrom-20 nos EUA], [http://astore.amazon.ca/novrom08-20 no Canada], [http://astore.amazon.co.uk/novrom-21 no Reino Unido ]|<br />
RO=Vizitati magazinele noastre Amazon in [http://astore.amazon.com/novrom-20 USA], [http://astore.amazon.ca/novrom08-20 Canada], [http://astore.amazon.co.uk/novrom-21 UK]|<br />
RU=| }}<br />
* [http://www.novaroma.org/donations.html Paypal]<br />
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<div align="center"><br />
'''{{Global|Current events|{{GlobalText|<br />
EN=All Current Events...|<br />
ES=Todas las noticias...|<br />
DE=Alle aktuellen Termine...|<br />
PT=Todas as novidades...|<br />
FR=Toute l'actualité...|<br />
IT=Tutti gli eventi...|<br />
HU=Minden aktuális esemény...|<br />
LA=Omnés nuntií...|<br />
RO=Toate evenimentele curente...|}} <br />
}}'''<br />
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</div></div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Marcus_Octavius_Gracchus_(Nova_Roma)Marcus Octavius Gracchus (Nova Roma)2010-12-04T07:00:55Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{BioHeader|name=Marcus Octavius Gracchus|id=22|option=senator}}<br />
<div style="float:left;margin-right:0.5em">__TOC__</div><br />
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'''Marcus Octavius Gracchus''' was a [[Consular (Nova Roma)|Consular]] of [[Nova Roma]]. For over eight years, he was known as '''Marcus Octavius Germanicus''', changing his cognomen {{Sep 26}} {{2006}} to the more appropriate '''Gracchus'''. <br />
<br />
M. Octavius was one of the [[Early Citizens (Nova Roma)|first persons to join]] Nova Roma after its founding in [[MMDCCLI]], making him one of the original [[Patrician (Nova Roma)|Patrician]] [[Paterfamilias (Nova Roma)|Patresfamilias]].<br />
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M. Octavius resigned his citizenship {{Jun 8}} {{2009}}. [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/message/66424] <br />
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He returned briefly in {{2010}} to protest abuses by then-Pontifex Maximus Piscinus, but then departed again, rescinding a petition to regain citizenship, in protest of alleged election tampering and mailing list censorship perpetrated by Consul [[Publius Memmius Albucius (Nova Roma)|Publius Memmius Albucius]].<br />
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<br />
==Biography==<br />
<br />
===Early Involvement===<br />
Though he joined Nova Roma at its inception, Octavius was not immediately active, largely due to an [http://www.graveyards.com/ outside project]. In early {{2000}}, however, he began to participate in the mailing list, and thinking of ways to improve the web site. At about this time, Consul [[Quintus Fabius Maximus (Nova Roma)|Quintus Fabius Maximus]] posted to the main list [http://www.novaroma.org/forum/mainlist/2000/2000-04-04.html#M0013] a request for candidates to fill several vacancies: a new Censor was needed due to a resignation, as were two Curule Aediles as these positions had been vacant since the last year's general election.<br />
<br />
Octavius saw the Aedileship as an ideal position from which to implement his ideas for transforming the web site. He declared his candidacy for [[Curule Aedile (Nova Roma)|Curule Aedile]] the same day, {{Apr 4}} [http://www.novaroma.org/forum/mainlist/2000/2000-04-04.html#M0034], and soon after published a [http://www.novaroma.org/forum/mainlist/2000/2000-04-07.html#M0012 detailed plan] of improvements. When the [http://www.novaroma.org/forum/mainlist/2000/2000-05-05.html#M0007 election results] were posted, Octavius had been elected Curule Aedile Maior, 26 tribes to 18.<br />
<br />
He immediately began working closely with both Censores. Until this point, the citizen records had been kept in the form of a Microsoft Access file, supplemented with paper printouts of incoming requests for citizenship; these would be mailed between the two Censores each month as they rotated active duty. Octavius imported this data into a PostgreSQL database and built a web-based tool to edit it. Upon receiving the Censores' and Consules' approval, he transferred the novaroma.org domain and web site to his own server, where it remains to this day.<br />
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===Senator===<br />
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Only six months after becoming active as Aedile, Octavius was nominated to the Senate by unanimous vote of the Senate, and adlected by the two Censores. He turned his attention first to the upcoming elections, rewriting the voting software, and pledging to run for no office except Magister Araneum (where there was no opposition) to avoid the appearance of impropriety. In December, he was also approved by the Senate as Propraetor [[Provincia Lacus Magni (Nova Roma)|Provincia Lacus Magni]], a position that had been vacant since the resignation of [[Gaius Drusus Domitianus (Nova Roma)|Gaius Drusus Domitianus]] eighteen months before.<br />
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During the year {{2001}}, Octavius maintained a highly visible presence on the main list and in the debate over the so-called "Gender edict", maintaining that the decision had been reasonable and that it was time to move on, and clashing often with [[Marcus Apollonius Formosanus (Nova Roma)|Marcus Apollonius Formosanus]]. At this time he continued to make improvements to the web site, and in particular, the [[Album Civium (Nova Roma)|Album Civium]].<br />
<br />
At the end of {{2001}}, Octavius announced his intention to stand for Consul. The only other candidate was [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (Nova Roma)|Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix]], who was then finishing a two-year term as Censor. The election was very close, with Octavius receiving only one more [[century]] than Cornelius; he learned of this result while staying at the house of [[Stephanus Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus (Nova Roma)|Stephanus Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus]].<br />
<br />
===Consulship MMDCCLV===<br />
In the final week of {{2001}}, both outgoing consuls presented proposals to the Senate with insufficient time remaining in the year to conclude debate and voting. Consul [[Flavius Vedius Germanicus (Nova Roma)|Flavius Vedius Germanicus]] nominated three candidates for the Senate to vote on in order to make a recommendation to the [[Censor (Nova Roma)|Censores]]. Consul [[Marcus Cassius Iulianus (Nova Roma)|Marcus Cassius Iulianus]] proposed a law that would allow for the removal of inactive Senators, as two Senators had not been heard from in over a year. As Senior Consul, Octavius presided over the Senate in January, and thus inherited both proposals. <br />
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In addition to handling these issues, Octavius also in his first month proposed the title "Pater Patriae" for each of the two founders, who had also just finished their second consulships, and this was overwhelmingly approved by the Senate.<br />
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====First Censorial Powers Controversy====<br />
Former Consul Vedius's nomination of three proposed Senators did not, at first, attract much debate, as it was a relatively routine matter - save that one of the candidates was his wife, [[Priscilla Vedia Serena (Nova Roma)|Priscilla Vedia Serena]]. All three were presented to the Senate for a simple majority vote, and all three received the Senate's approval; the Senate thus made the official recommendation to the Censores that the three candidates should become Senators.<br />
<br />
Former Consul Cassius's plan for the removal of Senators was hotly contested. Both Censores were in favour, as this would give them a guideline for a process only vaguely described in the [[Constitution (Nova Roma)|Constitution]]. Other Senators were divided on the matter. Some claimed that it was ahistorical to remove Senators for absence; others maintained that the patterns of membership in an online society are sufficiently different from those of Roma Antiqua as to require different regulations, and that absences of a year or more were sufficient grounds to assume a person had lost interest alltogether.<br />
<br />
Simultaneously with this argument, the issue of the three proposed Senators arose again. The Censores disagreed with the recommendation of the Senate and did not wish to adlect all three candidates. The Senate divided on similar lines as they had on the above issue - with one faction claiming that the Censores '''must''' admit anyone approved by the Senate; the other saying that the decision was entirely that of the Censores. <br />
<br />
Octavius pushed hard for the Senator removal procedure, and eventually obtained Senate and Comitia approval for the [[Lex Octavia de senatoribus (Nova Roma)|Lex Octavia de Senatoribus]], which granted the Censores the power to remove those Senators who had failed to vote in two thirds of a year's Senate sessions. On the issue of the new Senators, however, he was less successful. With Censores [[Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus (Nova Roma)|Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus]] and [[Caius Flavius Diocletianus (Nova Roma)|Caius Flavius Diocletianus]] unwilling to accept Priscilla Vedia Serena, Octavius asked them instead to let the Senate choose three candidates from a list of five, who would then be made Senators. The Senate then voted, and when the three selected did not include P. Vedia, she and Pater Patriae Fl. Vedius both resigned citizenship on {{Mar 15}} {{2002}}.<br />
<br />
====[[Roman Days|Roman Days MMDCCLV]]====<br />
[[Image:RD2002_fivesenators.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Octavius (left) and the other Senators at Roman Days]]<br />
In June of the year of his Consulship, Octavius attended the annual Roman Days event in Maryland, there meeting several Nova Roma citizens for the first time.<br />
<br />
====Second Censorial Powers Controversy====<br />
Later that same month, a conflict arose between the two Consuls, again on the issue of the Censores power. Consul L. Cornelius had privately shown Octavius a proposed lex that would substantially modify the Censores' power to create Senators, in some cases, making adlection automatic, even against the wishes of the Senators. Octavius opposed this - thinking it was retaliation for the Censores' actions in the events three months prior - and privately insisted that the proposal be modified, or it would be vetoed. When Consul Cornelius finally posted a call for votes, however, the text included several of the features that the two had agreed would be removed, and Octavius vetoed it within hours.<br />
<br />
This ended a truce that had existed between the two Consuls, and for much of the remainder of their term, they quarrelled publicly and privately.<br />
<br />
====Gens Reform====<br />
<br />
===First Censorship [[MMDCCLVI]]-[[MMDCCLVII]]===<br />
At the end of his Consulship, Octavius was elected Censor. He had worked closely with the Censores ever since {{2000}}, when he took over the web site and built the Censores' tools, and had been himself performing some of the Censores' functions ever since - assignment of voter codes, tribes, and centuries. Now, as Censor, Octavius continued to work on the tools, while his colleague [[Caius Flavius Diocletianus (Nova Roma)|Caius Flavius Diocletianus]] handled the regular duties of the office.<br />
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But during this time, his enthusiasm for Nova Roma was waning. Octavius was thoroughly and repeatedly criticised on the main list by allies of his co-consul of the previous year, and he largely withdrew from public life. In early {{2004}}, Octavius and his second colleague [[Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus (Nova Roma)|Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus]] published a [[Nota (Nova Roma)|Nota]] against Senator [[Lucius Sicinius Drusus (Nova Roma)|Lucius Sicinius Drusus]], and the resulting villification of the Censores further increased Octavius's isolation. In May of that year, he looked on the main list after having avoided it for some time, and saw that one citizen was in the process of initiating a lawsuit against another for "slander". Utterly disgusted by this, he resigned as Censor and unsubscribed from every mailing list. <br />
<br />
===Absence and Return===<br />
For about a year after this event, Octavius was largely absent from Nova Roma.<br />
<br />
In the summer of {{2005}}, Octavius, though still unhappy with the direction of Nova Roma, met with some friends in Ohio to discuss revival of the Religio Romana, and how it might be accomplished if Nova Roma continued to be a place where fighting was the principal activity. This reawakened his hope for Nova Roma, and he began to think of contributing to society again. At a meeting with [[Caius Minucius Scaevola (Nova Roma)|Caius Minucius Scaevola]], then webmaster, in late {{2005}} he suggested increasing citizen participation in the web site by installing a '''Wiki'''. Though he was avoiding politics and the main list, Octavius had returned to Nova Roma, "behind the scenes", and was once again working to advance its mission.<br />
<br />
In the [[Election MMDCCLVIII|Election]] of {{2005}}, Octavius assisted Scaevola in configuring the voting tools, and supported consular candidate [[Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus (Nova Roma)|Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus]], later becoming Consul Modianus's Accensus.<br />
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===Second Censorship [[MMDCCLIX]]-[[MMDCCLX]]===<br />
A vacancy opened in the Censorship with the resignation of newly-elected Censor [[Gaius Minucius Hadrianus Felix (Nova Roma)|Gaius Minucius Hadrianus Felix]] due to work-related issues. Octavius, by now active again, saw this as his opportunity to return to public life, and ran unopposed for the position. He took his oath of office {{May 15}} {{2006}}, four days before the anniversary of his resignation as Censor two years before; thus, if he completes his term, he will have served more than three years as Censor, a longer time than any other to hold that office.<br />
<br />
Within days of Octavius assuming office, an unpleasant discovery was made. Appius Claudius Priscus, who had been citizen for about six months, was discovered to have ties to the neo-Nazi movement. The Consuls and Censores monitored the activities of this person while attempting to find more information. When he boasted of having contacted the US Government in the name of Nova Roma - without authorisation - Octavius and Marinus issued a Nota against Priscus, on {{Jun 6}} {{2006}}.<br />
<br />
After the Priscus crisis had passed, Octavius turned his attention to the Album Civium pages and the Censors' tools, some of which had been essentially unchanged for five years. A new set of Album Civium pageswas released in October. Soon after, Octavius installed and announced an [[IRC (Nova Roma)|IRC Server]] for regularly scheduled chats.<br />
<br />
===MMDCCLXI===<br />
Disgusted by the actions of persons involved in a struggle to control the priestly colleges, and by the insistence by some that a complex law code with massive potential penalties was appropriate for a small organization, Octavius quit the Senate in the [[Purge of MMDCCLXI (Nova Roma)|Purge of MMDCCLXI]], and largely ended his involvement with Nova Roma.<br />
<br />
===MMDCCLXIII - Return and Final Departure ===<br />
The resignation of Octavius left Nova Roma unable to hold proper and legal elections. Although the election software's configuration file format was documented in the files themselves, and Octavius had fully cooperated with the new CIO of {{2009}} in explaining how these worked and even offered to set up elections (at industry-standard consulting rates), disagreement in the upper echelons of Nova Roma resulted in no such work being commissioned. <br />
<br />
