Apotropaism

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Apotropaism (adjective: apotropaic) "is the use of magic or ritual to ward off evil or bad luck. Apotropaic devices include amulets and talismans and potent symbols. The root is of Greek origin (αποτρέπω), meaning 'turning away'." ^[1]

References

1. ↑ Wikipedia: "Apotropaism"

Bibliography

Corbeill, Anthony (2004). Nature embodied: gesture in ancient Rome. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691074941 Google Books

Hildburgh, W. L. (1946). Apotropaism in Greek Vase-Paintings. Folklore, Vol. 57, No. 4 (Dec., 1946), pp. 154-178. Taylor & Francis, Ltd. on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, Ltd. (Retrieve from JSTOR)

Moser, Claudia (2006), Naked Power: The Phallus as an Apotropaic Symbol in the Images and Texts of Roman Italy. http://repository.upenn.edu/uhf_2006/11/