Marcus Tullius Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero, generally regarded as one of the greatest orators of ancient Rome, was born at Arpinum in 106 BCE. He quickly rose to prominence as an advocate and politician. As Consul in 63 BCE, he is credited with suppressing the Catilinarian Conspiracy, although at the expense of Roman constitutional government; some modern sources question whether there actually was any plot. Between periods of political activity, Cicero also wrote a number of works on Roman language, religion, and philosophy. After a series of speeches in opposition to Marcus Antonius, he was proscribed and killed in 43 BCE.

Plutarch's "Life of Cicero"

Representative Works

Political:

• Pro Caelio
• Pro Milone
• In Pisonem
• Contra Verres
• Catilinarian speeches
• Phillippics

Rhetorical:

• Rhetorica
• De Oratore
• Orator
• Topica

Philosophical:

• De Senectute (On Old Age)
• De Amicitia (On Friendship)
• De Re Publica (On the State)
• De Legibus (On the Laws)
• De Officiis (On Duties)
• Tusculan Disputations

Religious:

• De Divinatione (On Divination)
• On Fate and Free Will
• De Natura Deorum (On the Nature of the Gods)

Informal:

• Epistolae ad Atticum (Letters to Atticus)
• Epistolae ad Familiares (Letters to his Friends)
• Epigramma (Epigrams)