At the time the election software was created, at least four professional sysadmins had been active members: Octavius Gracchus, T. Octavius Pius, Q. Valerius Callidus, M. Minucius Scaevola. Each of these had managed elections without difficulty; and thus Octavius had never foreseen a need to make the software configurable by less qualified persons, as there had never been a shortage of competent volunteers. Unfortunately, between 2006 and 2009, '''all four''' of the capable volunteers left Nova Roma in disgust at the factionalism or the obsession with "law", leaving the software orphaned and poorly understood.<br />
<br />
In {{2010}}, the simultaneous resignation of both Praetores led to a power struggle between the two consuls. A Senate meeting was called, purportedly to discuss the "IT Crisis"; but in the final hours of that meeting a resolution to appoint a Dictator was introduced, over the objections of Consul Albucius, whose veto was ignored. Octavius had, meanwhile, returned to the main list in order to denounce recent actions of Piscinus; though not a citizen, he still held a strong opinion about that individual, and had heard "through the grapevine" about various actions that negatively impacted some of his few remaining friends within Nova Roma.<br />
<br />
For four months, Octavius - though a non-citizen - was a regular participant in the political debates on the main list, taking the side of Consul Albucius when the College of Pontifices twice found him guilty of ''impietas prudens dolo malo'' because of his intentional violation of augural procedures as set forth by the College of Augurs and the Senate tried to install a dictator over his objections. Octavius proposed a resolution to the crisis: a peaceful partitioning of Nova Roma into two independent groups roughly corresponding to the two major factions; this proposal had some support by various members of both factions but was rejected by the leaders on both sides. The struggle continued, with magistrates and priests ignoring each others' vetoes and proclamations, until finally Piscinus (who had forgotten to pay his annual membership fee) quit the Senate and was removed as Pontifex Maximus. In celebration of this, Octavius applied to the Censores for reinstatement of citizenship.<br />
<br />
Such optimism was not to last, however. That same month, the Senate passed a Senatus Consultum Ultimum granting Consul Albucius sole authority to run the upcoming annual election. What this was expected to accomplish is unclear; the reason elections could not be held earlier was due to the lack of a competent sysadmin or programmer to configure the software, rather than the lack of a strong-willed consul to oversee things, and it remains to be seen whether the S.C.U. will magically bestow technical competence on its beneficiary. <br />
<br />
Now possessing supreme authority, Consul Albucius chose to appoint one of the candidates for consul, [[Aula Tullia Scholastica (Nova Roma)|Aula Tullia Scholastica]] as diribitor, and to ignore her refusal to take up a position she had not consented to. Though she immediately resigned, Albucius outright refused to accept her resignation, and kept her name off the approved list of candidates for consul. <br />
<br />
Octavius, appalled by Albucius's utter disregard for individual rights and his willingness to tamper with an election by not allowing all eligible candidates, protested most vehemently on the mailing lists. At the height of the debate, Albucius forcibly unsubscribed Octavius from the main list, effectively censoring opposition to his agenda of a rigged election.<br />
<br />
Two hours after being banished, Octavius wrote to the censores to rescind his petition for reinstatement as a full citizen. The following morning, {{Dec 1}}, a lengthly valedictory statement from him appeared on the main list, forwarded by a friend who was brave enough to openly defy the consul. Octavius explained that his personal ethical principles, which highly value the rights of individuals, are fundamentally and irrevocably in conflict with the "letter of the law" attitude prevalent in Nova Roma.<br />
<br />
Marcus Octavius Gracchus has no intention to return to Nova Roma ever again.<br />
<br />
<!-- written by Octavius 02 Dec 2010. Hi, thanks for reading! --><br />
<br />
==[[Cursus honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
<br />
* [[Censor (Nova Roma)|Censor]]<br />
:{{2007}}<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
:{{2004}}<br />
:{{2003}}<br />
* [[Consul (Nova Roma)|Consul]]<br />
:{{2002}}<br />
* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]]<br />
:from {{Nov 11}}{{2000}} to {{Feb 4}}{{2008}}<br />
* [[Propraetor (Nova Roma)|Propraetor]] of [[Lacus Magni (Nova Roma)|Lacus Magni]]<br />
:{{2001}}<br />
* [[Aedilis Curulis (Nova Roma)|Aedilis Curulis]]<br />
:{{2000}}<br />
<br />
==Other Posts==<br />
<br />
* [[Magister Aranearius (Nova Roma)|Magister Aranearius]]<br />
:{{2004}}<br />
:{{2002}}<br />
:{{2001}}<br />
* [[Accensus (Nova Roma)|Accensus]]<br />
:{{2008}}<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
* [[Scriba (Nova Roma)|Scriba]]<br />
:{{2006}}<br />
:{{2005}}<br />
:{{2003}}<br />
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:{{2000}}<br />
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[[Category: Consulars (Nova Roma)|Octavius Gracchus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Governors (Nova Roma)|Octavius Gracchus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Magistrates (Nova Roma)|Octavius Gracchus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Gens Octavia (Nova Roma)|M. Octavius Gracchus]]<br />
[[Category: Tribus Horatia (Nova Roma)|Octavius Gracchus, M.]]<br />
[[Category: Former Senators (Nova Roma)|Octavius Gracchus, M.]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Gaius_Aelius_Ericius_(Nova_Roma)Gaius Aelius Ericius (Nova Roma)2010-11-27T08:36:12Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>'''C. Aelius Ericius''' was an early citizen, and a Senator for nearly three years.<br />
He was the first Gubernator of Provincia California (as Propraetor), and is a former Pontifex and former Augur.<br />
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C. Aelius' citizenship ended in {{2001}}, and has not been heard from in recent years.<br />
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When one time Ericius posted that he was disgusted by certain events, by no means the first time he had spoken out, [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (Nova Roma)|Sulla]], who was censor back then, immediately removed Ericius from all of the albums, depriving him of his Senate seat and religious offices, claiming that Ericius had resigned when he done no such thing, not bothering to consult with his colleague Censor Marius, or so much as awaiting the mandatory 48 hours. This was the final catalyst, after so many others, that saw a substantial portion of the Senate at the time resign from Nova Roma on the Ides of March 2001.<br />
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==[[Cursus Honorum (Nova Roma)|''Cursus Honorum'']]==<br />
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* [[Senator (Nova Roma)|Senator]]<br />
:from {{Jul 5}}{{1998}} to {{Mar 3}}{{2001}}<br />
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* [[:Category:Governors (Nova Roma)|Propraetor]] of [[Provincia California (Nova Roma)|California]]<br />
:{{1998}}<br />
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[[Category: Former Senators (Nova Roma)|Aelius Ericius, C.]]<br />
[[Category: Gens Aelia (Nova Roma)|Aelius Ericius, C.]]<br />
[[Category: MMDCCLIV]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Talk:Elections_2764-Callcurule_(Nova_Roma)Talk:Elections 2764-Callcurule (Nova Roma)2010-11-26T23:02:58Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>''Tantae molis erat Romanam condere gentem!'' - Vergil<br />
:[http://www.novaroma.org/vici/index.php?title=Talk:Elections_2764-Callcurule_(Nova_Roma)&oldid=44796 Indeed] "Qui autem parti civium consulunt, partem neglegunt, rem perniciosissimam in civitatem inducunt, seditionem atque discordiam."</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Talk:Elections_2764-Callcurule_(Nova_Roma)Talk:Elections 2764-Callcurule (Nova Roma)2010-11-26T22:39:42Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>''Tantae molis erat Romanam condere gentem!'' - Vergil<br />
:[http://www.novaroma.org/vici/index.php?title=Talk:Elections_2764-Callcurule_(Nova_Roma)&oldid=44796 Indeed]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Talk:Elections_2764-Callcurule_(Nova_Roma)Talk:Elections 2764-Callcurule (Nova Roma)2010-11-26T06:32:54Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: New page: These modifications of the electoral system are illegal.</p>
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<div>These modifications of the electoral system are illegal.</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Talk:LucretiusTalk:Lucretius2010-11-21T10:30:04Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Talk:Lucretius moved to Talk:Gens Lucretia</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Talk:Gens Lucretia]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/LucretiusLucretius2010-11-21T10:30:04Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Lucretius moved to Gens Lucretia</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Gens Lucretia]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Talk:Gens_LucretiaTalk:Gens Lucretia2010-11-21T10:30:04Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Talk:Lucretius moved to Talk:Gens Lucretia</p>
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<div>==Other Lucretii==<br />
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I seem to recall a certain Q. Lucretius Ofella who was an officer under L. Sulla during the civil war. He was in charge of the siege of a major city, Praeneste if I recall correctly, and later tried to run for consul against Sulla's wishes, whereupon Sulla had him killed.<br />
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Let me know if you'd like me to rummage in my old notes to find a source or two for the chap.<br />
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- [[User:Aulus Apollonius Cordus|Cordus]] 19:30, 16 June 2007 (CEST)<br />
:No need to rummage, there is a wikipedia article about him http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Lucretius_Ofella Many thanks! [[User:M. Lucretius Agricola|Agricola]] 06:09, 27 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
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== References ==<br />
<br />
I notice that currently where two or more sources are cited as authority for a single statement, each source is given in a separate footnote. This results in some sentences being followed by several footnotes. In my experience this is not standard academic practice, at least in the fields of history and archaeology. May I suggest that all the sources for a given statement be cited together in the same footnote, separated by semi-colons?<br />
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- [[User:Aulus Apollonius Cordus|Cordus]] 20:20, 25 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
:You are right, of course and I've cleaned it up. [[User:M. Lucretius Agricola|Agricola]] 06:09, 27 July 2007 (CEST)</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Gens_LucretiaGens Lucretia2010-11-21T10:30:04Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: Lucretius moved to Gens Lucretia</p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar|Lucretius}}<br />
See also: [[:Category:Gens Lucretia (Nova Roma)|Gens Lucretia in Nova Roma]].<br />
----<br />
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''Gens Lucretia'' was originally patrician, but later also included plebeian families. It was one of the most ancient ''gentes'', and the name occurs as early as the reign of [[Numa Pompilius]]. <br />
<br />
The ''[[cognomen]]'' of the patrician Lucretii was "''Triciptinus''". The plebeian families are known by the surnames of ''Gallus'', ''Ofella'', ''Trio'' and ''Vespillo''. ''Carus'' also occurs as the ''cognomen'' of the poet Lucretius. A few Lucretii are mentioned without any cognomen. ''Praenomina'' commonly used by members of this ''gens'' were '''''Lucius''''', '''''Publius''''', '''''Titus''''', and '''''Spurius'''''.<br />
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==''Lucretia''==<br />
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Lucretia was the daughter of Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus and the wife of L. Tarquinius Collatinus. "The [[Rape of Lucretia]]" explains the expulsion of the kings from Rome and is told by [[Livy]] <ref>[[Livy]] I: 57-58</ref>.<br />
<br />
Another Lucretia was the wife of [[Numa Pompilius]] <ref>[[Plutarch]], Life of Numa, 21</ref>.<br />
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==Titus Lucretius Carus==<br />
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{{:Titus Lucretius Carus}}<br />
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Main article: [[Titus Lucretius Carus]]<br />
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==Lucretii Triciptini==<br />
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===Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus===<br />
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Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus, the father of Lucretia, whose rape by Sex. Tarquinius led to the dethronement of Tarquinius Superbus and the establishment of the republic. Triciptinus was a member of the senate under Tarquinius, and was appointed ''Praefectus Urbi'' by the king, when the latter left the city to prosecute the war against Ardea. After the dethronement of the king, and before the appointment of the consuls, Triciptinus, by virtue of his office of ''Praefectus Urbi'', had the government of the city. He presided at the ''[[comitia]]'', in which the first consuls were elected, and for this purpose was probably elected interrex by the patricians, as is expressly stated by Dionysius (v. 11).<br />
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The two first consuls were L. Junius Brutus and L. Tarquinius Collatinus, 509 BCE. ; and after the death of Brutus in battle, in the course of the same year, Triciptinus was elected to supply his place; but worn out by age, he died a few days after entering upon the office. <ref>[[Livy]] i. 58, 59, ii. 8; Dionysius iv. 76, 82, 84, v. 11, 19; Tac. Ann. vi. .11; [[Cicero]] de Rep. ii. 31</ref><br />
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===T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus===<br />
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T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus, consul in 508 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, in which year he fought against the [[Etruscan]]s, who had attacked Rome under Porsena, and he is said by Dionysius to have been wounded in the battle. Dionysius, however, places the invasion of Porsena in the following year, and accordingly represents Triciptinus as one of the generals of the Roman army under the consuls <ref>Livy ii. 8, 11; Dionysius v. 20, 22, 23</ref>. Triciptinus was consul a second time in 504 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, in which year the consuls carried on the war against the [[Sabines]] with success <ref>Livy ii. 16; Dionysius v. 40, foll.</ref>.<br />
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===Lucretius (Triciptinus)===<br />
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Lucretius (Triciptinus), was possibly consul in 507 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, although some sources give M. Horatius Pulvillus as Publicola's colleague<ref>For Lucretius as Publicola's colleage see Livy; ii. For Horatius, not Lucretius, as Publicola's colleague see Dionysius v. 21 and Ovid, Fasti.</ref>.<br />
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===L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus===<br />
