Provincia (Nova Roma)

Revision as of 07:26, 24 June 2024

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Nova Roma has a worldwide, international central administration and a territorial organization, consisting of provincial, regional and urban subdivisions. The provincia is the highest level of the territorial organization. According to Roman constitutional logic, provinces are organized as part of the ceremonial military structure of Nova Roma and are administered by military command. The democratic element of local government can be found in the municipalities which are exempt from under the direct command of the governor.

The Nova Roman Republic is divided into a number of provinciae. A provincia can comprise of a single country or several, or can be made up of sub-national units from a single country. Unlike provinces of Canada or American states, Nova Roman provinciae are creations of the senate, the 'national' governing body. The senate, under article V.C. of the the lex Cornelia Domitia de re publica constituenda, can create a new provincia or combine existing ones by senatus consultum. The same lex outlines the powers and duties of the provincial governors. The senate also has the power to appoint and replace governors who appoint the provincial administration and may sub-divide their provincia into regiones for administrative purposes as they deem it necessary.

Governance

The structure of the provincial government varies greatly depending upon the existing conditions of the provincia, but it is always a military command, part of the ceremonial military structure of Nova Roma. Each governor is a commanding general, a special commissioner of the senate with imperium. Officials of each provincial government are officers of the ceremonial (reenactment) army of Nova Roma. Several provinces cross national and linguistic boundaries and thus officials may be appointed to reflect this. Other provinces are geographically large or have isolated populations. There are no real laws concerning organization of provincial government other than as stipulated in article V.C of the lex Cornelia Domitia de re publica constituenda. This creates a flexible framework for the varying realities of the provinciae.

The governor of the province, a local commander-in-chief of the Nova Roman ceremonial (reenactment) army, is either a magistrate or a promagistrate, and depending on this, they can be variously termed, consul, proconsul, praetor, propraetor, or legatus pro praetore; the title depends on previous offices held by the governor. There are some exceptional terms in use, too: the mixed title propraetor pro consule describes a former praetor who was given consular power within his province instead of the usual praetorian power. The title quaestor pro praetore indicates a temporary governorship when the quaestor of a province is standing in for the previous governor by the will of the senate until a permanent successor is found. The title dux distinguishes the chief-governor of a dioecesis, a cluster of provinces temporarily combined together for reorganization. The "governor" of Italia Nova Romana is called praefectus Italiae. All provincial governors are subordinate to the senate and to the central magistrates.

Both the administrative office of the governor and the headquarter of the provincial administration are called the praetorium. The governor's staff personnel, the cohors praetoria, consist of various officials executing the orders of the governor and may include legates, prefects, provosts and various apparitors, more rarely a provincial quaestor or proquaestor, sometimes a curator aranearius and a provincial sacerdos.

In some provinces, the governor shares his power with a provincial council, the consilium provinciae, but in most of the provinces it is just an advisory body to assist the governor, and there are also provinces where there is no consilium provinciae at all.

It is a very important point to note that provincial administrations are not territorial "self-governments". Nova Roman provinces are not autonomous: they are under the strict control of the central administration. The provinces of Nova Roma are the tools of the central government to take directives, execute orders and instructions given from the senate and the consuls. The provinces of Nova Roma, just like those in the ancient republic, are a means for unity and effective administrative action, and not a provision for federalism or territorial autonomy.

Italia and the current provinces of Nova Roma

The following table shows the current provinces of Nova Roma, the countries and states were they are operated, the status of provincial development which is a marker of how active the province is (conventions, events, programs, festivals, reenactment units, and online provincial forum activity), and their current governors with their gubernatorial titles. Four of the provinces, Britannia, Gallia, Germania and Thule, are currently provinces only in name: they are temporarily joined up as as subprovinces of a dioecesis, a superprovince, for complete reorganization. For the duration of the reorganization, this dioecesis fills role of real province, while Britannia, Gallia, Germania and Thule are filling the role of subprovince, a special higher level regio.

Note :

Provicial Reporting

The provinces are subject to annual reporting, conducted by the senate. Governors are generally requested to submit a report to aid the evaluation of the performance of their province in accordance with criteria defined by the Senatus consultum de provinciis ordinandis. The following links are to provincial reports over the years:

• Provincial reports M. Cotta C. Petronio cos.
• Provincial reports Q. Arrio (II) T. Domitio (III) cos.

Maps of all current provinces by continents

Europe

America

Australia

Previous provinces of Nova Roma