Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism
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==A Mystery Oath== | ==A Mystery Oath== | ||
| − | This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152. This new fragment allowed him to make | + | This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152. |
| + | |||
| + | This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the fragment indicate those lines useful for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. He also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text. | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" | {| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
| − | ! New Fragment || PSI 1162 | + | ! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162 |
|-valign="top" | |-valign="top" | ||
| − | |[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br> | + | |[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br> |
| + | [<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br> | ||
| + | [<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br> | ||
| + | ........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br> | ||
| + | ...................................]καυτοπαυ<br> | ||
| + | ...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br> | ||
| + | ...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br> | ||
| + | ...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br> | ||
| + | ...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br> | ||
| + | <span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br> | ||
| + | ...................................]<br> | ||
| + | ...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br> | ||
| + | ................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br> | ||
| + | ................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br> | ||
| + | ................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br> | ||
| + | ................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br> | ||
| + | ..............................]ηκωσιν<br> | ||
| + | .............................]ητων.ν<br> | ||
| + | ............................].σ̣ο̣[<br> | ||
| + | ...........................].[<br> | ||
| + | ||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br> | ||
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br> | [...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br> | ||
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br> | [τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br> | ||
| Line 16: | Line 47: | ||
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br> | [τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br> | ||
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br> | Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br> | ||
| − | [Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣αντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br> | + | <span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣αντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br> |
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br> | [ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br> | ||
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br> | [ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br> | ||
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br> | [καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br> | ||
| − | [ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]<br> | + | [ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br> |
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br> | [καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br> | ||
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br> | [ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br> | ||
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br> | [πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br> | ||
| − | [ψυχ]ῆς: ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br> | + | [ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br> |
| − | [θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br> | + | [θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span> |
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> | ||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> | ||
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br> | ]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br> | ||
| − | ]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ | + | ]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br> |
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br> | ]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br> | ||
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br> | ] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br> | ||
| Line 35: | Line 66: | ||
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br> | ] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br> | ||
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br> | .]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br> | ||
| − | + | ]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br> | |
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br> | .]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br> | ||
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br> | .]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br> | ||
Revision as of 06:46, 10 March 2009
A Mystery Oath
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in Papiri, Greci e Latini (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (l. 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in l. 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in bold green), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in bold light green). Lines in blue in the fragment indicate those lines useful for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. He also made some minor adjustments (in red) to other parts of the text.
| Reconstructed PSI 1162 | New Fragment | PSI 1162 |
|---|---|---|
| [Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ [καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς |
[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[ [...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-] |
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ |