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L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus, (son of the T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus who was consul in 508 B.C.E.), was himself consul in 462 BCE. with T. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus. He fell upon the Volscians, when they were returning from an invasion of the Roman territory laden with booty, and nearly annihilated the whole army. He obtained in consequence the honour of a triumph. In the following year he exerted himself warmly to save Kaeso Quintius, who was brought to trial by the tribune Virginius <ref>Livy iii. 8, 10, 12 ; Dionysius ix. 69—71.</ref>. Triciptinus is mentioned by Dionysius <ref>Dionysius xi. 15</ref> as one of the distinguished senators who spoke in favour of the abolition of the decemvirate in BCE 449.<br />
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===Hostus Lucretius L. f. T. n. Triciptinus===<br />
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Hostus Lucretius L. f. T. n. Triciptinus, son of ,L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus (who was consul in 462 BCE) was consul in 429 B.C.E. with L. Sergius Fidenas <ref>Livy iv. 30</ref>.<br />
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===P. Lucretius Hosti f. Triciptinus===<br />
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P. Lucretius Hosti f. Triciptinus, consular tribune in 419 BCE, and a second time in 417 BCE <ref>Livy iv. 44, 47</ref>.<br />
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===L. Lucretius Flavus Triciptinus===<br />
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L. Lucretius Flavus Triciptinus, consul in 393 BCE with Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus, in which year he conquered the Aequi. He was consular tribune in 391 B.C.E., when he gained a victory over the Volsinienses ; and he held the same office a second time in 388 BCE, a third time in 383 BCE, and a fourth time in 381 BCE<ref>Livy v. 29, 32, vi. 4, 21, 22</ref>. Plutarch <ref>Plutarch, Camillus 32</ref> represents L. Lucretius as the senator who was usually asked first for his opinion, probably because he was one of the few who had held the rank of consul; and the same writer informs us that Lucretius spoke against the removal to Veii.<br />
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See http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3507.html for more.<br />
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==Lucretii Vespillones==<br />
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===Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Lucretius Vespillo was aedile 133 BCE. He is said to have thrown the corpse of [[Tiberius Gracchus]] into the Tiber and thus to have obtained the surname of ''Vespillo'' ("undertaker")<ref>Anrel. Vict. de Vir. III. 64; respecting the Vespillones, see Diet, of Antiq. p. 559, a, 2d ed.</ref>. <br />
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===Q. Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Q. Lucretius Vespillo, an orator and a jurist, was proscribed by [[Sulla]] and put to death <ref>Cicero "Brutus" 48; Appian, B. G. iv. 44.</ref>.<br />
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===Q. Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Q. Lucretius Vespillo, the son of Q. Lucretius Vespillo the jurist, served in the Pompeian fleet in 48 BCE. He was proscribed by the triumvirs in 43 BCE, but more fortunate than his father, was concealed by his wife '''Turia''' in his own house at Rome, till his friends obtained his pardon. In 20 BCE he was one of the deputation which the senate sent to Augustus at Athens to request the latter to assume the consulship for the following year. Augustus declined the honour, and appointed Vespillo, who was accordingly consul with C. Sentius Saturninus in 19 BCE<ref>Caesar B.C. iii. 7 </ref> <ref>Appian, B. C. iv. 44; Val. Max. vi. 7. § 2; Dion Cassius liv. 10.</ref>. He is mentioned in the ''[[Res Gestae Divi Augusti]]''.<br />
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See http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3582.html for more.<br />
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====Turia====<br />
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Turia is one of three women listed by the historian [[Valerius Maximus]] as examples of womanly virtue:<br />
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:"When Quintus Lucretius [Vespillo, the consul of 19 BCE] was proscribed by the triumvirs, his wife Turia hid him in her bedroom above the rafters. A single maidservant knew the secret. At great risk to herself, she kept him safe from imminent death. So rare was her loyalty that, while the other men who had been proscribed found themselves in foreign, hostile places, barely managing to escape the worst tortures of body and soul, Lucretius was safe in that bedroom in the arms of his wife." <ref>Valerius Maximus, Memorable Deeds and Sayings 6.7.1-3. L at http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-mensopinions53.shtml</ref> <br />
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[[Image:Laudatio Turiae 2.jpg|frame|right|So called "Laudatio Turiae" inscription (fragment). Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
A lengthy funerary inscription exists <ref>{{CIL|VI|1527}} Text of the "Laudatio Turiae".</ref> which is traditionally known as the "''Laudatio Turiae''". The unnamed subject has sometimes been identified with the Turia married to Q. Lucretius Vespillo. W. Ward Fowler states, "...there is a very strong probability that her name was Turia, and that he was a certain Q. Lucretius Vespillo..." <ref>Fowler,W. "Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero" at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11256</ref>. N.S. Gill, however, says "It is strongly believed that the woman of this inscription was not Turia." <ref>Gill, N.S., "Laudatio Turiae" at http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/familyanddailylife/p/LaudatioTuriae.htm</ref> Dr. Susan Martin discusses the meaning of the inscription, locating it in its historical context and observing that it shows "...the potential for strength in the conventional model of Roman womanhood." <ref>Martin, S., "Private Lives and Public Personae" at http://www.dl.ket.org/latin2/mores/women/womenful.htm</ref><br />
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There is an [http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/survey/laud%20tur.htm English translation available online] as well as the extant [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Eharsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/LaudatioTuriae/lau_turi.html Latin text]. VRoma has two images of fragments: [http://www.vroma.org/images/raia_images/laudatio_turiae.jpg 1] [http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/laudatioturiae2.jpg 2]<br />
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==Lucretii Ofellae==<br />
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Q. Lucretius Ofella was a general who served under L. [[Cornelius]] [[Sulla]]. He successfully besieged [[Praeneste]], but later fell afoul of Sulla and was killed<ref>Plutarch. Life of Sulla, 29, 33</ref>.<br />
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==Lucretii Triones==<br />
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The ''cognomen'' "''Trio''" is found on coins but is not found in any ancient writer. [Warning: These coins have been faked. <ref>Scroll down [http://mriess.acm.jhu.edu/castfakes/republican.html this page] for examples of faked coins from these moneyers.</ref><br />
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===Cn. Lucretius Trio===<br />
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A "moneyer" active around 135-127 BCE. <ref>Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Lucretius "Gnaeus Lucretius"]</ref> There is an image of [http://tapor1.mcmaster.ca/~coins/search.php?coinId=307&mode=normal a coin of Cn. Lucretius Trio at McMaster University].<br />
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===L. Lucretius Trio===<br />
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A "moneyer" active around 74 BCE. <ref>Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Lucretius "Lucius Lucretius"]</ref> There is an image of [http://www.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=157680&AucID=191&Lot=1886 a coin of L. Lucretius Trio at CoinArchives].<br />
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==Lucretii Galli==<br />
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C. Lucretius Gallus. The reverse of the denarius of L. Lucretius Trio may refer to C. Lucretius Gallus who in 181 BCE was created ''duumvir navalis'' and later commanded the fleet against Perseus of Macedon.<ref>Seaby, H., Roman Silver Coins. </ref><br />
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<!-- Smith's http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1936.html G. Lucretius Gallus, was created duumvir navalis with C. Matienus, b. c. 181, in order to equip a fleet against the Ligurians (Liv xl. 26). Livy (/. c.) calls him simply C. Lucretius, but there can be little doubt about his being the same as C. Lucretius Gallus. Lucretius Gallus was praetor B. c. 171, and received the command of the fleet in the war against Perseus, king of Macedonia. He was a worthy match for the consul P. Licinius Crassus, and distinguished himself by his cruelties and exactions in Greece. With the money which he had amassed in the war, he constructed an aqueduct at Antium, and adorned the shrine of Aesculapius with votive pictures. On his return to Rome in b. c. 170, the Athenians and Chalcidians brought bitter complaints against him, in. consequence of which he was accused by two tribunes of the plebs before the people, and condemned to pay a heavy fine. (Liv. xlii. 28, 31, 35, 48, 56, 63, xliii. 4, 6, 7, 8 ; Polyb. xxvii. 6.)<br />
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--><br />
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M. Lucretius (Gallus), brother of C. Lucretius Gallus, was tribune of the plebs 172 BCE. He brought forward a bill "''ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent.''" <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=coYDAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PT55&ots=XxkaBXkxJg&dq=ut%20agrum%20Campanum&pg=PT55#v=onepage&q=ut%20agrum%20Campanum&f=false "ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent." Google Books]</ref> In the next year he served as legate to his brother in Greece. <ref>Livy xlii. 19, 48, 56.</ref><br />
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==Lucretii in Pompeii==<br />
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[[Image:Lucretius Fronto villa fresco.jpg|frame|right|Fourth style wall painting from the house of M. Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii. Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
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===M. Lucretius===<br />
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Two houses belonging to Lucretii have been identified in [[Pompeii]]. The house of M. Lucretius was found in Regio IX <ref>Leach, E.W., "House of Marcus Lucretius IX.3.5" at https://oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/leach/www/c409/mlplan.html</ref> and that of M. Lucretius Fronto in Regio V <ref>Leach, E.W., "House of M. Lucretius Fronto" at https://oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/leach/www/c409/fronto.html</ref><br />
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===M. Lucretius Fronto===<br />
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Marcus Lucretius Fronto's house in Pompeii is notable for the quantity and quality of the art found therein. <ref>Pompeii Art Gallery (BBC) at http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/pompeii_art_gallery_06.shtml</ref> <br />
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==Lucretii in Egypt==<br />
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===C. Lucretius Saturnilus===<br />
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Gaius Lucretius Saturnilus is mentioned as being involved in the execution of a will in Egypt, 149 CE<ref>Rowlandson, J. and Bagnall, R. (1998). ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521588154, ISBN 9780521588157 preview at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=8-M9TnEYKXIC&printsec=frontcover#PPA189,M1]</ref>.<br />
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===M. Lucretius Diogenes===<br />
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The testament of Isidora to her husband M. Lucretius Diogenes and her son Isidoros is known from a papyrus find in Egypt<br />
<ref>Text at The Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri: [http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0100 P.Diog.: Les Archives de Marcus Lucretius Diogenes et textes apparentés]</ref> <ref>Rowlandson, J. and Bagnall, R. (1998). ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521588154, ISBN 9780521588157 preview at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=8-M9TnEYKXIC&printsec=frontcover#PPA200,M1]</ref>.<br />
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==Lucretiani==<br />
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Under conditions of adoption, a Roman took the name of the adoptive parent, adding a trace of the original ''nomen'' in adjectival form as an (additional) cognomen. Several "''Lucretiani''" appear in the historical record. <br />
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===Lucius Titinius Glaucus Lucretianus===<br />
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Lucius Titinius Glaucus Lucretianus is recorded as supervisor of the reconstruction of the Odeon at Cosa and is also mentioned in conjunction with the Capitoline temple there.<br />
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===Antonius Lucretianus===<br />
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The British Museum has a small altar found at Winchester dedicated by Antonius Lucretianus: <br />
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MATRIB ITALIS GERMANIS GAL BRIT '''ANTONIVS LVCRETIANVS''' BF COS REST<br />
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("For the Mother Goddesses of Italy, the Germanies, Gaul and Britain, the Beneficiarius Consularis Antonius Lucretianus restored [this temple].") <ref>(RIB 88; altarstone), http://www.roman-britain.org/places/venta_belgarum.htm</ref><br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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[[Category:Gentes| Lucretia]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Gens_LucretiaGens Lucretia2010-11-19T06:51:12Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{LanguageBar|Lucretius}}<br />
See also: [[:Category:Gens Lucretia (Nova Roma)|Gens Lucretia in Nova Roma]].<br />
----<br />
<br />
''Gens Lucretia'' was originally patrician, but later also included plebeian families. It was one of the most ancient ''gentes'', and the name occurs as early as the reign of [[Numa Pompilius]]. <br />
<br />
The ''[[cognomen]]'' of the patrician Lucretii was "''Triciptinus''". The plebeian families are known by the surnames of ''Gallus'', ''Ofella'', ''Trio'' and ''Vespillo''. ''Carus'' also occurs as the ''cognomen'' of the poet Lucretius. A few Lucretii are mentioned without any cognomen. ''Praenomina'' commonly used by members of this ''gens'' were '''''Lucius''''', '''''Publius''''', '''''Titus''''', and '''''Spurius'''''.<br />
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==''Lucretia''==<br />
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Lucretia was the daughter of Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus and the wife of L. Tarquinius Collatinus. "The [[Rape of Lucretia]]" explains the expulsion of the kings from Rome and is told by [[Livy]] <ref>[[Livy]] I: 57-58</ref>.<br />
<br />
Another Lucretia was the wife of [[Numa Pompilius]] <ref>[[Plutarch]], Life of Numa, 21</ref>.<br />
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==Titus Lucretius Carus==<br />
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{{:Titus Lucretius Carus}}<br />
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Main article: [[Titus Lucretius Carus]]<br />
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==Lucretii Triciptini==<br />
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===Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus===<br />
