A Civis Guide to Nova Roma Elections
Contents |
Comitia
There are three different legislative bodies in Nova Roma based on the ancient Roman Republic.
Comitia centuriata
The Comitia centuriata (Assembly of Centuries) is made up of all of the citizens, grouped into their respective centuries. It enacts laws that are binding upon all citizens and is also empowered try legal cases in which a citizen is subject to permanent removal of citizenship. The offices elected by this comitia are consul, praetor and censor.[1]
Comitia populi tributa
The Comitia populi tributa (Assembly of the People) is made up of all citizens, grouped into their respective tribes. It is empowered to elect the quaestores and curule aediles, and to enact laws and to try legal cases that do not involve permanent removal of citizenship.[3]
Comitia plebis tributa
The Comitia plebis tributa (Assembly of the Plebeians) is made up of all non-patrician citizens, grouped into their respective tribes. It elects both the plebeian aediles and the tribunes of the plebs. It is also empowered to enact laws binding upon the entire citizenry (called plebiscites) and to try legal cases solely involving members of the plebeian order that do not involve permanent removal of citizenship.[2]
Magistracies
The offices and number of seats elected by the Comitia centuriata are:
Consul (2 seats)
The consulship is the highest executive magistracy of Nova Roma. The two consules are co-presidents of the republic.
To stand for election as consul, a potential candidate is required to be at least 30 years old as of the effective date of office, must be assiduus, must have been a citizen of Nova Roma for at least four years, and must have previously held the position of praetor or Tribune of the Plebs for at least six months, or served as Provincial Governor for at least three years, or held the position of Senator for a year.[4]
Praetor (2 seats)
The praetores are the second highest executive magistrates and vice-presidents of the Nova Roman Republic and are considered as lower colleagues and deputies for the consules. There are two praetores in Nova Roma and their principal duty is to oversee the official fora and to administer the judicial sytem.
To stand for election as praetor, a potential candidate is required to be at least 27 years old, must be assiduus, must have been a citizen of Nova Roma for at least three years, and must have held one or more of the following positions for at least six months: plebeian tribune, plebeian aedile, curule aedile, quaestor, or Senator.[4]
Censor (1 seat)
Censores are very respected magistrates with the highest auctoritas to safeguard the public morality and honour but third in rank after the consules and praetores, because they do not possess imperium, and have no power to convene either the senate or an assembly of the people. Their principal duty is to maintain the lists of citizens, equestrians and senators.
To stand for election as censor, a potential candidate is required to be at least 30 years old, must be assiduus, must have been a citizen of Nova Roma for at least four years, and must have previously held the position of praetor or consul for at least six months, or served as Provincial Governor for at least three years, or held the position of Senator for a year.[4]
The offices and number of seats elected by the Comitia populi tributa are:
Aedilis curulis (2 seat)
All aediles are responsible for the organization of the ludi (public games), public religious events and State properties maintenance. Curule aediles specifically are also resonsible for the Aedilician Fund and the Macellum.
To stand for election as aedilis curulis, a potential candidate is required to be at least 25 years old, must be assiduus, must have been a citizen of Nova Roma for at least two years, and must have held the position of [[Aedilis plebis (Nova Roma)|plebeian aedile, Provincial Governor, quaestor, or a Senator for at least six months.[1]
Quaestor (8 seats)
There are eight quaestores elected annually to serve as aides and financial administrators to the consules, praetores, and aediles. After eight quaestores have been elected, the newly elected senior magistrates are consulted and asked which of the new quaestores they wish to have assigned to them. The new consules make the final determination of this, publishing an edict assigning quaestores to senior magistrates. Each quaestor may be assigned additional duties by the consules aa a diribitor, custos or rogator if there are not enough citizens serving in these positions.[2]
To stand for election as quaestor, a potential candidate is required to be at least 21 years old, must be assiduus, must have been a citizen of Nova Roma for at least one year, and must have previously held the position of an apparitor for at least six months of service.[3]
The offices and number of seats elected by the Comitia plebis tributa are:
Aedilis plebis (2 seats)
All aediles are responsible for the organization of the ludi (public games), plebeian events and State properties maintenance. Candidates for aedilis plebis must be citizens in good standing for at least six full months before taking office. They must be of the plebeian order, assidui, and at least 21 years of age by the date of taking office.[4]
Tribunus plebis (5 seats)
The Constitution of Nova Roma provides that there shall be five tribuni plebis (Tribunes of the Plebs), who shall be elected by the Comitia plebis tributa, and who shall all be of the plebeian order. The plebeian tribunes have a special power that allows them to stop actions by other smagistrates, including actions by the consules, that violate Nova Roma law. The plebeian tribunes also attend all Senate meetings and keep the citizens informed about what occurs in the Senate sessions as well as posting public reports on the outcomes of all voting with in the Senate. Candidates for tribunus plebis must be citizens in good standing, for at least six full months before taking office, of the plebeian order, assidui, and at least 25 years of age by the date of taking office.[5]
Cista
Currently, Nova Roma has two voting 'locations'. Each voting location is called a cista.
The first location is Cista Novae Romae on the Nova Roma website. This cista has had some trouble due to a lack of talent willing to provide coding and technical support. The web pages are built on a custom framework developed by a past web master for Nova Roma. It is outdated and work is being done to bring the site up to current web standards for usability and security. To vote using the Cista Novae Romae each citizen must go to his or her Album Civium page to get the link for their voter code and their ballot.[6]
The second location is votingplace.net, which uses a large share of Nova Roma's annual budget to host elections. This cista has served Nova Roma well over the past couple of years despite the fact that it is not fully under the control of Nova Roma. The CFO and the Senate have placed a high priority on developing the Cista Novae Romae so this expense will no longer be required. To vote using votingplace.net the election officials have the software send each registered citizen a voter code via email along with voting instructions.
References
1. Lex Cornelia de ratione comitiorum centuriatorum - http://novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Cornelia_de_ratione_comitiorum_centuriatorum_(Nova_Roma) 2. Lex Cornelia de ratione comitiorum populi tributorum - http://novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Cornelia_de_ratione_comitiorum_populi_tributorum_(Nova_Roma) 3. Lex Pompeia de ratione comitiorum plebis tributorum - http://novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Pompeia_de_ratione_comitiorum_plebis_tributorum_(Nova_Roma) 4. Lex Cornelia de cursu honorum - http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Cornelia_de_cursu_honorum_(Nova_Roma) 5. Lex Cornelia de quaestoribus - http://novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Cornelia_de_quaestoribus_(Nova_Roma) 6. Lex Pompeia de cursu honorum - http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Pompeia_de_cursu_honorum 7. Simple steps for voting - http://novaroma.org/nr/Simple_steps_for_voting