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Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus, the father of Lucretia, whose rape by Sex. Tarquinius led to the dethronement of Tarquinius Superbus and the establishment of the republic. Triciptinus was a member of the senate under Tarquinius, and was appointed ''Praefectus Urbi'' by the king, when the latter left the city to prosecute the war against Ardea. After the dethronement of the king, and before the appointment of the consuls, Triciptinus, by virtue of his office of ''Praefectus Urbi'', had the government of the city. He presided at the ''[[comitia]]'', in which the first consuls were elected, and for this purpose was probably elected interrex by the patricians, as is expressly stated by Dionysius (v. 11).<br />
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The two first consuls were L. Junius Brutus and L. Tarquinius Collatinus, 509 BCE. ; and after the death of Brutus in battle, in the course of the same year, Triciptinus was elected to supply his place; but worn out by age, he died a few days after entering upon the office. <ref>[[Livy]] i. 58, 59, ii. 8; Dionysius iv. 76, 82, 84, v. 11, 19; Tac. Ann. vi. .11; [[Cicero]] de Rep. ii. 31</ref><br />
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===T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus===<br />
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T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus, consul in 508 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, in which year he fought against the [[Etruscan]]s, who had attacked Rome under Porsena, and he is said by Dionysius to have been wounded in the battle. Dionysius, however, places the invasion of Porsena in the following year, and accordingly represents Triciptinus as one of the generals of the Roman army under the consuls <ref>Livy ii. 8, 11; Dionysius v. 20, 22, 23</ref>. Triciptinus was consul a second time in 504 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, in which year the consuls carried on the war against the [[Sabines]] with success <ref>Livy ii. 16; Dionysius v. 40, foll.</ref>.<br />
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===Lucretius (Triciptinus)===<br />
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Lucretius (Triciptinus), was possibly consul in 507 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, although some sources give M. Horatius Pulvillus as Publicola's colleague<ref>For Lucretius as Publicola's colleage see Livy; ii. For Horatius, not Lucretius, as Publicola's colleague see Dionysius v. 21 and Ovid, Fasti.</ref>.<br />
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===L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus===<br />
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L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus, (son of the T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus who was consul in 508 B.C.E.), was himself consul in 462 BCE. with T. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus. He fell upon the Volscians, when they were returning from an invasion of the Roman territory laden with booty, and nearly annihilated the whole army. He obtained in consequence the honour of a triumph. In the following year he exerted himself warmly to save Kaeso Quintius, who was brought to trial by the tribune Virginius <ref>Livy iii. 8, 10, 12 ; Dionysius ix. 69—71.</ref>. Triciptinus is mentioned by Dionysius <ref>Dionysius xi. 15</ref> as one of the distinguished senators who spoke in favour of the abolition of the decemvirate in BCE 449.<br />
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===Hostus Lucretius L. f. T. n. Triciptinus===<br />
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Hostus Lucretius L. f. T. n. Triciptinus, son of ,L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus (who was consul in 462 BCE) was consul in 429 B.C.E. with L. Sergius Fidenas <ref>Livy iv. 30</ref>.<br />
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===P. Lucretius Hosti f. Triciptinus===<br />
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P. Lucretius Hosti f. Triciptinus, consular tribune in 419 BCE, and a second time in 417 BCE <ref>Livy iv. 44, 47</ref>.<br />
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===L. Lucretius Flavus Triciptinus===<br />
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L. Lucretius Flavus Triciptinus, consul in 393 BCE with Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus, in which year he conquered the Aequi. He was consular tribune in 391 B.C.E., when he gained a victory over the Volsinienses ; and he held the same office a second time in 388 BCE, a third time in 383 BCE, and a fourth time in 381 BCE<ref>Livy v. 29, 32, vi. 4, 21, 22</ref>. Plutarch <ref>Plutarch, Camillus 32</ref> represents L. Lucretius as the senator who was usually asked first for his opinion, probably because he was one of the few who had held the rank of consul; and the same writer informs us that Lucretius spoke against the removal to Veii.<br />
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See http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3507.html for more.<br />
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==Lucretii Vespillones==<br />
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===Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Lucretius Vespillo was aedile 133 BCE. He is said to have thrown the corpse of [[Tiberius Gracchus]] into the Tiber and thus to have obtained the surname of ''Vespillo'' ("undertaker")<ref>Anrel. Vict. de Vir. III. 64; respecting the Vespillones, see Diet, of Antiq. p. 559, a, 2d ed.</ref>. <br />
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===Q. Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Q. Lucretius Vespillo, an orator and a jurist, was proscribed by [[Sulla]] and put to death <ref>Cicero "Brutus" 48; Appian, B. G. iv. 44.</ref>.<br />
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===Q. Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Q. Lucretius Vespillo, the son of Q. Lucretius Vespillo the jurist, served in the Pompeian fleet in 48 BCE. He was proscribed by the triumvirs in 43 BCE, but more fortunate than his father, was concealed by his wife '''Turia''' in his own house at Rome, till his friends obtained his pardon. In 20 BCE he was one of the deputation which the senate sent to Augustus at Athens to request the latter to assume the consulship for the following year. Augustus declined the honour, and appointed Vespillo, who was accordingly consul with C. Sentius Saturninus in 19 BCE<ref>Caesar B.C. iii. 7 </ref> <ref>Appian, B. C. iv. 44; Val. Max. vi. 7. § 2; Dion Cassius liv. 10.</ref>. He is mentioned in the ''[[Res Gestae Divi Augusti]]''.<br />
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See http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3582.html for more.<br />
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====Turia====<br />
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Turia is one of three women listed by the historian [[Valerius Maximus]] as examples of womanly virtue:<br />
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:"When Quintus Lucretius [Vespillo, the consul of 19 BCE] was proscribed by the triumvirs, his wife Turia hid him in her bedroom above the rafters. A single maidservant knew the secret. At great risk to herself, she kept him safe from imminent death. So rare was her loyalty that, while the other men who had been proscribed found themselves in foreign, hostile places, barely managing to escape the worst tortures of body and soul, Lucretius was safe in that bedroom in the arms of his wife." <ref>Valerius Maximus, Memorable Deeds and Sayings 6.7.1-3. L at http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-mensopinions53.shtml</ref> <br />
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[[Image:Laudatio Turiae 2.jpg|frame|right|So called "Laudatio Turiae" inscription (fragment). Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
A lengthy funerary inscription exists <ref>{{CIL|VI|1527}} Text of the "Laudatio Turiae".</ref> which is traditionally known as the "''Laudatio Turiae''". The unnamed subject has sometimes been identified with the Turia married to Q. Lucretius Vespillo. W. Ward Fowler states, "...there is a very strong probability that her name was Turia, and that he was a certain Q. Lucretius Vespillo..." <ref>Fowler,W. "Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero" at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11256</ref>. N.S. Gill, however, says "It is strongly believed that the woman of this inscription was not Turia." <ref>Gill, N.S., "Laudatio Turiae" at http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/familyanddailylife/p/LaudatioTuriae.htm</ref> Dr. Susan Martin discusses the meaning of the inscription, locating it in its historical context and observing that it shows "...the potential for strength in the conventional model of Roman womanhood." <ref>Martin, S., "Private Lives and Public Personae" at http://www.dl.ket.org/latin2/mores/women/womenful.htm</ref><br />
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There is an [http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/survey/laud%20tur.htm English translation available online] as well as the extant [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Eharsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/LaudatioTuriae/lau_turi.html Latin text]. VRoma has two images of fragments: [http://www.vroma.org/images/raia_images/laudatio_turiae.jpg 1] [http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/laudatioturiae2.jpg 2]<br />
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==Lucretii Ofellae==<br />
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Q. Lucretius Ofella was a general who served under L. [[Cornelius]] [[Sulla]]. He successfully besieged [[Praeneste]], but later fell afoul of Sulla and was killed<ref>Plutarch. Life of Sulla, 29, 33</ref>.<br />
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==Lucretii Triones==<br />
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The ''cognomen'' "''Trio''" is found on coins but is not found in any ancient writer. [Warning: These coins have been faked. <ref>Scroll down [http://mriess.acm.jhu.edu/castfakes/republican.html this page] for examples of faked coins from these moneyers.</ref><br />
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===Cn. Lucretius Trio===<br />
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A "moneyer" active around 135-127 BCE. <ref>Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Lucretius "Gnaeus Lucretius"]</ref> There is an image of [http://tapor1.mcmaster.ca/~coins/search.php?coinId=307&mode=normal a coin of Cn. Lucretius Trio at McMaster University].<br />
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===L. Lucretius Trio===<br />
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A "moneyer" active around 74 BCE. <ref>Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Lucretius "Lucius Lucretius"]</ref> There is an image of [http://www.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=157680&AucID=191&Lot=1886 a coin of L. Lucretius Trio at CoinArchives].<br />
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==Lucretii Galli==<br />
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C. Lucretius Gallus. The reverse of the denarius of L. Lucretius Trio may refer to C. Lucretius Gallus who in 181 BCE was created ''duumvir navalis'' and later commanded the fleet against Perseus of Macedon.<ref>Seaby, H., Roman Silver Coins. </ref><br />
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<!-- Smith's http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1936.html G. Lucretius Gallus, was created duumvir navalis with C. Matienus, b. c. 181, in order to equip a fleet against the Ligurians (Liv xl. 26). Livy (/. c.) calls him simply C. Lucretius, but there can be little doubt about his being the same as C. Lucretius Gallus. Lucretius Gallus was praetor B. c. 171, and received the command of the fleet in the war against Perseus, king of Macedonia. He was a worthy match for the consul P. Licinius Crassus, and distinguished himself by his cruelties and exactions in Greece. With the money which he had amassed in the war, he constructed an aqueduct at Antium, and adorned the shrine of Aesculapius with votive pictures. On his return to Rome in b. c. 170, the Athenians and Chalcidians brought bitter complaints against him, in. consequence of which he was accused by two tribunes of the plebs before the people, and condemned to pay a heavy fine. (Liv. xlii. 28, 31, 35, 48, 56, 63, xliii. 4, 6, 7, 8 ; Polyb. xxvii. 6.)<br />
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--><br />
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M. Lucretius (Gallus), brother of C. Lucretius Gallus, was tribune of the plebs 172 BCE. He brought forward a bill "''ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent.''" <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=coYDAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PT55&ots=XxkaBXkxJg&dq=ut%20agrum%20Campanum&pg=PT55#v=onepage&q=ut%20agrum%20Campanum&f=false "ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent." Google Books]</ref> In the next year he served as legate to his brother in Greece. <ref>Livy xlii. 19, 48, 56.</ref><br />
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==Lucretii in Pompeii==<br />
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[[Image:Lucretius Fronto villa fresco.jpg|frame|right|Fourth style wall painting from the house of M. Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii. Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
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===M. Lucretius===<br />
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Two houses belonging to Lucretii have been identified in [[Pompeii]]. The house of M. Lucretius was found in Regio IX <ref>Leach, E.W., "House of Marcus Lucretius IX.3.5" at https://oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/leach/www/c409/mlplan.html</ref> and that of M. Lucretius Fronto in Regio V <ref>Leach, E.W., "House of M. Lucretius Fronto" at https://oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/leach/www/c409/fronto.html</ref><br />
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===M. Lucretius Fronto===<br />
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Marcus Lucretius Fronto's house in Pompeii is notable for the quantity and quality of the art found therein. <ref>Pompeii Art Gallery (BBC) at http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/pompeii_art_gallery_06.shtml</ref> <br />
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==Lucretii in Egypt==<br />
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===C. Lucretius Saturnilus===<br />
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Gaius Lucretius Saturnilus is mentioned as being involved in the execution of a will in Egypt, 149 CE<ref>Rowlandson, J. and Bagnall, R. (1998). ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521588154, ISBN 9780521588157 preview at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=8-M9TnEYKXIC&printsec=frontcover#PPA189,M1]</ref>.<br />
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===M. Lucretius Diogenes===<br />
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The testament of Isidora to her husband M. Lucretius Diogenes and her son Isidoros is known from a papyrus find in Egypt<br />
<ref>Text at The Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri: [http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0100 P.Diog.: Les Archives de Marcus Lucretius Diogenes et textes apparentés]</ref> <ref>Rowlandson, J. and Bagnall, R. (1998). ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521588154, ISBN 9780521588157 preview at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=8-M9TnEYKXIC&printsec=frontcover#PPA200,M1]</ref>.<br />
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==Lucretiani==<br />
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Under conditions of adoption, a Roman took the name of the adoptive parent, adding a trace of the original ''nomen'' in adjectival form as an (additional) cognomen. Several "''Lucretiani''" appear in the historical record. <br />
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===Lucius Titinius Glaucus Lucretianus===<br />
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Lucius Titinius Glaucus Lucretianus is recorded as supervisor of the reconstruction of the Odeon at Cosa and is also mentioned in conjunction with the Capitoline temple there.<br />
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===Antonius Lucretianus===<br />
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The British Museum has a small altar found at Winchester dedicated by Antonius Lucretianus: <br />
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MATRIB ITALIS GERMANIS GAL BRIT '''ANTONIVS LVCRETIANVS''' BF COS REST<br />
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("For the Mother Goddesses of Italy, the Germanies, Gaul and Britain, the Beneficiarius Consularis Antonius Lucretianus restored [this temple].") <ref>(RIB 88; altarstone), http://www.roman-britain.org/places/venta_belgarum.htm</ref><br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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[[Category:Gentes| Lucretia]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Gens_LucretiaGens Lucretia2010-11-19T06:30:29Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar|Lucretius}}__NOEDITSECTION__<br />
See also: [[:Category:Gens Lucretia (Nova Roma)|Gens Lucretia in Nova Roma]].<br />
----<br />
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''Gens Lucretia'' was originally patrician, but later also included plebeian families. It was one of the most ancient ''gentes'', and the name occurs as early as the reign of [[Numa Pompilius]]. <br />
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The ''[[cognomen]]'' of the patrician Lucretii was "''Triciptinus''". The plebeian families are known by the surnames of ''Gallus'', ''Ofella'', ''Trio'' and ''Vespillo''. ''Carus'' also occurs as the ''cognomen'' of the poet Lucretius. A few Lucretii are mentioned without any cognomen. ''Praenomina'' commonly used by members of this ''gens'' were '''''Lucius''''', '''''Publius''''', '''''Titus''''', and '''''Spurius'''''.<br />
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==''Lucretia''==<br />
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Lucretia was the daughter of Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus and the wife of L. Tarquinius Collatinus. "The [[Rape of Lucretia]]" explains the expulsion of the kings from Rome and is told by [[Livy]] <ref>[[Livy]] I: 57-58</ref>.<br />
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Another Lucretia was the wife of [[Numa Pompilius]] <ref>[[Plutarch]], Life of Numa, 21</ref>.<br />
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==Titus Lucretius Carus==<br />
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{{:Titus Lucretius Carus}}<br />
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Main article: [[Titus Lucretius Carus]]<br />
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==Lucretii Triciptini==<br />
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===Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus===<br />
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Sp. Lucretius Triciptinus, the father of Lucretia, whose rape by Sex. Tarquinius led to the dethronement of Tarquinius Superbus and the establishment of the republic. Triciptinus was a member of the senate under Tarquinius, and was appointed ''Praefectus Urbi'' by the king, when the latter left the city to prosecute the war against Ardea. After the dethronement of the king, and before the appointment of the consuls, Triciptinus, by virtue of his office of ''Praefectus Urbi'', had the government of the city. He presided at the ''[[comitia]]'', in which the first consuls were elected, and for this purpose was probably elected interrex by the patricians, as is expressly stated by Dionysius (v. 11).<br />
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The two first consuls were L. Junius Brutus and L. Tarquinius Collatinus, 509 BCE. ; and after the death of Brutus in battle, in the course of the same year, Triciptinus was elected to supply his place; but worn out by age, he died a few days after entering upon the office. <ref>[[Livy]] i. 58, 59, ii. 8; Dionysius iv. 76, 82, 84, v. 11, 19; Tac. Ann. vi. .11; [[Cicero]] de Rep. ii. 31</ref><br />
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===T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus===<br />
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T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus, consul in 508 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, in which year he fought against the [[Etruscan]]s, who had attacked Rome under Porsena, and he is said by Dionysius to have been wounded in the battle. Dionysius, however, places the invasion of Porsena in the following year, and accordingly represents Triciptinus as one of the generals of the Roman army under the consuls <ref>Livy ii. 8, 11; Dionysius v. 20, 22, 23</ref>. Triciptinus was consul a second time in 504 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, in which year the consuls carried on the war against the [[Sabines]] with success <ref>Livy ii. 16; Dionysius v. 40, foll.</ref>.<br />
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===Lucretius (Triciptinus)===<br />
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Lucretius (Triciptinus), was possibly consul in 507 BCE. with P. Valerius Publicola, although some sources give M. Horatius Pulvillus as Publicola's colleague<ref>For Lucretius as Publicola's colleage see Livy; ii. For Horatius, not Lucretius, as Publicola's colleague see Dionysius v. 21 and Ovid, Fasti.</ref>.<br />
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===L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus===<br />
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L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus, (son of the T. Lucretius T. p. Triciptinus who was consul in 508 B.C.E.), was himself consul in 462 BCE. with T. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus. He fell upon the Volscians, when they were returning from an invasion of the Roman territory laden with booty, and nearly annihilated the whole army. He obtained in consequence the honour of a triumph. In the following year he exerted himself warmly to save Kaeso Quintius, who was brought to trial by the tribune Virginius <ref>Livy iii. 8, 10, 12 ; Dionysius ix. 69—71.</ref>. Triciptinus is mentioned by Dionysius <ref>Dionysius xi. 15</ref> as one of the distinguished senators who spoke in favour of the abolition of the decemvirate in BCE 449.<br />
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===Hostus Lucretius L. f. T. n. Triciptinus===<br />
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Hostus Lucretius L. f. T. n. Triciptinus, son of ,L. Lucretius T. f. T. n. Triciptinus (who was consul in 462 BCE) was consul in 429 B.C.E. with L. Sergius Fidenas <ref>Livy iv. 30</ref>.<br />
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===P. Lucretius Hosti f. Triciptinus===<br />
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P. Lucretius Hosti f. Triciptinus, consular tribune in 419 BCE, and a second time in 417 BCE <ref>Livy iv. 44, 47</ref>.<br />
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===L. Lucretius Flavus Triciptinus===<br />
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L. Lucretius Flavus Triciptinus, consul in 393 BCE with Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus, in which year he conquered the Aequi. He was consular tribune in 391 B.C.E., when he gained a victory over the Volsinienses ; and he held the same office a second time in 388 BCE, a third time in 383 BCE, and a fourth time in 381 BCE<ref>Livy v. 29, 32, vi. 4, 21, 22</ref>. Plutarch <ref>Plutarch, Camillus 32</ref> represents L. Lucretius as the senator who was usually asked first for his opinion, probably because he was one of the few who had held the rank of consul; and the same writer informs us that Lucretius spoke against the removal to Veii.<br />
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See http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3507.html for more.<br />
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==Lucretii Vespillones==<br />
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===Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Lucretius Vespillo was aedile 133 BCE. He is said to have thrown the corpse of [[Tiberius Gracchus]] into the Tiber and thus to have obtained the surname of ''Vespillo'' ("undertaker")<ref>Anrel. Vict. de Vir. III. 64; respecting the Vespillones, see Diet, of Antiq. p. 559, a, 2d ed.</ref>. <br />
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===Q. Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Q. Lucretius Vespillo, an orator and a jurist, was proscribed by [[Sulla]] and put to death <ref>Cicero "Brutus" 48; Appian, B. G. iv. 44.</ref>.<br />
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===Q. Lucretius Vespillo===<br />
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Q. Lucretius Vespillo, the son of Q. Lucretius Vespillo the jurist, served in the Pompeian fleet in 48 BCE. He was proscribed by the triumvirs in 43 BCE, but more fortunate than his father, was concealed by his wife '''Turia''' in his own house at Rome, till his friends obtained his pardon. In 20 BCE he was one of the deputation which the senate sent to Augustus at Athens to request the latter to assume the consulship for the following year. Augustus declined the honour, and appointed Vespillo, who was accordingly consul with C. Sentius Saturninus in 19 BCE<ref>Caesar B.C. iii. 7 </ref> <ref>Appian, B. C. iv. 44; Val. Max. vi. 7. § 2; Dion Cassius liv. 10.</ref>. He is mentioned in the ''[[Res Gestae Divi Augusti]]''.<br />
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See http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3582.html for more.<br />
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====Turia====<br />
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Turia is one of three women listed by the historian [[Valerius Maximus]] as examples of womanly virtue:<br />
<br />
:"When Quintus Lucretius [Vespillo, the consul of 19 BCE] was proscribed by the triumvirs, his wife Turia hid him in her bedroom above the rafters. A single maidservant knew the secret. At great risk to herself, she kept him safe from imminent death. So rare was her loyalty that, while the other men who had been proscribed found themselves in foreign, hostile places, barely managing to escape the worst tortures of body and soul, Lucretius was safe in that bedroom in the arms of his wife." <ref>Valerius Maximus, Memorable Deeds and Sayings 6.7.1-3. L at http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-mensopinions53.shtml</ref> <br />
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[[Image:Laudatio Turiae 2.jpg|frame|right|So called "Laudatio Turiae" inscription (fragment). Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
A lengthy funerary inscription exists <ref>{{CIL|VI|1527}} Text of the "Laudatio Turiae".</ref> which is traditionally known as the "''Laudatio Turiae''". The unnamed subject has sometimes been identified with the Turia married to Q. Lucretius Vespillo. W. Ward Fowler states, "...there is a very strong probability that her name was Turia, and that he was a certain Q. Lucretius Vespillo..." <ref>Fowler,W. "Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero" at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11256</ref>. N.S. Gill, however, says "It is strongly believed that the woman of this inscription was not Turia." <ref>Gill, N.S., "Laudatio Turiae" at http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/familyanddailylife/p/LaudatioTuriae.htm</ref> Dr. Susan Martin discusses the meaning of the inscription, locating it in its historical context and observing that it shows "...the potential for strength in the conventional model of Roman womanhood." <ref>Martin, S., "Private Lives and Public Personae" at http://www.dl.ket.org/latin2/mores/women/womenful.htm</ref><br />
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There is an [http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/survey/laud%20tur.htm English translation available online] as well as the extant [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Eharsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/LaudatioTuriae/lau_turi.html Latin text]. VRoma has two images of fragments: [http://www.vroma.org/images/raia_images/laudatio_turiae.jpg 1] [http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/laudatioturiae2.jpg 2]<br />
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==Lucretii Ofellae==<br />
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Q. Lucretius Ofella was a general who served under L. [[Cornelius]] [[Sulla]]. He successfully besieged [[Praeneste]], but later fell afoul of Sulla and was killed<ref>Plutarch. Life of Sulla, 29, 33</ref>.<br />
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==Lucretii Triones==<br />
<br />
The ''cognomen'' "''Trio''" is found on coins but is not found in any ancient writer. [Warning: These coins have been faked. <ref>Scroll down [http://mriess.acm.jhu.edu/castfakes/republican.html this page] for examples of faked coins from these moneyers.</ref><br />
<br />
===Cn. Lucretius Trio===<br />
<br />
A "moneyer" active around 135-127 BCE. <ref>Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Lucretius "Gnaeus Lucretius"]</ref> There is an image of [http://tapor1.mcmaster.ca/~coins/search.php?coinId=307&mode=normal a coin of Cn. Lucretius Trio at McMaster University].<br />
<br />
===L. Lucretius Trio===<br />
<br />
A "moneyer" active around 74 BCE. <ref>Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Lucretius "Lucius Lucretius"]</ref> There is an image of [http://www.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=157680&AucID=191&Lot=1886 a coin of L. Lucretius Trio at CoinArchives].<br />
<br />
==Lucretii Galli==<br />
<br />
C. Lucretius Gallus. The reverse of the denarius of L. Lucretius Trio may refer to C. Lucretius Gallus who in 181 BCE was created ''duumvir navalis'' and later commanded the fleet against Perseus of Macedon.<ref>Seaby, H., Roman Silver Coins. </ref><br />
<br />
<!-- Smith's http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1936.html G. Lucretius Gallus, was created duumvir navalis with C. Matienus, b. c. 181, in order to equip a fleet against the Ligurians (Liv xl. 26). Livy (/. c.) calls him simply C. Lucretius, but there can be little doubt about his being the same as C. Lucretius Gallus. Lucretius Gallus was praetor B. c. 171, and received the command of the fleet in the war against Perseus, king of Macedonia. He was a worthy match for the consul P. Licinius Crassus, and distinguished himself by his cruelties and exactions in Greece. With the money which he had amassed in the war, he constructed an aqueduct at Antium, and adorned the shrine of Aesculapius with votive pictures. On his return to Rome in b. c. 170, the Athenians and Chalcidians brought bitter complaints against him, in. consequence of which he was accused by two tribunes of the plebs before the people, and condemned to pay a heavy fine. (Liv. xlii. 28, 31, 35, 48, 56, 63, xliii. 4, 6, 7, 8 ; Polyb. xxvii. 6.)<br />
<br />
--><br />
<br />
M. Lucretius (Gallus), brother of C. Lucretius Gallus, was tribune of the plebs 172 BCE. He brought forward a bill "''ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent.''" <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=coYDAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PT55&ots=XxkaBXkxJg&dq=ut%20agrum%20Campanum&pg=PT55#v=onepage&q=ut%20agrum%20Campanum&f=false "ut agrum Campanum censores fruendum locarent." Google Books]</ref> In the next year he served as legate to his brother in Greece. <ref>Livy xlii. 19, 48, 56.</ref><br />
<br />
==Lucretii in Pompeii==<br />
<br />
[[Image:Lucretius Fronto villa fresco.jpg|frame|right|Fourth style wall painting from the house of M. Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii. Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
<br />
===M. Lucretius===<br />
<br />
Two houses belonging to Lucretii have been identified in [[Pompeii]]. The house of M. Lucretius was found in Regio IX <ref>Leach, E.W., "House of Marcus Lucretius IX.3.5" at https://oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/leach/www/c409/mlplan.html</ref> and that of M. Lucretius Fronto in Regio V <ref>Leach, E.W., "House of M. Lucretius Fronto" at https://oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/leach/www/c409/fronto.html</ref><br />
<br />
===M. Lucretius Fronto===<br />
<br />
Marcus Lucretius Fronto's house in Pompeii is notable for the quantity and quality of the art found therein. <ref>Pompeii Art Gallery (BBC) at http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/pompeii_art_gallery_06.shtml</ref> <br />
<br />
===D. Lucretius Satrius Valens===<br />
<br />
The following graffito was found in Pompeii: "Twenty pairs of gladiators furnished by Decimus Lucretius Satrius Valens perpetual priest of Nero, son of the Emperor, and ten pairs of gladiators furnished by Decimus Lucretius Valens his son, will fight at Pompeii April 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. There will be a big hunt and awnings. Aemilius Celer wrote this by the light of the moon." <ref>Ancient History Sourcebook:<br />
Inscriptions From Pompeii at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/pompeii-inscriptions.html</ref><br />
<br />
===M. Lucretius Decidianus Rufus===<br />
<br />
Known from the following inscriptions:<br />
<br />
'''M LVCRETIO DECIDIAN'''<br/><br />
'''RVFO''' D V III QVINQ<br/><br />
PONTIF TRIB MILITVM<br/><br />
A POPVLO PRAEF FABR<br/><br />
M PILONIVS RVFVS <ref>{{CIL|X|788}}, ILS 6363 b</ref><br />
<br />
'''M LVCRETIO DECIDIAN'''<br/><br />
'''RVFO''' II VIR III QVINQ<br/><br />
PONTIF TRIB MIL A POPVLO<br/><br />
PRAEF FABR EX D D<br/><br />
POST MORTEM <ref>{{CIL|X|789}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Cn. Lucretius Decens===<br />
<br />
Known from the following inscription:<br />
<br />
INVENTVS DENTANT DAPF<br/><br />
FELIX MELISSAEI FAVST<br/><br />
NYMPHODOTVS HELVI<br/><br />
SPERATVS CAESIAE MVS<br/><br />
MIN AVG D D IVSSV<br/><br />
M HOLCONI GELLI L AELI TVBER D I D<br/><br />
C VERGILI SALINATORIS '''CN LVCRETI'''<br/><br />
'''DECENTIS''' V A S P P<br/><br />
C ASINIO C ANTISTIO COS <ref>{{CIL|X|895}}</ref><br />
<br />
===M. Lucretius Manlianus===<br />
<br />
PHILIPPVS MELISSAEI<br/><br />
FAVSTI<br/><br />
IANVARIVS PIRICATI<br/><br />
QVARTIONIS<br/><br />
IVCVNDVS HOLCONI<br/><br />
ANTEROTIS<br/><br />
AVCTVS HELVI<br/><br />
NYMPHODOTI<br/><br />
MINISTRI AVG<br/><br />
IVSSV<br/><br />
'''M LVCRETI MANLIANI''' L ALBIENI STAI II V I D<br/><br />
L EVMACHI FVSCI N HERENNI VERI D V<br/><br />
V A S P P<br/><br />
CN DOMITIO CAMILLO ARRVNTIO <ref>{{CIL|X|899}}</ref><br />
<br />
This may be the same man as the M. Lucretius L. f. Manlianus names below:<br />
<br />
M HELVIVS LVSTVS<br/><br />
IANVARIVS HERENNIVS<br/><br />
VERI<br/><br />
ALEXANDER SEI<br/><br />
VITALIS[<br/><br />
L NVMISIVS FELICIO<br/><br />
L ALBIENO STAIO '''M LVCRETIO L F MANLIANO''' D I D<br/><br />
IVSSV[<br/><br />
N HERENNI VERI L EVMACHI FVSCI D V<br/><br />
]V A S P P[ <ref>{{CIL|X|900}}</ref><br />
<br />
===M. Lucretius Epidius Flaccus===<br />
<br />
PHRONIMVS MESSI FAVSTI<br/><br />
PLACIDVS VEI FRONTONIS<br/><br />
A ARELLIVS GRAECVS<br/><br />
MIN AVG EX D D IVSSV<br/><br />
C CAESARIS M VESONI MARCELL<br/><br />
IIVIR I D<br/><br />
'''M LVCRETI EPIDI FLACCI'''<br/><br />
PRAEFECTI<br/><br />
L ALBVCI '''D LVCRETI''' II VIR V A S P P<br/><br />
PAVLLO FABIO L VITELLIO<br/><br />
COS <ref>{{CIL|X|901}}</ref><br />
<br />
PHRONIMVS MESSI<br/><br />
]FAVSTI<br/><br />
PLACIDVS VEI FRONTONIS<br/><br />
A ARELLIVS GRAECVS<br/><br />
MINISTRI AVG EX D D IVSSV<br/><br />
M VESONI MARCELLI IIVIR I D<br/><br />
'''M LVCRETI EPIDI FLACCI''' PRAEF I D<br/><br />
C CAESARIS<br/><br />
L ALBVCI CELSI '''D LVCRETI''' VALENTIS<br/><br />
II VIR V A S P P<br/><br />
PAVLLO FABIO L VITELLIO COS <ref>{{CIL|X|902}}</ref><br />
<br />
===D. Lucretius===<br />
<br />
vide "M. Lucretius Epidius Flaccus" supra.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Lucretii in Egypt==<br />
<br />
===C. Lucretius Saturnilus===<br />
<br />
Gaius Lucretius Saturnilus is mentioned as being involved in the execution of a will in Egypt, 149 CE<ref>Rowlandson, J. and Bagnall, R. (1998). ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521588154, ISBN 9780521588157 preview at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=8-M9TnEYKXIC&printsec=frontcover#PPA189,M1]</ref>.<br />
<br />
===M. Lucretius Diogenes===<br />
<br />
The testament of Isidora to her husband M. Lucretius Diogenes and her son Isidoros is known from a papyrus find in Egypt<br />
<ref>Text at The Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri: [http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.05.0100 P.Diog.: Les Archives de Marcus Lucretius Diogenes et textes apparentés]</ref> <ref>Rowlandson, J. and Bagnall, R. (1998). ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521588154, ISBN 9780521588157 preview at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=8-M9TnEYKXIC&printsec=frontcover#PPA200,M1]</ref>.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear:both"/><br />
<br />
==Lucretiani==<br />
<br />
Under conditions of adoption, a Roman took the name of the adoptive parent, adding a trace of the original ''nomen'' in adjectival form as an (additional) cognomen. Several "''Lucretiani''" appear in the historical record. <br />
<br />
===Lucius Titinius Glaucus Lucretianus===<br />
<br />
Lucius Titinius Glaucus Lucretianus is recorded as supervisor of the reconstruction of the Odeon at Cosa and is also mentioned in conjunction with the Capitoline temple there.<br />
<br />
===Antonius Lucretianus===<br />
<br />
The British Museum has a small altar found at Winchester dedicated by Antonius Lucretianus: <br />
<br />
MATRIB ITALIS GERMANIS GAL BRIT '''ANTONIVS LVCRETIANVS''' BF COS REST<br />
<br />
("For the Mother Goddesses of Italy, the Germanies, Gaul and Britain, the Beneficiarius Consularis Antonius Lucretianus restored [this temple].") <ref>(RIB 88; altarstone), http://www.roman-britain.org/places/venta_belgarum.htm</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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[[Category:Templates]]</noinclude></div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Template_talk:PhotoSwitcherTemplate talk:PhotoSwitcher2010-11-05T12:53:15Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>* I tried to identify which is the problem and why the photos are not displayed correct on the main page. I was not able to find the problem. If someone know, please fix it. If not I will revert the last intervention on the page from 28 Oct.[[User:Titus Iulius Sabinus|Titus Iulius Sabinus]] 18:51, 4 November 2010 (CET)<br />
**I reverted to the last known good version. If people who don't have really good understanding of the code would just leave requests here, or talk to Lentulus, all will be well. /\⁄\ |_ ⁄·\</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Template:PhotoSwitcherTemplate:PhotoSwitcher2010-11-05T12:50:56Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div><onlyinclude>{{#switch: {{#expr: {{#time: z}} mod 18 }}<br />
| 0 = [[Image:Day 3 (088) - Vindolanda - Paulus, Laureatus, Albucius - -Cordus-.jpg|center|350px]]<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=T. Amatius Paulus, C. Moravius Laureatus, & P. Memmius Albucius at [[Vindolanda]], during the [[V Conventus Novae Romae]]|HU=T. Amatius Paulus, C. Moravius Laureatus és P. Memmius Albucius [[Vindolanda|Vindolandában]], az [[V Conventus Novae Romae]] alatt.|PT=T. Amatius Paulus, C. Moravius Laureatus e P. Memmius Albucius em [[PT:Vindolanda|Vindolanda]], durante o [[V Conventus Novae Romae]]|ES=T. Amatius Paulus, C. Moravius Laureatus y P. Memmius Albucius en [[ES:Vindolanda|Vindolanda]], durante el [[V Conventus Novae Romae]]|IT=T. Amatius Paulus, C. Moravius Laureatus e P. Memmus Albicius a [[IT:Vindolanda|Vindolanda]], durante il [[V Conventus Novae Romae]]|RO=T. Amatius Paulus, C. Moravius Laureatus si P. Memmus Albicius in [[Vindolanda]], in timpul [[V Conventus Novae Romae]].}}<br />
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| 1 = [[Image:Day 5 (131) - Arbeja - Astur, Laureatus, Paulus - -Cordus-.jpg|center|350px]]<br />
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| 3 = [[Image:Julilla-lararium.jpg|center|350px]]<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=A modern [[lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]]|ES=Un [[ES:Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]] moderno.|HU=Egy modern [[HU:Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]].|LA=[[Lararium (Nova Roma)|Lararium]] hodiernum.|IT=Un moderno [[IT:Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]].|RO=Un [[lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]] modern.}}<br />
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| 4 = [[Image:Conutus 6797.jpg|center|350px]]<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=A modern [[lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]]|ES=Un [[ES:Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]] moderno.|HU=Egy modern [[HU:Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]].|LA=[[Lararium (Nova Roma)|Lararium]] hodiernum.|IT=Un moderno [[IT:Lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]].|RO=Un [[lararium (Nova Roma)|lararium]] modern.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=Modern grave marker of an unknown Roman girl, London.|HU=Ismeretlen római lány sírja Londonban.|LA=Sepulchrum puellae Romanae incognotae, Londonii.|ES=Lápida moderna de una joven romana desconocida, Londres.|RO=Piatra funerara moderna a unei fete romane necunoscute, Londra.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=Modern grave marker of an unknown Roman girl, London.|HU=Ismeretlen római lány sírja Londonban.|LA=Sepulchrum puellae Romanae incognotae, Londonii.|ES=Lápida moderna de una joven romana desconocida, Londres.|RO=Piatra funerara moderna a unei fete romane necunoscute, Londra.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=Nova Roman sestertius.|HU=Nova római sestertius.|LA=Sestertius Novus Romanus.|IT=Sesterzio novo romano.|ES=Sestercio de Nova Roma.|RO=Sestertius Nova Roman.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=Q. Caelia Laeta, ministra and M. Hortensia Maior, Flaminica Carmentalis enjoy a moment during the Carmentalia.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=Good security at [[:Category:XX Floralia Aquinci|XX Floralia Aquinci]]}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=The altar is ready for Concordialia, 2763 AUC.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN= Sarmatian Days, 2762 a.u.c.}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN= Augur publicus M. Lucretius sacrifices in Sarmatia}}<br />
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{{GlobalText|EN=Nova Roman sestertius.|HU=Nova római sestertius.|LA=Sestertius Novus Romanus.|IT=Sesterzio novo romano.|ES=Sestercio de Nova Roma.|RO=Sestertius Nova Roman.}}}}</onlyinclude><noinclude><br />
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<br />
==Simple photo rotator==<br />
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===Usage===<br />
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Put '''<nowiki>{{PhotoSwitcher}}</nowiki>''' in any page. Best results will be on a page with two columns or within a <nowiki><div></nowiki> element about 50% of page width wide.<br />
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===Development===<br />
<br />
[Note: Try seconds (s) as the key instead of day of the year (z). This makes the image nearly random at each load and limits the number of images to 60, but the Mediawiki cache slows down the rotation.]<br />
<br />
The number in the "mod" statement should be equal to the number of photos in the list. <br />
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The list is numbered from zero, not from one, so the last photo number will be one less than the mod number.<br />
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If the mod number is changed, also change the mod number in the documentation, so the index number is displayed here correctly.<br />
<br />
The day of the year is now {{#time: z}} and the index is now {{#expr: {{#time: z}} mod 15 }}<br />
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The server time is {{#time: H:i:s}}. The index will increment at midnight, server time. <br />
<br />
===Choosing Photos===<br />
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* All images should be in '''landscape''' (horizontal) orientation. They will be resized to 350 pixels wide automatically. If the image is taller than it is wide, then resizing to 350px horizontally will still leave it much too large vertically. <br />
* Use only '''top quality pictures''' - nothing blurred, dark, murky, out of focus, or with a tree seeming to grow from someone's head.<br />
* '''Good subjects''' include historical artifacts, historic sites, groups of Nova Roma citizens, citizens at Roman sites, Nova Roma events.<br />
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===Add photo to gallery===<br />
<br />
'''Add this tag: <nowiki>[[Category:Main page]]</nowiki>''' to the photo description. This will place the photos in [[:Category:Main page]].<br />
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[[Category: Templates]]</noinclude></div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/MeditrinaliaMeditrinalia2010-09-21T09:00:40Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar | Meditrinalia }}<br />
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The Meditrinalia (from 'mederi', to heal) is celebrated on October 11 and celebrates the end of the vine harvest. The deity honoured today is most probably Iuppiter (this is based on the Fasti Amiternini), also honoured in the Vinalia of April 23. Some later sources mention a goddess called Meditrina, though this was probably a later invention. Varro [De Lingua Latina, 6.21] says the following about this day:<br />
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"Octobri mense Meditrinalia dies dictus a medendo, quod Flaccus flamen Martialis dicebat hoc die solitum vinum novum et vetus libari et degustari medicamenti causa; quod facere solent etiam nunc multi cum dicunt: 'Novum vetus vinum bibo: novo veteri morbo medeor'."<br />
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"The day of the Meditrinalia in month October was named from 'mederi' (to be healed), as Flamen Martialis Flaccus used to say that on this day it was the custom to make a libation of new and old wine and to taste it in order to be healed. Many are accustomed to do this even now when they say: 'Wine new and old I drink, of illness new and old I'm cured.'" <br />
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Based on this testimony and on the offering to Iuppiter Dapalis described by Cato [[De Agricultura 132]], which includes a libation of wine, we can perform a likely reconstruction of the old ritual of the Meditrinalia. For more info on the general structure of roman sacrifice see the information about the basic tools, template and guidelines for a roman sacrifice, as well as the information about posture and gesture in roman ritual.<br />
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1.Prepare a mixture of wine new and old. Note that at this time of year, the new wine mentioned by Varro is most probably grape juice or must taken from the recently harvested grapes. Accordingly, buy some mature wine and grapes, and mix one half of wine and one half of grape juice. Place the mixture in a 'patera' or similar recipient.<br />
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2. Prepare a recipient with water to stay beside you during the ritual in order for you to wash your hands. Prepare a towel as well.<br />
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3. If your place of worship has no fireplace ('focus'), you will just pour the wine on an altar or recipient prepared for the effect which you place before the place of worship.<br />
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4. Go to your place of worship in your home ([[lararium]], shrine, or whatever). You can be helped by a few assistants who, during the ritual, will help you to wash the hands and to take the offering.<br />
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5. Cover your head. If you have a toga, you can use it to cover your head in the fashion known as 'cinctu Gabino' proper of the roman sacrificer.<br />
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6. Say the following (note that I have addressed the deity indirectly employing the 'si deus si dea' formula because it is not known with certainty which deity in honoured today):<br />
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"Si deus si dea es qui Meditrinalium tutelam habet, quod tibi hodie fieri oportet libationem vini novi et veteri, eius rei ergo macte hoc vino novo et veteri pollucendo esto."<br />
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"Be you god or goddess who has the tutelage of the Meditrinalia, as it is proper to offer to you today a libation of wine new and old, for sake of this shall you be honoured by this offering of wine new and old."<br />
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7. Wash your hands in the water prepared for the effect, and clean your hands.<br />
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8. Take the wine.<br />
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9. Pour a part of it in libation saying:<br />
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"Si deus si dea es qui Meditrinalium tutelam habet, eius rei ergo macte vino novo et veteri inferio esto."<br />
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"Be you god or goddess who has the tutelage of the Meditrinalia, for sake of this shall you be honoured by this wine new and old, which I pour in libation."<br />
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10. Note that in the previous step you have expressly noted that the wine offered is only the part poured in libation ('inferio'). You will drink the rest saying the following before drinking, as Varro teaches us:<br />
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"Novum vetus vinum bibo, novo veteri morbo medeor."<br />
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"Wine new and old I drink, of illness new and old I am cured."<br />
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11. The libation is finished. If you have not used a fireplace and just poured the wine on an altar or recipient prepared for the effect, let the wine stay before the place of worship until the next day, so that the deity may enjoy it. You should then clean it so that it does not become deteriorated and hence polluted and impure. <br />
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[[Category:Roman religion]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Laudatio_TuriaeLaudatio Turiae2010-09-20T00:30:14Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar|Laudatio Turiae}}<br />
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==Inscription==<br />
[[Image:Laudatio Turiae 2.jpg|frame|right|So called "Laudatio Turiae" inscription (fragment). Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
A lengthy funerary inscription exists <ref>{{CIL|VI|1527}} Text of the "Laudatio Turiae".</ref> which is traditionally known as the "''Laudatio Turiae''". <br />
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Dr. Susan Martin discusses the meaning of the inscription, locating it in its historical context and observing that it shows "...the potential for strength in the conventional model of Roman womanhood." <ref>Martin, S., "Private Lives and Public Personae" at http://www.dl.ket.org/latin2/mores/women/womenful.htm</ref><br />
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There is an [http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/survey/laud%20tur.htm English translation available online] as well as the extant [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Eharsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/LaudatioTuriae/lau_turi.html Latin text]. VRoma has two images of fragments: [http://www.vroma.org/images/raia_images/laudatio_turiae.jpg 1] [http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/laudatioturiae2.jpg 2]<br />
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==Turia==<br />
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The unnamed subject has sometimes been identified with the Turia married to [[Lucretius|Q. Lucretius Vespillo]], one of three women listed by the historian [[Valerius Maximus]] as examples of womanly virtue:<br />
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:"When Quintus Lucretius [Vespillo, the consul of 19 BCE] was proscribed by the triumvirs, his wife Turia hid him in her bedroom above the rafters. A single maidservant knew the secret. At great risk to herself, she kept him safe from imminent death. So rare was her loyalty that, while the other men who had been proscribed found themselves in foreign, hostile places, barely managing to escape the worst tortures of body and soul, Lucretius was safe in that bedroom in the arms of his wife." <ref>Valerius Maximus, Memorable Deeds and Sayings 6.7.1-3. L at http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-mensopinions53.shtml</ref>. <br />
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W. Ward Fowler states, "...there is a very strong probability that her name was Turia, and that he was a certain Q. Lucretius Vespillo..." <ref>Fowler,W. "Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero" at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11256</ref>. N.S. Gill, however, says "It is strongly believed that the woman of this inscription was not Turia." <ref>Gill, N.S., "Laudatio Turiae" at http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/familyanddailylife/p/LaudatioTuriae.htm</ref> <br />
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==Resources==<br />
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*{{EDH|030715}}<br />
*{{CIL|VI|1527}} <br />
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==Text==<br />
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[--- u]xoris // $] / [--- mo]rum probit[ate? ---] /rum [---]<br/><br />
permansisti prob[a ---?] orbata es re[pente ante nuptiar]um<br/><br />
diem utroque pa[rente in deserta soli]/tudine una o[ccisis per<br/><br />
te maxu]me cum ego in Macedo[niam provinciam issem] / vir<br/><br />
sororis tua[e C(aius) Cluvius in A]fricam provinciam [inulta<br/><br />
non est relicta] / mors parentum / tanta cum industria m[unere<br/><br />
es p]ietatis perfuncta ef[flagitando atque] / vindicando ut si<br/><br />
praes t[o fu]issemus non ampliu[s potuissemus sed] / haec<br/><br />
habes communia cum [s]anctissima femina s[orore tua] / quae<br/><br />
dum agitabas ex patria domo propter custodia[m non cedisti<br/><br />
sumpto] / de nocentibus supplicio evest[i]gio te in domu<br/><br />
ma[tris meae tulisti ubi] / adventum meum expectast[i] /<br/><br />
temptatae deinde estis ut testamen[tum] quo nos eramus heredes<br/><br />
rupt[um diceretur] / coemptione facta cum uxore ita necessario<br/><br />
te cum universis pat[ris bonis in] / tutelam eorum qui rem<br/><br />
agitabant reccidisse sororem omni[no eorum bonorum] / fore<br/><br />
expertem quod emancupata esset Cluvio qua mente ista<br/><br />
acc[eperis qua prae]/sentia animi restiteris etsi afui<br/><br />
conpertum habeo / veritate caussam communem [t]utata es<br/><br />
testamentum ruptum non esse ut [uterque potius] / hereditatem<br/><br />
teneremus quam omnia bona sola possideres certa qui[dem<br/><br />
sententia] / te ita patris acta defensuram ut si non<br/><br />
optinuisses partituram cum s[orore te adfir]/mares nec sub<br/><br />
condicionem tutelae legitumae venturam quoius per [legem in te<br/><br />
ius non] / esset neque enim familia[e] gens ulla probari<br/><br />
poterat quae te id facere [impediret] / nam etsi patris<br/><br />
testamentum ruptum esset tamen iis qui intenderen[t non esse<br/><br />
id] / ius quia gentis eiusdem non essent / cesserunt<br/><br />
constantiae tuae neque amplius rem sollicitarunt quo facto<br/><br />
[offici in patrem] / pietatis in sororem fide[i] in nos<br/><br />
patrocinium succeptum sola peregisti / rara sunt tam diuturna<br/><br />
matrimonia finita morte non divertio in[terrupta contigit] /<br/><br />
nobis ut ad annum XXXXI sine offensa perduceretur utinam<br/><br />
vetust[a coniunctio habu]/isset mutationem vice m[e]a qua<br/><br />
iustius erat cedere fato maiorem / domestica bona pudici[t]iae<br/><br />
opsequi comitatis facilitatis lanificii stud[i religionis] /<br/><br />
sine superstitione o[r]natus non conspiciendi cultus modici<br/><br />
cur [memorem? cur dicam de cari]/tate familiae pietate [c]um<br/><br />
aeque matrem meam ac tuos parentes col[ueris non alia mente] /<br/><br />
illi quam tuis curaveris cetera innumerabilia habueris<br/><br />
commun[ia cum omnibus] / matronis dignam f[a]mam colentibus<br/><br />
propria sunt tua quae vindico ac [paucae uxores in] / similia<br/><br />
inciderunt ut talia paterentur et praestarent quae rara ut<br/><br />
essent [propitia] / fortuna cavit / omne tuom patrimonium<br/><br />
acceptum ab parentibus communi diligentia cons[ervavimus] /<br/><br />
neque enim erat adquirendi tibi cura quod totum mihi<br/><br />
tradidisti officia [ita par]/titi sumus ut ego tu[t]elam tuae<br/><br />
fortunae gererem tu meae custodiam sust[ineres multa] / de hac<br/><br />
parte omittam ne tua propria mecum communicem satis sit [hoc]<br/><br />
mi[hi tuis] / de sensibus [indi]casse / [liberali]tatem tuam<br/><br />
c[u]m plurumis necessariis tum praecipue pietati<br/><br />
praesti[tisti] / [--- licet qu]is alias nominaverit unam<br/><br />
dumtaxat simillimam [tui ---] / [--- h]abuisti sororem tuam<br/><br />
nam propinquas vestras d[ignas eiusmodi] / [--- bene]ficiis<br/><br />
komibus vestris apud nos educavistis eaedem u[t condicio]/[nes<br/><br />
aptas famili]ae vestrae consequi possent dotes parastis quas<br/><br />
quid[em a vobis] / [constitutas comm]uni consilio ego et<br/><br />
C(aius) Cluvius excepimus et probantes [sensus vestros] / [ne<br/><br />
vestro patrimo]nio vos multaretis nostram rem familiarem<br/><br />
sub[didimus vestrae] / [nostraque bona] in dotes dedimus quod<br/><br />
non venditandi nostri c[aussa memoravi] / [sed ut illa<br/><br />
consi]lia vestra concepta pia liberalitate honori no[s duxisse<br/><br />
consta]/[ret exequi de nos]tris / [multa alia merit]a tua<br/><br />
praetermittenda [mihi sunt ---] / [& // [varia et ampla<br/><br />
subsi]dia fugae meae praestitisti ornamentis / [me<br/><br />
instruxisti] cum omne aurum margaritaque corpori / [tuo<br/><br />
accommodata trad]idisti mihi et subinde familia nummis<br/><br />
fructibus / [deceptis nostrorum a]dversariorum custodibus<br/><br />
apsentiam meam locupletasti / [publicatis bonis repet]itis(?)<br/><br />
quod ut conarere virtus tua te hortabatur / [mira pietas tua<br/><br />
me m]unibat clementia eorum contra quos ea parabas / [nihilo<br/><br />
minus tamen v]ox tua est firmitate animi emissa / [agmen<br/><br />
conlectum ex repe]rtis hominibus a Milone quoius domus<br/><br />
emptione / [potitus eram cum ille fuisset] exul belli civilis<br/><br />
occasionibus inrupturum / [et direpturum --- reiecist]i [et<br/><br />
defe]ndisti domum nostram / [& $] / [--- iure Caesar dixit<br/><br />
tibi acceptum esse referendu]m extare [adhuc] / me patriae<br/><br />
redditum a se [na]m nisi parasses quod servar[et] cavens<br/><br />
saluti meae / inaniter opes suas pollice[ret]ur ita non minus<br/><br />
pietati tu[a]e quam Caesari / me debeo quid ego nunc interiora<br/><br />
[no]stra et recondita consilia s[e]rmonesque arcanos /<br/><br />
eruam(?) ut repentinis nu[nt]iis ad praesentia et inminentia<br/><br />
pericula evoca/tus tuis consiliis cons[er]vatus sim(?) ut<br/><br />
neque audac[i]us experiri casus / temere passa sis et<br/><br />
mod[es]tiora cogitanti fida receptacula pararis / sociosque<br/><br />
consilioru[m t]uorum ad me servandum delegeris sororem / tuam<br/><br />
et virum eius C(aium) Clu[viu]m coniuncto omnium periculo(?)<br/><br />
infinita sint / si attingere coner sat [si]t mihi tibique<br/><br />
salutariter m[e latuisse] / acerbissumum tamen in vi[ta] mihi<br/><br />
accidisse tua vice fatebo[r reddito me iam] / cive patriae<br/><br />
benificio et i[ud]icio apsentis Caesaris Augusti [quom abs te<br/><br />
---] / de restitutione mea M(arcus) L[epi]dus conlega praesens<br/><br />
interp[ellaretur et ad eius] / pedes prostrata humi n[on] modo<br/><br />
non adlevata sed tra[ducta et indignum in] / modum rapsata<br/><br />
livori[bus c]orporis repleta firmissimo [animo eum admone]/res<br/><br />
edicti Caesaris cum g[r]atulatione restitutionis me[ae atque<br/><br />
vocibus eti]/am contumeliosis et cr[ud]elibus exceptis<br/><br />
volneribus pa[lam conquereris] / ut auctor meorum<br/><br />
peric[ul]orum notesceret quoi noc[uit mox ea res] / quid hac<br/><br />
virtute efficaciu[s] praebere Caesari clementia[e locum et cum<br/><br />
cu]/stodia spiritus mei not[a]re inportunam crudelitatem<br/><br />
[Lepidi firma tua] / patientia(?) sed quid plura(?) parcamu[s]<br/><br />
orationi quae debet et potest e[sse brevis ne maxu]/ma opera<br/><br />
tractando pa[r]um digne peragamus quom pr[o maxumo documento]<br/><br />
/ meritorum tuorum oc[ulis] omnium praeferam titulum [salutis<br/><br />
meae] / pacato orbe terrarum res[titut]a re publica quieta<br/><br />
deinde n[obis et felicia] / tempora contigerunt fue[ru]nt<br/><br />
optati liberi quos aliqua[mdiu sors nobis invi]/derat si<br/><br />
fortuna procede[re e]sset passa sollemnis inservie[ns quid<br/><br />
utrique no]/strum defuit(?) procedens a[li]as spem finiebat<br/><br />
quid agitav[eris propterea quae]/que ingredi conata sis f[ors]<br/><br />
sit an in quibusdem feminis [conspicua et memorabi]lia in te<br/><br />
quidem minime a[dmi]randa conlata virtutibu[s ceteris omittam]<br/><br />
/ diffidens fecunditati tuae [et do]lens orbitate mea ne<br/><br />
tenen[do in matrimonio] / te spem habendi liberos [dep]onerem<br/><br />
atque eius caussa ess[em infelix de divertio] / elocuta es<br/><br />
vocuamque [do]mum alterius fecunditati t[e tradituram non<br/><br />
alia] / mente nisi ut nota con[co]rdia nostra tu ipsa mihi<br/><br />
di[gnam et aptam con]/dicionem quaereres p[ara]resque ac<br/><br />
futuros liberos t[e communes pro]/que tuis habituram<br/><br />
adf[irm]ares neque patrimoni nos[tri quod adhuc] / fuerat<br/><br />
commune separa[ti]onem facturam sed in eodem [arbitrio meo id]<br/><br />
/ et si vellem tuo ministerio [fu]turum nihil seiunctum ni[hil<br/><br />
separatum te] / habituram sororis soc[rusve] officia<br/><br />
pietatemque mihi d[ehinc praestituram] / fatear necessest adeo<br/><br />
me exa[rsi]sse ut excesserim mente adeo [exhorruisse cona]/tus<br/><br />
tuos ut vix redderer [mi]hi agitari divertia inter nos [ante<br/><br />
quam nobis] / fato dicta lex esset poss[e te a]liquid<br/><br />
concipere mente qua[re vivo me desineres] / esse mihi uxor cum<br/><br />
paene [e]xule me vita fidissuma perman[sisses] / quae tanta<br/><br />
mihi fuerit cu[pid]itas aut necessitas habendi li[beros ut<br/><br />
propterea] / fidem exuerem mutare[m c]erta dubiis(?) sed quid<br/><br />
plura(?) [cedens mihi mansisti] / aput me neque enim ced[er]e<br/><br />
tibi sine dedecore meo et co[mmuni infelici]/tate poteram /<br/><br />
tibi vero quid memorabi[lius] quam inserviendo mihi c[onsilium<br/><br />
cepisse] / ut quom ex te liberos ha[b]ere non possem per te<br/><br />
tamen [haberem et diffi]/dentia partus tui alteriu[s c]oniugio<br/><br />
parares fecunditat[em](?) utinam patiente utriusqu[e a]etate<br/><br />
procedere coniugium [potuisset donec e]/lato me maiore quod<br/><br />
iu[sti]us erat suprema mihi praesta[res ego enim super]/stite<br/><br />
te excederem orbitat[e f]ilia mihi supstituta / praecucurristi<br/><br />
fato delegast[i] mihi luctum desiderio tui nec libe[ros<br/><br />
foturos me mise]/rum reliquisti flectam ego quoque sensus meos<br/><br />
ad iudicia tu[a] / omnia tua cogitata praescri[p]ta cedant<br/><br />
laudibus tuis ut sint mi[hi solacia ne nimis] / desiderem quod<br/><br />
inmort[ali]tati ad memoriam consecrat[um est] / fructus vitae<br/><br />
tuae non derunt [m]ihi occurrente fama tua firma[tus animo<br/><br />
atque] / doctus actis tuis resistam fo[rt]unae quae mihi non<br/><br />
omnia erip[uit sed cum laudi]/bus crescere tui memoriam<br/><br />
[pas]sa est sed quod tranquilli status e[rat mihi tecum] /<br/><br />
amisi quam speculatricem e[t p]ropugnatricem meorum<br/><br />
pericul[orum cogitans calami]/tate tate frangor nec<br/><br />
permane[re] in promisso possum / naturalis dolor extorquet<br/><br />
const[an]tiae vires maerore mersor et quibu[s animum firmabam]<br/><br />
/ in necutro mihi consto repeten[s p]ristinos casus meos<br/><br />
futurosque eve[ntus cogitans con]cido mihi tantis talibusque<br/><br />
pr[aesi]diis orbatus intuens famam tuam n[on tam constanter<br/><br />
pa]/tiendo haec quam ad desider[ium] luctumque reservatus<br/><br />
videor / ultumum huius orationis erit omn[ia] meruisse te<br/><br />
neque omnia contigisse mi[hi ut praestarem] / tibi legem habui<br/><br />
mandata tu[a] quod extra mihi liberum fuerit pr[aestabo] / te<br/><br />
Di Manes tui ut quietam pat[ia]ntur atque ita tueantur opto<br/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Texts]] <br />
[[Category:Inscriptions]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Laudatio_TuriaeLaudatio Turiae2010-09-19T12:59:43Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: </p>
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<div>{{LanguageBar|Laudatio Turiae}}<br />
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==Inscription==<br />
[[Image:Laudatio Turiae 2.jpg|frame|right|So called "Laudatio Turiae" inscription (fragment). Courtesy of VROMA.]]<br />
A lengthy funerary inscription exists <ref>{{CIL|VI|1527}} Text of the "Laudatio Turiae".</ref> which is traditionally known as the "''Laudatio Turiae''". The unnamed subject has sometimes been identified with the Turia married to [[Lucretius|Q. Lucretius Vespillo]]. W. Ward Fowler states, "...there is a very strong probability that her name was Turia, and that he was a certain Q. Lucretius Vespillo..." <ref>Fowler,W. "Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero" at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/11256</ref>. N.S. Gill, however, says "It is strongly believed that the woman of this inscription was not Turia." <ref>Gill, N.S., "Laudatio Turiae" at http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/familyanddailylife/p/LaudatioTuriae.htm</ref> <br />
<br />
Dr. Susan Martin discusses the meaning of the inscription, locating it in its historical context and observing that it shows "...the potential for strength in the conventional model of Roman womanhood." <ref>Martin, S., "Private Lives and Public Personae" at http://www.dl.ket.org/latin2/mores/women/womenful.htm</ref><br />
<br />
There is an [http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/survey/laud%20tur.htm English translation available online] as well as the extant [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Eharsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/LaudatioTuriae/lau_turi.html Latin text]. VRoma has two images of fragments: [http://www.vroma.org/images/raia_images/laudatio_turiae.jpg 1] [http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/laudatioturiae2.jpg 2]<br />
<br />
==Turia==<br />
<br />
Turia is one of three women listed by the historian [[Valerius Maximus]] as examples of womanly virtue:<br />
<br />
:"When Quintus Lucretius [Vespillo, the consul of 19 BCE] was proscribed by the triumvirs, his wife Turia hid him in her bedroom above the rafters. A single maidservant knew the secret. At great risk to herself, she kept him safe from imminent death. So rare was her loyalty that, while the other men who had been proscribed found themselves in foreign, hostile places, barely managing to escape the worst tortures of body and soul, Lucretius was safe in that bedroom in the arms of his wife." <ref>Valerius Maximus, Memorable Deeds and Sayings 6.7.1-3. L at http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-mensopinions53.shtml</ref> <br />
<br />
{{EDH|030715}}<br />
<br />
==Text==<br />
<br />
[--- u]xoris // $] / [--- mo]rum probit[ate? ---] /rum [---]<br/><br />
permansisti prob[a ---?] orbata es re[pente ante nuptiar]um<br/><br />
diem utroque pa[rente in deserta soli]/tudine una o[ccisis per<br/><br />
te maxu]me cum ego in Macedo[niam provinciam issem] / vir<br/><br />
sororis tua[e C(aius) Cluvius in A]fricam provinciam [inulta<br/><br />
non est relicta] / mors parentum / tanta cum industria m[unere<br/><br />
es p]ietatis perfuncta ef[flagitando atque] / vindicando ut si<br/><br />
praes t[o fu]issemus non ampliu[s potuissemus sed] / haec<br/><br />
habes communia cum [s]anctissima femina s[orore tua] / quae<br/><br />
dum agitabas ex patria domo propter custodia[m non cedisti<br/><br />
sumpto] / de nocentibus supplicio evest[i]gio te in domu<br/><br />
ma[tris meae tulisti ubi] / adventum meum expectast[i] /<br/><br />
temptatae deinde estis ut testamen[tum] quo nos eramus heredes<br/><br />
rupt[um diceretur] / coemptione facta cum uxore ita necessario<br/><br />
te cum universis pat[ris bonis in] / tutelam eorum qui rem<br/><br />
agitabant reccidisse sororem omni[no eorum bonorum] / fore<br/><br />
expertem quod emancupata esset Cluvio qua mente ista<br/><br />
acc[eperis qua prae]/sentia animi restiteris etsi afui<br/><br />
conpertum habeo / veritate caussam communem [t]utata es<br/><br />
testamentum ruptum non esse ut [uterque potius] / hereditatem<br/><br />
teneremus quam omnia bona sola possideres certa qui[dem<br/><br />
sententia] / te ita patris acta defensuram ut si non<br/><br />
optinuisses partituram cum s[orore te adfir]/mares nec sub<br/><br />
condicionem tutelae legitumae venturam quoius per [legem in te<br/><br />
ius non] / esset neque enim familia[e] gens ulla probari<br/><br />
poterat quae te id facere [impediret] / nam etsi patris<br/><br />
testamentum ruptum esset tamen iis qui intenderen[t non esse<br/><br />
id] / ius quia gentis eiusdem non essent / cesserunt<br/><br />
constantiae tuae neque amplius rem sollicitarunt quo facto<br/><br />
[offici in patrem] / pietatis in sororem fide[i] in nos<br/><br />
patrocinium succeptum sola peregisti / rara sunt tam diuturna<br/><br />
matrimonia finita morte non divertio in[terrupta contigit] /<br/><br />
nobis ut ad annum XXXXI sine offensa perduceretur utinam<br/><br />
vetust[a coniunctio habu]/isset mutationem vice m[e]a qua<br/><br />
iustius erat cedere fato maiorem / domestica bona pudici[t]iae<br/><br />
opsequi comitatis facilitatis lanificii stud[i religionis] /<br/><br />
sine superstitione o[r]natus non conspiciendi cultus modici<br/><br />
cur [memorem? cur dicam de cari]/tate familiae pietate [c]um<br/><br />
aeque matrem meam ac tuos parentes col[ueris non alia mente] /<br/><br />
illi quam tuis curaveris cetera innumerabilia habueris<br/><br />
commun[ia cum omnibus] / matronis dignam f[a]mam colentibus<br/><br />
propria sunt tua quae vindico ac [paucae uxores in] / similia<br/><br />
inciderunt ut talia paterentur et praestarent quae rara ut<br/><br />
essent [propitia] / fortuna cavit / omne tuom patrimonium<br/><br />
acceptum ab parentibus communi diligentia cons[ervavimus] /<br/><br />
neque enim erat adquirendi tibi cura quod totum mihi<br/><br />
tradidisti officia [ita par]/titi sumus ut ego tu[t]elam tuae<br/><br />
fortunae gererem tu meae custodiam sust[ineres multa] / de hac<br/><br />
parte omittam ne tua propria mecum communicem satis sit [hoc]<br/><br />
mi[hi tuis] / de sensibus [indi]casse / [liberali]tatem tuam<br/><br />
c[u]m plurumis necessariis tum praecipue pietati<br/><br />
praesti[tisti] / [--- licet qu]is alias nominaverit unam<br/><br />
dumtaxat simillimam [tui ---] / [--- h]abuisti sororem tuam<br/><br />
nam propinquas vestras d[ignas eiusmodi] / [--- bene]ficiis<br/><br />
komibus vestris apud nos educavistis eaedem u[t condicio]/[nes<br/><br />
aptas famili]ae vestrae consequi possent dotes parastis quas<br/><br />
quid[em a vobis] / [constitutas comm]uni consilio ego et<br/><br />
C(aius) Cluvius excepimus et probantes [sensus vestros] / [ne<br/><br />
vestro patrimo]nio vos multaretis nostram rem familiarem<br/><br />
sub[didimus vestrae] / [nostraque bona] in dotes dedimus quod<br/><br />
non venditandi nostri c[aussa memoravi] / [sed ut illa<br/><br />
consi]lia vestra concepta pia liberalitate honori no[s duxisse<br/><br />
consta]/[ret exequi de nos]tris / [multa alia merit]a tua<br/><br />
praetermittenda [mihi sunt ---] / [& // [varia et ampla<br/><br />
subsi]dia fugae meae praestitisti ornamentis / [me<br/><br />
instruxisti] cum omne aurum margaritaque corpori / [tuo<br/><br />
accommodata trad]idisti mihi et subinde familia nummis<br/><br />
fructibus / [deceptis nostrorum a]dversariorum custodibus<br/><br />
apsentiam meam locupletasti / [publicatis bonis repet]itis(?)<br/><br />
quod ut conarere virtus tua te hortabatur / [mira pietas tua<br/><br />
me m]unibat clementia eorum contra quos ea parabas / [nihilo<br/><br />
minus tamen v]ox tua est firmitate animi emissa / [agmen<br/><br />
conlectum ex repe]rtis hominibus a Milone quoius domus<br/><br />
emptione / [potitus eram cum ille fuisset] exul belli civilis<br/><br />
occasionibus inrupturum / [et direpturum --- reiecist]i [et<br/><br />
defe]ndisti domum nostram / [& $] / [--- iure Caesar dixit<br/><br />
tibi acceptum esse referendu]m extare [adhuc] / me patriae<br/><br />
redditum a se [na]m nisi parasses quod servar[et] cavens<br/><br />
saluti meae / inaniter opes suas pollice[ret]ur ita non minus<br/><br />
pietati tu[a]e quam Caesari / me debeo quid ego nunc interiora<br/><br />
[no]stra et recondita consilia s[e]rmonesque arcanos /<br/><br />
eruam(?) ut repentinis nu[nt]iis ad praesentia et inminentia<br/><br />
pericula evoca/tus tuis consiliis cons[er]vatus sim(?) ut<br/><br />
neque audac[i]us experiri casus / temere passa sis et<br/><br />
mod[es]tiora cogitanti fida receptacula pararis / sociosque<br/><br />
consilioru[m t]uorum ad me servandum delegeris sororem / tuam<br/><br />
et virum eius C(aium) Clu[viu]m coniuncto omnium periculo(?)<br/><br />
infinita sint / si attingere coner sat [si]t mihi tibique<br/><br />
salutariter m[e latuisse] / acerbissumum tamen in vi[ta] mihi<br/><br />
accidisse tua vice fatebo[r reddito me iam] / cive patriae<br/><br />
benificio et i[ud]icio apsentis Caesaris Augusti [quom abs te<br/><br />
---] / de restitutione mea M(arcus) L[epi]dus conlega praesens<br/><br />
interp[ellaretur et ad eius] / pedes prostrata humi n[on] modo<br/><br />
non adlevata sed tra[ducta et indignum in] / modum rapsata<br/><br />
livori[bus c]orporis repleta firmissimo [animo eum admone]/res<br/><br />
edicti Caesaris cum g[r]atulatione restitutionis me[ae atque<br/><br />
vocibus eti]/am contumeliosis et cr[ud]elibus exceptis<br/><br />
volneribus pa[lam conquereris] / ut auctor meorum<br/><br />
peric[ul]orum notesceret quoi noc[uit mox ea res] / quid hac<br/><br />
virtute efficaciu[s] praebere Caesari clementia[e locum et cum<br/><br />
cu]/stodia spiritus mei not[a]re inportunam crudelitatem<br/><br />
[Lepidi firma tua] / patientia(?) sed quid plura(?) parcamu[s]<br/><br />
orationi quae debet et potest e[sse brevis ne maxu]/ma opera<br/><br />
tractando pa[r]um digne peragamus quom pr[o maxumo documento]<br/><br />
/ meritorum tuorum oc[ulis] omnium praeferam titulum [salutis<br/><br />
meae] / pacato orbe terrarum res[titut]a re publica quieta<br/><br />
deinde n[obis et felicia] / tempora contigerunt fue[ru]nt<br/><br />
optati liberi quos aliqua[mdiu sors nobis invi]/derat si<br/><br />
fortuna procede[re e]sset passa sollemnis inservie[ns quid<br/><br />
utrique no]/strum defuit(?) procedens a[li]as spem finiebat<br/><br />
quid agitav[eris propterea quae]/que ingredi conata sis f[ors]<br/><br />
sit an in quibusdem feminis [conspicua et memorabi]lia in te<br/><br />
quidem minime a[dmi]randa conlata virtutibu[s ceteris omittam]<br/><br />
/ diffidens fecunditati tuae [et do]lens orbitate mea ne<br/><br />
tenen[do in matrimonio] / te spem habendi liberos [dep]onerem<br/><br />
atque eius caussa ess[em infelix de divertio] / elocuta es<br/><br />
vocuamque [do]mum alterius fecunditati t[e tradituram non<br/><br />
alia] / mente nisi ut nota con[co]rdia nostra tu ipsa mihi<br/><br />
di[gnam et aptam con]/dicionem quaereres p[ara]resque ac<br/><br />
futuros liberos t[e communes pro]/que tuis habituram<br/><br />
adf[irm]ares neque patrimoni nos[tri quod adhuc] / fuerat<br/><br />
commune separa[ti]onem facturam sed in eodem [arbitrio meo id]<br/><br />
/ et si vellem tuo ministerio [fu]turum nihil seiunctum ni[hil<br/><br />
separatum te] / habituram sororis soc[rusve] officia<br/><br />
pietatemque mihi d[ehinc praestituram] / fatear necessest adeo<br/><br />
me exa[rsi]sse ut excesserim mente adeo [exhorruisse cona]/tus<br/><br />
tuos ut vix redderer [mi]hi agitari divertia inter nos [ante<br/><br />
quam nobis] / fato dicta lex esset poss[e te a]liquid<br/><br />
concipere mente qua[re vivo me desineres] / esse mihi uxor cum<br/><br />
paene [e]xule me vita fidissuma perman[sisses] / quae tanta<br/><br />
mihi fuerit cu[pid]itas aut necessitas habendi li[beros ut<br/><br />
propterea] / fidem exuerem mutare[m c]erta dubiis(?) sed quid<br/><br />
plura(?) [cedens mihi mansisti] / aput me neque enim ced[er]e<br/><br />
tibi sine dedecore meo et co[mmuni infelici]/tate poteram /<br/><br />
tibi vero quid memorabi[lius] quam inserviendo mihi c[onsilium<br/><br />
cepisse] / ut quom ex te liberos ha[b]ere non possem per te<br/><br />
tamen [haberem et diffi]/dentia partus tui alteriu[s c]oniugio<br/><br />
parares fecunditat[em](?) utinam patiente utriusqu[e a]etate<br/><br />
procedere coniugium [potuisset donec e]/lato me maiore quod<br/><br />
iu[sti]us erat suprema mihi praesta[res ego enim super]/stite<br/><br />
te excederem orbitat[e f]ilia mihi supstituta / praecucurristi<br/><br />
fato delegast[i] mihi luctum desiderio tui nec libe[ros<br/><br />
foturos me mise]/rum reliquisti flectam ego quoque sensus meos<br/><br />
ad iudicia tu[a] / omnia tua cogitata praescri[p]ta cedant<br/><br />
laudibus tuis ut sint mi[hi solacia ne nimis] / desiderem quod<br/><br />
inmort[ali]tati ad memoriam consecrat[um est] / fructus vitae<br/><br />
tuae non derunt [m]ihi occurrente fama tua firma[tus animo<br/><br />
atque] / doctus actis tuis resistam fo[rt]unae quae mihi non<br/><br />
omnia erip[uit sed cum laudi]/bus crescere tui memoriam<br/><br />
[pas]sa est sed quod tranquilli status e[rat mihi tecum] /<br/><br />
amisi quam speculatricem e[t p]ropugnatricem meorum<br/><br />
pericul[orum cogitans calami]/tate tate frangor nec<br/><br />
permane[re] in promisso possum / naturalis dolor extorquet<br/><br />
const[an]tiae vires maerore mersor et quibu[s animum firmabam]<br/><br />
/ in necutro mihi consto repeten[s p]ristinos casus meos<br/><br />
futurosque eve[ntus cogitans con]cido mihi tantis talibusque<br/><br />
pr[aesi]diis orbatus intuens famam tuam n[on tam constanter<br/><br />
pa]/tiendo haec quam ad desider[ium] luctumque reservatus<br/><br />
videor / ultumum huius orationis erit omn[ia] meruisse te<br/><br />
neque omnia contigisse mi[hi ut praestarem] / tibi legem habui<br/><br />
mandata tu[a] quod extra mihi liberum fuerit pr[aestabo] / te<br/><br />
Di Manes tui ut quietam pat[ia]ntur atque ita tueantur opto<br/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Texts]] <br />
[[Category:Inscriptions]]</div>M. Lucretius Agricolahttp://novaroma.org/nr/Template:EDHTemplate:EDH2010-09-19T12:46:20Z<p>M. Lucretius Agricola: New page: <span title="Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg">{{Global|EDH}}: [http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/EDH/inschrift/{{{1|}}} HD{{{1|}}}]</span><noinclude> ==Function== Provides links to...</p>
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==Usage==<br />
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*N = item number in database without leading "HD".<br />
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[[Category:Templates]]</noinclude></div>M. Lucretius Agricola